Aging, Geroscience and Longevity: A Special Issue

Collection

1. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

   Longitudinal trajectories, correlations and mortality associations of nine biological ages across 20-years follow-up

   Xia Li et al.

   Biological ages have the potential to provide aging-related information beyond chronological age and can be predictive of mortality independently of both chronological age and different types of biological ages.
2. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
   2. Genetics and Genomics

   Pan-mammalian analysis of molecular constraints underlying extended lifespan

   Amanda Kowalczyk et al.

   Cancer control, DNA repair, and immunity are key functionalities underlying the evolution of extended lifespan in mammals.
3. 1. Genetics and Genomics

   Germline burden of rare damaging variants negatively affects human healthspan and lifespan

   Anastasia V Shindyapina et al.

   Rare highly damaging mutations that are present in most human genomes decrease lifespan and are associated with an earlier onset of chronic diseases.
4. 1. Cell Biology
   2. Immunology and Inflammation

   Rapamycin rejuvenates oral health in aging mice

   Jonathan Y An et al.

   Short-term treatment with rapamycin reverses periodontal bone loss, attenuates inflammation, and remodels the oral microbiome toward a more youthful state.
5. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

   Quantification of the pace of biological aging in humans through a blood test, the DunedinPoAm DNA methylation algorithm

   Daniel W Belsky et al.

   Methylation pace of aging is a novel measure requiring only a blood sample that clinical-trial and observational studies can use to test if treatments modify how fast participants are aging.
6. 1. Genetics and Genomics

   mRNA decapping is an evolutionarily conserved modulator of neuroendocrine signaling that controls development and ageing

   Fivos Borbolis et al.

   mRNA decapping function in neuronal cells regulates neurosecretion and intertissue signaling, affecting developmental and ageing processes in two model organisms.
7. 1. Cell Biology
   2. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

   Opposing p53 and mTOR/AKT promote an in vivo switch from apoptosis to senescence upon telomere shortening in zebrafish

   Mounir El Maï et al.

   Telomere shortening with age promotes a switch from p53-dependent apoptosis to senescence prompted by tissue damage that triggers conflicting mTOR/AKT signalling, lower OxPhos defences and ROS, mitochondria dysfunction and senescence.
8. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
   2. Genetics and Genomics

   Translational control of one-carbon metabolism underpins ribosomal protein phenotypes in cell division and longevity

   Nairita Maitra et al.

   Extensive molecular profiling shows how loss of highly similar, paralogous ribosomal proteins lead to distinct phenotypic outputs, through translational control of specific mRNAs.
9. 1. Medicine

   Late-life restoration of mitochondrial function reverses cardiac dysfunction in old mice

   Ying Ann Chiao et al.

   Mitochondrial-targeted SS-31 peptide ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and rescues pre-existing cardiac dysfunction in old mice, supporting the translational potential of mitochondrial protective interventions to treat age-related diseases.
10. 1. Genetics and Genomics

    Ovariectomy uncouples lifespan from metabolic health and reveals a sex-hormone-dependent role of hepatic mTORC2 in aging

    Sebastian I Arriola Apelo et al.

    Metabolic health and longevity can be separated by ovariectomy, which also protects female mice lacking hepatic mTORC2 from midlife mortality.
11. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Changes in ferrous iron and glutathione promote ferroptosis and frailty in aging Caenorhabditis elegans

    Nicole L Jenkins et al.

    As worms age reduced glutathione together with increased ferrous iron increases frailty and leads to ferroptosis, which is amenable to therapeutic intervention.
12. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Medicine

    Senotherapeutic drugs for human intervertebral disc degeneration and low back pain

    Hosni Cherif et al.

    Targeting senescent cells in human intervertebral discs, using senotherapeutics, provides a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent or reduce disc degeneration and pain.
13. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Intra-species differences in population size shape life history and genome evolution

    David Willemsen et al.

    Population genetics in turquoise killifish wild populations reveals how small population size and genetic drift determine the accumulation of deleterious gene variants leading to short lifespan.
14. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    A rat epigenetic clock recapitulates phenotypic aging and co-localizes with heterochromatin

    Morgan Levine et al.

