Innate antiviral factors do not always perfectly distinguish between self and foreign, and potential adverse effects of antiviral defense mechanisms for the host have been discussed.
Introgression makes hemiplasy more likely, and the probability of hemiplasy incorporating incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) and introgression can be estimated using the presented simulation software.
José Antonio Escudero, Aleksandra Nivina ... Didier Mazel
The coexistence of ancestral and innovative functions is possible and fosters evolutionary innovation in events involving the acquisition of whole protein domains.
Alexandre B Leitão, Ramesh Arunkumar ... Francis M Jiggins
Single-cell transcriptomics of immune cells demonstrates that populations evolve inducible defences when infection rates are low and constitutive defences when infection is common.
David E Cook, H Martin Kramer ... Bart P H J Thomma
Assessment of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and DNA accessibility revealed that physical DNA characteristics are associated with adaptive genome evolution in the broad host range plant pathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae.
Contrary to the high absolute number of white-eyes in other parts of the world, the Indonesian archipelago is the center of phylogenetic diversity of this great speciator.
This review considers the evolutionary processes and physiological mechanisms that maintain or end pregnancy in mammals to formulate general, testable theoretical models that provide insights into the biology of parturition.
