microRNAs can serve as a surveillance system to repress nonsense mRNAs by recognizing miRNA-responsive elements in the open reading frame region downstream of the premature termination codon.

In invertebrate and vertebrate models of Spinal Muscular Atrophy, diminished SMN protein causes Gemin3-dependent decreases in microRNA function, leading to upregulated M2 muscarinic receptor and deleterious consequences.

microRNA-1 plays an essential role in the development and functioning of the heart by ensuring that genes for striated, rather than smooth, muscle are expressed there.

The deletion of Ddx6 results in the translational upregulation, but not transcript stabilization, of microRNA targets in embryonic stem cells while largely phenocopying the overall impact of global microRNA loss.

MicroRNAs stimulate the decay of targeted mRNAs while they are associated with translating ribosomes.

Inhibition of microRNA-203 by oncogenic HRas mutations promotes skin cancer initiation.

Chronic and excessive inflammation can lead to exhaustion of the supply of hematopoietic stem cells and to myeloid malignancies in mice, mimicking important aspects of the myelodysplastic syndrome found in humans.

A cell-free reaction that reconstitutes the selective sorting of a miRNA into exosomes reveals an RNA-binding protein, YBX1, as a critical sorting factor.

Argonaute proteins directly contact adenosine nucleotides in some miRNA target sites, leading to enhanced repression of the target mRNA.