A study that models the evolution of drug resistance in tumors reveals that drugs are more effective when given in combination than sequentially, and that cure is much more likely when the drugs target different pathways.
Longevity in C. elegans is influenced not only by insulin/IGF-1 signalling, but also by CAMKII and calcineurin, acting on the same target, the transcription factor DAF-16.
In contrast to current models, inputs from midbrain limbic structures, but not from the hippocampus, are necessary for mammillary body contributions to memory.
The eye produces a protein that inhibits the growth of blood vessels in the deep retina, which includes the photoreceptor layer, and disruption of this process can lead to blindness.
Corentin Claeys Bouuaert, Karen Lipkow ... Ronald Chalmers
A DNA transposon, or ‘jumping gene’, controls its amplification within a genome through a competition between the enzyme multimers that are responsible for its mobility.
The divergence of gene regulation during evolution in yeast traces phylogenetic distance with prominent changes being associated with changes in lifestyle and a whole genome duplication event.
William S Kruesi, Leighton J Core ... Barbara J Meyer
C. elegans equalizes the expression of X-chromosome genes between the sexes by reducing the recruitment of RNA polymerase II to promoters of X-linked genes in hermaphrodites, using a chromosome-restructuring complex called condensin.
Kasper R Andersen, Evgeny Onischenko ... Thomas U Schwartz
Components of the nuclear pore complex share structural and functional features with soluble nuclear transport receptors, which suggests that there may be an evolutionary relationship between these two types of protein.
When a protein involved in DNA repair malfunctions, it can anneal RNA molecules to DNA molecules, creating hybrids that increase the frequency of mutations in the DNA.
Ruifen Weng, Jacqueline SR Chin ... Stephen M Cohen
A small RNA molecule called miR-124 controls pheromone production and sexual behaviour in Drosophila by regulating sex-specific gene expression in males.
The cisternae of the Golgi contain two functionally distinct domains: the central areas, which remain stationary, and the edges or rims, which are mobile.
Cryo-electron microscopy has been used to provide a structural interpretation of the complete action cycle of release factor 3 during translation termination, which includes a coordinated sequence of interactions with a class-I release factor and the ribosome.
Maria Gutierrez-Arcelus, Tuuli Lappalainen ... Emmanouil T Dermitzakis
Detailed analysis of umbilical cord cells shows that the associations between DNA methylation, gene expression and genetic variation are complex and context-dependent.
Dipayan Chaudhuri, Yasemin Sancak ... David E Clapham
Genetic and electrophysiological experiments reveal that a gene called MCU encodes the ion channel pore that allows calcium ions to cross the inner mitochondrial membrane.
