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The dorsal vagal complex is a highly intricate structure composed of distinct transcriptional classes of glial and neuronal cells, exhibiting many similarities but also notable differences between mice and rats.

Social enrichment increases the less-frequent high-intensity aggressive tussling and decreases the low-intensity aggressive lunging via distinct sensory and central neurons.

Manipulating the neuronal pathway responsible for the hypoxic stress response in the worm C. elegans leads to an increase in lifespan.

Individual retinal ganglion cells are singularly activated in the living primate retina via an adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscope.

Rapid, combined and personalized non-invasive stimulation of the precuneus improves associative memory, enhances local gamma expression, and strengthens precuneus–hippocampal connectivity.

A neural-digestive mechanism has been presented for evaluating harmful food.

Endophilin A1 at postsynaptic sites promotes inhibitory postsynaptic organization through interaction with gephyrin to maintain E/I balance, which is essential for the suppression of epilepsy susceptibility.

A separate fear system, flexibly gated by outcome uncertainty, guides decision-making to be both safe and efficient during exploration.