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Local sensory signals in visual and frontal cortex play a causal role in task performance, while widespread dorsal cortical signals correlating with movement reflect processes that do not.

In a fast brainstem relay controlling hearing sensitivity, descending synaptic control from midbrain provides the dominant source of excitation, due to a distinct form of synaptic plasticity.

Bayesian survival analysis reveals comprehensive efficacy profile and mechanism of action for Sanofi-Pasteur’s CYD-TDV dengue vaccine, whereby vaccination acts as a silent, disease-free infection enhancing disease risk in seronegatives, but giving greater immunity in seropositives than two natural infections.

Plasmodium falciparum K13 mutations confer resistance to the antimalarial artemisinin in Asian and African parasites, with most gene-edited mutant K13 African parasite lines showing a fitness cost that may predict slow dissemination of artemisinin resistance in high-transmission settings.

The piRNA pathway regulates satellite DNAs in the Drosophila melanogaster germline and affects heterochromatin establishment at pericentromeric satellite DNA in embryos, implying a general role for piRNAs in ensuring genome stability.

Selection by national-level antibiotic consumption and vaccination trends drives atypical recombinations, frequently resulting in interspecies sequence exchange at many sites across a bacterial species’ chromosome.

Large-scale retrospective analysis suggests medications and dietary supplements, such as rosuvastatin, ezetimibe, ubiquinone, risedronate, vitamin D, and magnesium, are associated with a lower rate of severe COVID-19 disease.

The flow of neural activity across the cortico-cerebellar loop enables mice to reach for objects with skill and precision.

Autoinhibition allows synaptic endocytic actin regulators to pre-deploy to synaptic membranes at high concentrations and constrains actin assembly to productive events.

Emergent property inference, a novel machine learning methodology, learns distributions of neural circuit model parameters that produce computational properties and provides novel scientific insight through the quantification of the rich parametric structure it captures.