Analyses of allelic- and socially-biased gene expression reveal that suppressed recombination causes most of the expression differences in the social supergene, with only few differences due to socially antagonistic selection.

The socially exchanged fluid passed mouth-to-mouth during trophallaxis contains molecules that can influence development, potentially mediating communal control of colony phenotypes.

The synthesis capability of some amino acids is lost during the insect evolution, and hymenopteran parasitoids can make up for these deficiencies by altering free amino acid concentrations in host.

Genes associated with age-based division of labor in ants exist in distinct regulatory and evolutionary contexts; genes up-regulated in young nurses are loosely connected and rapidly evolving while genes up-regulated in old foragers are highly connected and conserved.

The maintenance DNA methyltransferase DNMT1 is required for the transition of spermatogonia to spermatocytes both during larval testis development and adult sperm replenishment in the insect Oncopeltus fasciatus.

Triacylglycerides found in the males of 11 species of Drosophila form a largely overlooked, novel, sex-specific class of pheromones that act to suppress courtship behaviour.

A detailed discussion of the broad range of immediate, delayed, cumulative, and third-party fitness consequences arising from outgroup conflict showcases the importance of this neglected aspect of sociality as a powerful and widespread evolutionary force.

Tapeworms grow and regenerate using stem cells distributed throughout their bodies, but their regeneration competence relies upon the unique micro-environment created by the head and neck.