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Shortened hepatitis C therapy, with retreatment if needed, can reduce antiviral drug use in patients with mild liver disease, but day 2 viral load is not an adequate predictor of outcome.

Physical association between sister replisomes early in the E. coli replication phase promotes rapid fork progression and inhibits fork stalling.

Genetic and microscopy analyses identify a programmed cell death mechanism that kills a cell subpopulation in a bacterial biofilm where oxygen is limiting, thereby promoting dispersion of newborn motile cells through the action of DNA released by dead cells.

In a study of a herpes simplex virus (HSV) vaccine, the combination of sex and prior exposure to the virus resulted in HSV naive women mounting a prominent type I interferon response associated with reduced neutralizing titers to HSV.

Parasites constrict as they propel themselves through the extracellular matrix one body length at a time, in a process highly reminiscent of host cell invasion.

Clinical prediction rules could help identify children at risk of slowed growth after an episode of diarrheal illness, and these rules may be generalizable to all children, regardless of diarrhea status.

Malaria parasites avoid destruction by their host's immune response through systematic and coordinated expression switching between members of a network of variant antigen-encoding genes, a process that is mediated by a uniquely conserved gene called var2csa.

In the setting of CNS infection, meningeal lymphatic drainage promotes dendritic cell and T cell responses in the deep cervical lymph nodes but is not necessary for maintaining control of parasite in the brain.

Genetic and biochemical analyses reveal that the bacterial nucleases PNPase and RNase R work in concert with a type III-A CRISPR-Cas immune system to process small CRISPR RNAs and ensure robust immunity against foreign nucleic acid invaders.

The birth of the antiviral gene APOBEC3B in ancient primates is linked to the evolution of a potent counterdefense by herpesviruses, a host-pathogen interaction maintained to present day.