Sebastian Bohm, Falk Mersmann ... Adamantios Arampatzis
During human running, the soleus muscle was found to operate as work generator under optimal conditions for work production (high force-length potential and enthalpy efficiency) while the vastus lateralis promoted tendon energy storage and economical force generation (high force-length-velocity potential).
When running on uneven terrain, humans mostly rely on the body's mechanical response for stability instead of planning their footsteps to seek out level ground.
Rory P Wilson, Iwan W Griffiths ... David M Scantlebury
Increased mass enhances speed but compromises turning capacity in pursuit predators; this has widespread ramifications for the best strategies for predators and prey during chases according to their relative masses.
Recurrent spiking networks that process input stimuli with optimal efficiency have key emerging properties that are similar to those of biological neural networks.
A comprehensive cross-sectional assessment reveals functional decline in mice consistent with increased energetic cost of physical activity with age through metabolic rewiring in multiple organs.
Jake Patrick Stroud, Michal Wojcik ... Mate Lengyel
The dynamical solutions exhibited by task-optimized recurrent neural networks, and their similarity to prefrontal cortex dynamics, depends strongly on the strength of neural noise and metabolic cost imposed during training.
Identifying xanthohumol and its derivatives as PPARγ anatagonists provides new insight into how natural compounds beneficially treat obesity and metabolic syndrome, and provide new compounds for therapeutic development.
The range of footfall patterns seen in walking amphibians, reptiles and mammals, including hippopotamus, horse and (inverted) sloth, are consistent with simple principles of mechanical work minimization.
Neural populations may depend on balanced recurrent connectivity to produce an efficient stimulus representation while also maintaining an accurate stimulus encoding despite the variability introduced by adapting neural responses.
Animals work in a world full of surprises, where using energy to position sensors proportional to the location's expected information avoids the pitfalls of positioning them at the information maxima.
