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Mitochondrial Cx43 hemichannels regulate ATP generation by mediating K+, H+, and ATP transfer across the mitochondrial inner membrane and the interaction with mitochondrial ATP synthase, contributing to maintenance of mitochondrial redox and cell protection under oxidative stress.

The capacity to sustain effort to obtain rewards over time depends on the levels of the antioxidant glutathione in the nucleus accumbens - a brain region critical for motivated behavior - and can be boosted with a nutritional intervention (N-acetylcysteine).

The voltage-gated sodium channel Na_v1.1 is identified as an essential component of the proprioceptive transmission machinery that is required in vivo for normal motor behavior.

Molecular dynamics simulation of the full-length TSH receptor, a major human autoantigen whose full structure remains uncertain, showed that its linker region is an intrinsically disordered protein, explaining the difficulty of obtaining an experimental structure.

Due to current levels of mobile phone ownership in Africa, it may only be possible to scale up mHealth interventions in a few countries, but not in the vast majority of the 33 countries that encompass ~60% of Africa's population.

STED microscopy of human mitotic spindles reveals how augmin-nucleated microtubules protect the cell from erroneous kinetochore-microtubule attachments and ensure a highly organized architecture of the spindle required for mitotic fidelity.

Retinal ganglion cell axons release the morphogen sonic hedgehog which signals through astrocytes to induce the migration of inhibitory interneurons into the developing visual thalamus.

Obese Ksr2 mutant mice have increased trabecular bone but decreased marrow adiposity and are more prone to fractures, thus providing a useful model to understand how stem cells can be manipulated to produce bone at the expense of marrow fat.

Core associative learning phenomena that are observed in studies of eyeblink conditioning are also observed in sensorimotor adaptation, pointing to a common framework for these distinct cerebellar-dependent motor learning processes.

C. elegans nematodes can assess faithfully the threat that H₂O₂ poses by coupling the induction of their H₂O₂ defenses to the perception of high temperature—an inherent enhancer of the reactivity of H₂O₂.