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Key sequence motifs, defined using the first reported structure of a monotopic membrane protein with a reentrant helix, enable identification of new monotopic membrane protein families previously predicted as membrane spanning.

Spatial patterns of lymphoid and myeloid cells in human solid tumors differ between cancer types, yielding a new classification of anti-tumor host response.

The rules of biomechanics consistently influence the tempo (rate) and mode (pattern) of evolution across four-bar linkage systems in animals.

A phylum-specific ATP synthase subunit is needed for proper mitochondrial function and stability of the complex in Toxoplasma gondii.

In triple-layered rotavirus particles, strong interaction between the external and middle layers provides high mechanical strength for protection tasks, while weaker interaction between the middle and inner layers favors transcription.

Standing genetic variation for disease resistance may be continuously lost during recurring warm water episodes because of widespread susceptibility of disease-resistant genotypes to bleaching and the independence between these two traits.

Ploidy-increasing endocycles may represent a tradeoff between loss of regenerative capacity and preservation of tissue architecture.

Host characteristics drive the assembly of similar communities within the convergently evolved and geographically distant pitcher ecosystems of carnivorous pitcher plants.

NSF is part of a membrane trafficking quality control system that disassembles both properly formed and off-pathway SNARE complexes, and the disassembly activity may be regulated by complexin.

A high axonal chloride concentration explains why activation of light-gated chloride channels causes neurotransmitter release, and a novel hybrid somatodendritic targeting motif ameliorates this phenomenon and improves their inhibitory function.