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Whole-night fMRI-based sleep classification uncovers distinct substates within N2 and REM sleep stages, along with a transition structure between them.

The cryo-EM structure of the CG6765 BTB domain and solution scattering experiments revealed a unique three-dimer hexameric assembly for the arthropod Tramtrack group BTB domains.

The autobiographical memory deficits seen in aphantasia are reflected by altered activation and connectivity patterns of the hippocampus and occipital cortex, corroborating the strong link between memory and mental imagery.

GDNF receptor-expressing mesenchymal progenitor subpopulation within skeletal muscle responds to peripheral nerve injury by sensing GDNF and secreting BDNF, thereby directly promoting nerve regeneration through facilitating remyelination by Schwann cells.

A primary constraint for mitochondrial repression is access to cytosolic inorganic phosphate, which is determined by the glycolytic flux rate.

Exchange of components between biomolecular condensates and the surrounding dilute phase can be limited by dense-phase mixing, dilute-phase influx, or by the slow incorporation of molecules through the condensate interface.

Antigenic drift in influenza’s major surface proteins, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, contributes to variability in epidemic magnitude across seasons but is less influential than subtype interference in shaping annual outbreaks.

A computational neural network model leverages a simple unsupervised learning principle to account for recent findings on when memories move apart (differentiate) or together (integrate) in the brain.

An enhancer-dependent transcriptional machinery finely tunes the expression of Ctnnb1 in intestinal crypts, thereby balancing homeostasis and tumorigenesis of intestinal epithelia.

Repurposing of a drug designed for pain relief can quickly and reversibly slow biochemical and metabolic activities in cells and organs and could facilitate organ transplantation and prevent tissue injury.