When culturing SARS-CoV-2 in the laboratory it is vital to avoid deletions in the gene for the spike protein that could affect the interpretation of experiments.
John A Buglino, Gaurav D Sankhe ... Michael S Glickman
M. tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes the disease tuberculosis, uses a signaling system that senses multiple products of the host's immune system to modify gene expression to colonize the lung.
ATG9-dependent autophagy is an essential pathway for long-term survival within the cyst in the parasite Toxoplasma gondii and could be exploited in future studies seeking interventions against persistent Toxoplasma infection.
Joseph T Clark, David A Christian ... Christopher A Hunter
Upon Toxoplasma gondii infection, IL-33 plays a critical role in driving early anti-parasite responses by innate lymphoid cells rendered responsive to its effects by infection.
Rita de Cassia Pessotti, Bridget L Hansen ... Matthew F Traxler
The widespread occurrence of metabolically active streptomycetes in Odontotaenius disjunctus beetle frass may insulate their galleries against pathogenic fungal invasion through the production of diverse antimicrobial specialized metabolites.
The structure of gp41with its membrane anchors highlights the flexible linkage of the transmembrane regions and the fuson peptides, which generates an asymmetric conformation, a potential target of MPER bNAbs.