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Metformin selectively improves bone healing of three types of bone injuries in hyperglycemic but not in normoglycemic mice.

Novel disease pathways underlie disease pathogenesis in Kelch-related nemaline myopathy through proteomic remodeling.

The regulation of gene expression can be either binary (on/off digital regulation) or graded (analog regulation) and these fundamentally different regulatory modes can be integrated to control the expression of the same gene.

In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana genome dynamic exchanges of histone variants control the organization of histone modifications into chromatin states, acting as molecular landmarks.

Rice transposable element polymorphisms already present in the wild ancestors are associated with transcriptional variability and have been differentially selected in indica and japonica populations.

The abstract framework of rate-distortion theory can be realized by a neural population coding model to reproduce key and previously unexplained regularities of human visual working memory.

Alteration of the G-quadruplex structure formed by GGGGCC repeat RNA through the direct interaction with RNA-binding proteins can suppress pathogenic repeat-associated non-AUG translation, leading to therapeutic effects on neurodegeneration in C9orf72-linked amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia.

Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) from the scorpionfish Sebastes schlegelii escapes detection by BPI autoantibodies derived from people with cystic fibrosis and reveals excellent anti-inflammatory potency as well as profound antimicrobial activity towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including multiple drug-resistant strains.

A GWAS meta-analysis for OPLL identified fourteen significant genomic loci and a subsequent Mendelian randomization study provided genetic evidence for a causal effect of obesity on the pathogenesis of OPLL, especially one of its subtypes, thoracic OPLL.

Proteomic and metabolomic analyses reveal how mannose exerts its anticancer activity.