Bacteria invade living fungal cells using secreted chitinolytic enzymes that allow for a traceless entry, as shown by microscopic snapshots.

An ancient and conserved genetic mechanism for cell differentiation is under distinct negative regulation in different lineages of land plants.

The body plan of the 407-million-year-old plant fossil Asteroxylon mackiei comprised three developmentally distinct systems of axes.

Three-dimensional cell modelling, lipid analysis, transcriptomics, and live-cell imaging reveal biological insights in to the key stages of the chytrid fungus life cycle.

The capacity for symbiosis between photosynthetic microalgae and early diverging lineages fungi was demonstrated with microscopy and stable isotope exchange of carbon and nitrogen.

Beneficial symbiotic bacteria encode an exceptional number of toxin-related genes that are all expressed by the symbionts in the host, supporting their key role in host-microbe interactions.

Deep immunophenotyping characterizes the genetic factors influencing immune functionality in patients with type 1 diabetes.

The auxin-sensitive Aux/IAA transcriptional repressors regulate approximately 35% of the annotated genes in Physcomitrella patens and exhibit complex interactions with both the activating and repressing ARF transcription factors.

The mosses and angiosperms have independently evolved mechanisms that use the same hormones-auxin, cytokinin and strigolactone-to regulate lateral shoot branching.