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Why do some inhibitors select the on-state in ERK2, a kinase that is involved in many signaling pathways in cells, whereas others bind to more than one conformation?

The larvae of an annelid worm use nitric oxide signalling to activate the neural pathways needed to swim away from the harmful ultraviolet light of the sun.

A range of experiments suggests that creatine, a molecule known for recycling ATP in muscle and brain tissue, may also function as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.

Individual species of bacteria and yeast present in the food of wild fruit flies work together to provide the nutrients needed for larval growth.

Experiments on tropical trees suggest that new mutations in plants are driven by age rather than number of cell divisions during growth.

Experiments on female fruit flies reveal more about the molecular mechanisms involved as germline stem cells transition to become egg cells.

High proportions of gut bacteria that produce their own food can be an indicator for poor gut health.

An unexpected interaction between a long non-coding RNA locus and a genetic insulator called Fub-1 has an important role in gene regulation during development in Drosophila.

Interactions between an enzyme kinase, an ion channel and cytoskeletal proteins maintain the structure of synapses involved in memory formation.

Experiments on worms suggest that a statistical measure called the G matrix can accurately predict how phenotypes will adapt to a novel environment over multiple generations.