CXXC1 is a pivotal epigenetic regulator that ensures T_reg homeostasis and suppressive function by interacting with FOXP3 to modulate H3K4me3 deposition at key signature genes.

The ZF-CxxC protein FBXL19 recruits kinase-associated Mediator to CpG islands of silent developmental genes in embryonic stem cells, which primes these genes for activation during differentiation and is required for embryonic development.

Variably methylated retrotransposons have an underlying sequence that allows them to escape KAP1-mediated silencing and recruit ZF-CxxC proteins.

Despite the known heme attachment motif (CXXCH) in all c-type cytochromes, attachment elements recognized by human and bacterial cytochrome c biogenesis pathways are distinct, providing clear targets for differential inhibitors.

A cryo-EM structure of the bacterial OmcZ cytochrome filament provides evidence for the possibility that cytochrome polymers had multiple origins in bacteria.

Islands of non-methylated DNA are shown to perform a similar epigenetic role in many different vertebrate species.

A protein that can recognize regions of DNA with a high proportion of unmethylated CpG dinucleotides, and then recruit polycomb group proteins to these CpG islands, has been identified.

African trypanosomes have a trypanothione-based mitochondrial thiol redox metabolism.

EDEM2 containing mannosidase homology domain functions as an initiator of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation of misfolded glycoproteins by conversion of Man₉GlcNAc₂ to Man₈GlcNAc₂, only when complexed with TXNDC11 containing thioredoxin-like domains.

The chromatin regulator WDR5 is a regulator of translation, and small molecule inhibitors or degraders of WDR5 can be used to treat triple-negative breast cancer.