Similarities in climatic niches of terrestrial vertebrates indicate the Earth's climate regions, which differ among groups and from previous plant-based climate classifications.

A new system for classifying climates emerges from modeling the environmental conditions that 26,000 species of tetrapods experience in their home range.

European beech harbours substantial genetic variation at genomic loci associated with drought resistance and newly identified loci can help to accelerate and monitor adaptation to climate change.

After domestication, the cultivation range expansion of crops was not solely dictated by human activity but instead constrained by climatic factors, which in turn resulted in distinct phenotypic characteristics of locally adaptive landraces.

Variation in autumnal expression from starting expression levels and initial cold-down-regulation, rather than epigenetic silencing, is the major field variable conferred by worldwide haplotypes of the floral repressor gene, FLC.

Neotropical outstanding biodiversity emerged from sustained rates of species accumulation over time, although, for some periods, tetrapods were less successful than plants in keeping pace with a changing environment.

Deforestation near villages is associated with short-term increases but long-term decreases in malaria incidence in Lao PDR, highlighting the influence of forest-going populations on malaria transmission in the region.

Evolutionary dynamics of polyploid plants of the genus Cochlearia during past periods of rapid climate change indicate increased rates of speciation and diversification in response to pronounced glacial cycles and cold periods in particular.

High-throughput systemic approaches on long-term trends identify the environmental factors that cause loss of biodiversity and disrupt ecosystem functions.

Carriage of MDR S. Typhi H58 sublineages that also cause acute disease provides understanding of the transmission dynamics of typhoid fever and maintenance of local pathogen populations in Kenya children.