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A phase transition of TIR-1/SARM1 induced by either pathogen or non-pathogen stress potentiates its intrinsic NADase activity, which activates the p38 PMK-1 signaling cascade to induce protective immune defenses in Caenorhabditis elegans intestinal epithelial cells.

Non-neutralizing antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein’s S2 domain that also recognize widely circulating endemic coronavirus strains are rapidly boosted by natural infection but not vaccination with stabilized spike-based vaccines.

Parallel evolutionary dynamics were found in vivo and in vitro, showing that laboratory studies can be predictive of certain phenotypic outcomes of clinical phage therapy (phage-mediated decolonization).

SPRRs are bactericidal proteins, stimulated in the sebaceous gland by lipopolysaccharide, that defend the host against infection through bacterial membrane binding and disruption.

HIV transmissions into intervention communities from control communities in the Botswana/Ya Tsie trial were similar to the reverse at baseline, and 10 times more common post-baseline, concordant with a predicted benefit of a universal test-and-treat HIV prevention intervention.

Fetal Zika virus’ direct infection of the brain causes neuroanatomical pathology that tracks with the brain development, following a caudal-to-rostral trajectory, even in individuals who do not develop microcephaly.

After myocardial infarction, gut microbiota affects platelet aggregation rate by regulating the absorption and metabolism of ticagrelor.

The intracellular network that distributes iron-sulfur clusters in bacteria is surprisingly 'plug and play' with iron-sulfur enzymes acquired from distantly related species, whereas the intracellular electron transfer network often needs plug adapters to connect with foreign enzymes.

Sera from vaccinated subjects bound additional linear epitopes compared to sera from individuals with mild infection, in addition the pathways of escape from antibodies from vaccination were more uniform than those from mildly infected individuals.

A novel bacterial protease activated by a eukaryote-specific factor attacks a host protein involved in cytoskeleton organization to inhibit cell migration during Legionella pneumophila infection.