Global relative mRNA and protein abundance in trypanosomatids can be effectively estimated at transcriptomic and proteomic scales based on protein-coding sequences alone.

Attenuating candidate live virus vaccines by incorporating unfavoured codon pairs to reduce translation efficiency is actually mediated though changes in frequencies of CpG and UpA dinucleotides, which make viruses more visible to the innate immune system.

A tissue-wide fluoresence-based screen reveals that not all tissues in an organism (Drosophila) reinforce a hierarchy of codon usage to the same extent, a finding which impacts tissue-specific protein expression and function.

Genetic and bioinformatic analyses uncover an unexpected role for codon usage biases in regulating gene expression at the transcriptional level by suppressing premature transcription termination.

Proteins evolve more intrinsic structural disorder under more effective selection, with selection assessed via a novel metric of codon adaptation.

Identification of a novel role for the transcriptional repressor, MAF1, and RNA polymerase III-dependent transcription, in osteoblast differentiation, mineralization, and bone biology.

Trait-based metagenomic analysis of an ecosystem fertilization experiment shows that genomic traits that affect the costs and rates of biochemical information-processing mediate community assembly.

RNA virus replication is attenuated by an intrinsic restriction mechanism after introducing CpG/UpA dinucleotides into both non-translated and coding regions of viral genomes, which may be exploited in the design of attenuated virus vaccines.

The translation rates of each yeast codon have been measured in both the A and P sites of the ribosome.

Increasing awareness that many causal links in biology might be bi-directional could overcome biases and improve scientific reasoning.