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The prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 regulates the Treg development and function in a hypoxia-inducible factor 2α-dependent manner.

Combined optogenetic and computer modeling approaches reveal how mechanical bistability of the mesoderm epithelium works jointly with apical constriction to facilitate mesoderm invagination in Drosophila, a well-characterized model for epithelial folding.

The deposition of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine epigenetic marks in active genes promotes the annealing of the nascent RNA to the template DNA strand, forming an R-loop.

Protracted systemic and microvascular inflammation, as well as high anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels, is associated with a high risk of persistent structural and functional lung deficits 6 months after COVID-19.

Cortical dynein performs bulk cytoplasmic transport by gliding microtubules along the cell cortex and through the ring canals to the oocyte.

The intracellular network that distributes iron-sulfur clusters in bacteria is surprisingly 'plug and play' with iron-sulfur enzymes acquired from distantly related species, whereas the intracellular electron transfer network often needs plug adapters to connect with foreign enzymes.

An atmospheric trigger, the respirable particulate matter boost microglia pathogenic activities in the context of CNS demyelination by activating TLR-4/NF-kB signaling axis in animal models of immune- and toxicity-induced demyelination, as well as myelinogenesis during postnatal development.

Cryo-EM structures of the eukaryotic clamp loader illustrate the large conformational changes that the clamp loader ATPase undergoes to open the circular sliding clamp and place it onto primer–template DNA.

fMRI and high-density ECoG recordings reveal a hierarchical gradient along the auditory pathway for auditory sequence processing in the marmoset brain.

Allele-specific expression, natural antisense transcripts, and developmental gene expression, but not RNA editing or developmental hourglass, act in concert to shape the transcriptome during the fruiting body formation of complex multicellular fungi.