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KHNYN, a putative endoribonuclease, interacts with the zinc-finger antiviral protein (ZAP) and is required for the inhibition of HIV replication and RNA abundance by CpG dinucleotides.

RNA degradation is completed through specific intermediates, such as diribonucleotides, which must be removed from the cells by a specific enzyme.

Hantavirus spikes are related laterally by 2-fold Gc contacts that can be disulfide-linked and display a temperature-dependent dynamic behavior at neutral pH, exposing and masking the Gc fusion loops.

Legionella pneumophila can be inhibited by its own antimicrobial, HGA (homogentisic acid), but its density-dependent resistance to HGA restricts the potential for self-harm.

RSV's unique ability to co-opt host cell mitochondria to facilitate viral infection reveals the RSV-mitochondrial interface as a viable target for therapeutic intervention.

Communities of bacteria that cause Legionnaire’s disease repel other bacteria by secreting an acid called HGA.

Effect of CCL2 on HIV-1 replication is mediated by mobilization of ALIX from F-actin leading to enhanced virion release and improved fitness and this requires the Gag late motif, LYPX.

Dispensable loops shield the functionally-important extracellular loops of the essential Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane protein LptD from antibody interference.

Modern microorganisms growing in fossils provide major challenges for researchers trying to detect ancient molecules in the same fossils.

In Streptomyces, the nucleoid-associated protein Lsr2 functions as a xenogenic silencer of foreign genes, and as a metabolic gatekeeper, repressing expression of both cryptic and well-studied specialized metabolic biosynthetic clusters.