High-resolution simulations of evolving microbial populations reveal that microscopic epistasis slows the rate of adaptation, while clonal interference can either speed it up or leave it fixed.
The timescale dependence of dN/dS in bacteria is better explained by adaptive than purifying dynamics, suggesting comparative genomics can underestimate past adaptation.
Diverse histories of viral exposure, for example in individuals of different age, makes viral evolution less predictable with features of adaptive and neutral evolution.
In bacteria, frequent adaptive copy-number mutations can hinder the fixation of beneficial point mutations and hence the divergence of duplicated DNA sequences.
Susanne Tilk, Svyatoslav Tkachenko ... Christopher D McFarland
The absence of negative selection observed in most cancer genomes can be explained by the intrinsic genome-wide linkage in somatic evolution and creates a substantial proteotoxic load.
Contrary to intuition that the evolutionary fate of mutation rate modifying alleles is frequency-dependent, neither the strength nor the sign of selection on modifiers depends on initial frequency.
Julia M Kreiner, George Sandler ... Stephen I Wright
The spread of herbicide resistance in one of the most problematic weeds in North America occurs through both recent, repeated mutational origins and gene flow across an international network of agricultural fields.
Cathryn R Cadwell, Federico Scala ... Andreas Savas Tolias
Excitatory cortical neurons with a shared developmental lineage are transcriptomically diverse and preferentially connect to each other vertically, across cortical layers, but not laterally within the same layer.