A novel IVDD mechanism that involves p16 is demonstrated and theoretical evidence is provided for effective methods to downregulate p16 and so reverse IVDD.

DunedinPACE is a novel DNA methylation biomarker of the pace of biological aging for intervention trials and natural experiment studies investigating how the rate of aging may be changed by behavioral or drug therapy, or by environmental modification.

Analyses of cell type-specific data show that the maternal alleles of genes related to establishing and breaking seed dormancy are suppressed by different combinations of epigenetic marks in the endosperm of Arabidopsis.

Our work demonstrated that eye opening differentially modulates inhibitory synaptic transmission from Sst-INs and FS-INs to excitatory neurons in the mammalian cortex.

Different Purkinje cell subpopulations show distinct developmental profiles of physiological activity, climbing fiber inputs and axonal and dendritic morphology, matching different timelines of cerebellum-dependent behaviors.

Host CD81 and Scavenger Receptor BI operate independently to mediate invasion of hepatocytes by different species of Plasmodium sporozoites, which use the parasite protein P36 as a key determinant of the entry route.

daf-16/FoxO restructures metabolism during acute starvation to promote synthesis of trehalose, which supports survival as a stress protectant and energy source.

The development of the electrical phenotype of neurons can be precisely quantified and dissected using a combination of multi-variate statistical analyses and a systematic electrophysiological characterization of electrical properties.

The developing neocortex exhibits spontaneous network activity with various synchrony levels, and such activity is selectively required during a critical developmental time window for the formation of long-range axonal projections connecting the two cortical hemispheres.

Within populations, there is standing variation in paralog expression levels, paralog expression levels are heritable, and variation in paralog expression can modify the phenotypes associated with mutation of one of the paralogs.