The microbiome encompasses all the microorganisms within a specific environmental niche, ranging from animal guts to plant root systems. Its investigation has important implications for the study of disease and behaviour.
To highlight recent advances in the mechanistic understanding of microbiome function, eLife is pleased to present a Special Issue on this topic. This issue presents a collection of highly influential research relating to metagenomics, microbiota, and computational tools, as selected for publication by a specially convened group of experts.
We continue to welcome high-quality research on this topic on an ongoing basis.
Visit our main subject page to explore articles in the wider field of Microbiology and Infectious Disease and sign up to receive the latest research.
Collection
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Microbiology and Infectious Disease
Microbiome and transcriptomic profiling of genetically selected tropical fish with high and low tolerance to cold exposure revealed host control over microbiome composition and response to temperature changes.
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Microbiology and Infectious Disease
The human gut bacterial lipoprotein BtuG binds vitamin B12 with femtomolar affinity, can remove vitamin B12 from human intrinsic factor, and is required for commensal fitness in the gut.
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Ecology
Experiments in ex-germ-free mice establish a measurable effect of colonization history on gut microbiota assembly, illuminating a potential cause for the high levels of unexplained individuality in host-associated microbial communities.
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Microbiology and Infectious Disease
Analysis of the global genetic requirements and gene expression changes in E. coli in the presence of a simple microbiome revealed pairwise and higher-order interactions, and underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Microbiology and Infectious Disease
Comparisons between lactobacilli bacteria in the small intestine and those evolved in the lab reveal several modes of resistance to toxic fatty acids.
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Neuroscience
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Microbiology and Infectious Disease
Social-interaction impairment in germ-free mice is associated with a markedly altered transcriptional response to social novelty in the amygdala, as characterised by replacement of upregulation of common stimulus-induced pathways with upregulation of the splicing machinery.
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Microbiology and Infectious Disease
Disturbing the microbiota with antibiotics alters gut redox state via changes in electron acceptor availability, setting the stage for post-antibiotic succession.
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