Hinokiflavone is identified as a splicing modulator that blocks progression from spliceosome complex A to complex B and inhibits SUMO protease SENP1, causing hyper-SUMOylation affecting 6 U2 snRNP proteins.
In cortical pyramidal neurons, subtype-specific SUMOylation of Na+ channels regulates input-output relationships, synaptic boosting, and action potential propagation from the axonal trigger zone back into the dendrites.
The immediate response of the brain to a sudden, harmful drop in oxygen supply is the addition of SUMO proteins to sodium ion channels in neurons, increasing their activity.
When a protein involved in DNA repair malfunctions, it can anneal RNA molecules to DNA molecules, creating hybrids that increase the frequency of mutations in the DNA.