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Chronic bacteriophages are induced by the supplement of polysaccharide in the deep-sea Lentisphaerae strains, and these bacteriophages potentially reprogram host polysaccharide metabolism through the auxiliary metabolic genes.

The host acts as an important factor to control the phenotypic heterogeneity of individual symbionts.

Klebsiella pneumoniae has specific repertoires of genes required for growth in urine and serum, highlighting new targets for antimicrobial treatments of this important pathogen.

A comprehensive description of gene expression and organisation in the cells that constitute the blood fluke larvae responsible for finding and invading its intermediate host.

Bacteria release ATP as part of their attack in sepsis.

High glucose levels promote CTSL maturation and translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum to the lysosome via the ER-Golgi-lysosome axis.

Genetic and proteomic analyses reveal that the SPARK kinase, which is a regulator of key life-cycle transitions in the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, complexes with an elongin-like protein to regulate several important AGC-family kinases.

By altering which peptide antigens are presented to CD4⁺ T cells, adjuvants affect the specificity of the immune response.

Aminoglycoside tolerance in tricarboxylic acid cycle and electron transport chain mutants does not result from impaired proton motive force and altered drug uptake, but rather from the downregulation of ribosomal proteins, which are primary targets of this drug class.

Population-level hybrid immunity depends substantially on vaccination coverage, including among those previously infected, and dried blood spot collection serves as a practicable biological surveillance platform for these immune responses.