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Secondary metabolites rocaglates produced by plants lead to a plant‒fungus tug-of-war, utilizing unique amino acid substitutions in eIF4A, a target of the compounds.

In the marine midge Clunio marinus, sympatric ecological population divergence with gene flow is based on at least four genetic loci, which partially overlap with large chromosomal inversions.

Sweet and umami taste receptors are capable of sensing chloride ions, a component of table salt other than the salty taste-inducing component, sodium ions, and induce preferable taste sensations such as sweet taste.

Baltic and Arctic ecotypes of the marine midge Clunio emerged from a recent adaptive radiation, which is based on standing genetic variation at many loci involved in time-keeping and nervous system development.

A new type of biologically constrained spiking neural network model applied to the dorsal raphe nucleus shows that the output of the serotonin system reflects not just its raw input, but mainly how quickly its input changes over time.

Integrated analysis of transcriptional profiles from mice carrying distinct Mecp2 mutant alleles revealed that MeCP2 regulates Gdf11 expression in the brain, and that Gdf11 is a dosage-sensitive gene whose levels impact neuronal function and animal behavior.

Bacillus thuringiensis crystalline toxins used as microbial pesticides disrupt the homeostasis of intestinal cells of the non-target Drosophila melanogaster.

Transcriptomic comparison of inflammatory and steady-state osteoclasts reveals differences in their ability to sense their environment, which makes it possible to selectively inhibit inflammatory osteoclastogenesis and reduce bone loss in osteoporosis.

When genes and environment are controlled, mice still develop stable differences in behavior, which are associated with large-scale differences in brain structure and connectivity.

Extremely significant interactions between α3-β7 and β12-α5 loops in the tetrameric L1 metallo-β-lactamase play an important role in the structural remodeling of the active site and offer insights into the potential for novel drug development by exploiting these interactions.