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    1. Ecology
    2. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Transmission of West Nile and five other temperate mosquito-borne viruses peaks at temperatures between 23°C and 26°C

    Marta S Shocket, Anna B Verwillow ... Erin A Mordecai
    Mechanistic, trait-based models for transmission of West Nile virus and observed incidence of human West Nile disease cases in the US both show optimal transmission at 24-25°C.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Transport of DNA within cohesin involves clamping on top of engaged heads by Scc2 and entrapment within the ring by Scc3

    James E Collier, Byung-Gil Lee ... Kim A Nasmyth
    Rigorous biochemical and structural analyses reveal the precise topology of cohesin's association with DNA and suggest a mechanism for how DNA is transported inside the ring.
    1. Medicine

    Obesity and diabetes as comorbidities for COVID-19: Underlying mechanisms and the role of viral–bacterial interactions

    Ilja L Kruglikov, Manasi Shah, Philipp E Scherer
    Dysfunctionaladipose tissue puts obese and type 2 diabetic patients at higher risk.
    1. Neuroscience

    Efficient sampling and noisy decisions

    Joseph A Heng, Michael Woodford, Rafael Polania
    An efficient coding theory for higher-level cognitive processes reveals that humans efficiently adapt to contextual distributions by economizing on environmental prior information.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Mutational resilience of antiviral restriction favors primate TRIM5α in host-virus evolutionary arms races

    Jeannette L Tenthorey, Candice Young ... Harmit S Malik
    Mutations in the TRIM5α retrovirus-binding interface frequently improve but rarely disrupt retroviral restriction.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Erasable labeling of neuronal activity using a reversible calcium marker

    Fern Sha, Ahmed S Abdelfattah ... Eric R Schreiter
    Protein engineering of a reversibly switchable fluorescent protein enables post-hoc reversible and repeatable marking of elevated calcium concentrations using blue light.
    1. Neuroscience

    An essential role for MEF2C in the cortical response to loss of sleep in mice

    Theresa E Bjorness, Ashwinikumar Kulkarni ... Robert W Greene
    The transcription factor, MEF2C, mediates a change in approximately one half of the expressed frontal cortical transcriptome controlling cellular metabolism and synaptic strength in response to acute loss of sleep.
    1. Neuroscience

    Mesoscopic-scale functional networks in the primate amygdala

    Jeremiah K Morrow, Michael X Cohen, Katalin M Gothard
    Multivariate data decomposition applied to local field potentials recorded from the primate amygdala revealed simultaneously active and functionally distinct networks, defined by anatomical boundaries between the nuclei.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Cell Biology

    Puromycin reactivity does not accurately localize translation at the subcellular level

    Syed Usman Enam, Boris Zinshteyn ... Rachel Green
    Methods that use puromycin to localize active translation do not actually detect the site of translation.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Cell Biology

    Elongation inhibitors do not prevent the release of puromycylated nascent polypeptide chains from ribosomes

    Benjamin D Hobson, Linghao Kong ... Peter A Sims
    Although puromycin staining is often used to examine subcellular translation, puromycin-labeled proteins are rapidly released from ribosomes even in the presence of elongation inhibitors, which may confound translation site localization.