    The first epigenetic clock for rats was developed and revealed to reflect phenotypic aging and captured the effects of longevity interventions.
15. 1. Cancer Biology
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    The effects of age and systemic metabolism on anti-tumor T cell responses

    Jefte M Drijvers et al.

    A comprehensive literature review delineates the current knowledge of how systemic context, such as age and obesity, can impact CD8⁺ T cell function, anti-tumor immunity, and immunotherapy responsiveness.
16. 1. Cell Biology

    Polo-like kinase acts as a molecular timer that safeguards the asymmetric fate of spindle microtubule-organizing centers

    Laura Matellán et al.

    Molecular and cell biology analyses reveal novel roles of Polo-like kinases in establishing non-random segregation patterns of spindle-associated microtubule-organizing centers during mitosis, a phenomenon linked with replicative cell aging.
17. 1. Cell Biology

    Casein kinase 1G2 suppresses necroptosis-promoted testis aging by inhibiting receptor-interacting kinase 3

    Dianrong Li et al.

    Casein kinase 1G2 interacts with and inhibits the activation of receptor-interacting kinase 3, RIP3, in response to TNF and toll-like receptor family members and attenuates its necroptosis signaling activity.
18. 1. Neuroscience

    Small molecule cognitive enhancer reverses age-related memory decline in mice

    Karen Krukowski et al.

    Inhibition of the integrated stress response restores neuronal and immune dysfunction and alleviates memory deficits in aged mice.
19. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

    Autophagy in T cells from aged donors is maintained by spermidine and correlates with function and vaccine responses

    Ghada Alsaleh et al.

    Declining TFEB and autophagy levels with age are key to poor vaccination efficacy in the elderly.
20. 1. Genetics and Genomics

    Downregulation of the tyrosine degradation pathway extends Drosophila lifespan

    Andrey A Parkhitko et al.

    The tyrosine degradation pathway reprogramming connects mitochondrial dysfunction, aging, and production of tyrosine-derived neuromediators that can be targeted with an FDA-approved drug, Tigecycline.
21. 1. Cell Biology

    Reduction of elevated proton leak rejuvenates mitochondria in the aged cardiomyocyte

    Huiliang Zhang et al.

    The primary respiratory defect seen in aged cardiomyocytes is an elevated proton leak mediated by ANT1, and this is prevented by treatment with SS-31 (elamipretide).
22. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Neuroscience

    Cell non-autonomous regulation of health and longevity

    Hillary A Miller et al.

    Modulation of the aging process through cell signaling represents a recent and exciting area of study with the potential for development of therapeutics to extend human health.
23. 1. Developmental Biology

    Optogenetic control of gut bacterial metabolism to promote longevity

    Lucas A Hartsough et al.

    Light controls can fine tune microbiome–host interaction to qualitatively regulate host longevity with temporal and spatial precision.
24. 1. Medicine

    Health benefits attributed to 17α-estradiol, a lifespan-extending compound, are mediated through estrogen receptor α

    Shivani N Mann et al.

    17α-Estradiol, a life-span extending compound, signals through estrogen receptor α (ERα) in the liver and hypothalamus to elicit health benefits in a sex-specific manner.
25. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Medicine

    A dietary sterol trade-off determines lifespan responses to dietary restriction in Drosophila melanogaster females

    Brooke Zanco et al.

    Micronutrients, not macronutrients, regulate lifespan.
26. 1. Genetics and Genomics

    Drosophila serotonin 2A receptor signaling coordinates central metabolic processes to modulate aging in response to nutrient choice

    Yang Lyu et al.

    Dietary choice per se is sufficient to modulate aging in Drosophila and through serotonergic control of peripheral metabolism.
27. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Medicine

    Research: A new era for research into aging

    Matt Kaeberlein, Jessica K Tyler

    eLife is publishing a special issue on aging, geroscience and longevity to mark the rapid progress made in this field over the past decade, both in terms of mechanistic understanding and translational approaches that are poised to have clinical impact on age-related diseases.
28. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    A physicochemical perspective of aging from single-cell analysis of pH, macromolecular and organellar crowding in yeast

    Sara N Mouton et al.

    In mitotically aging yeast cells, the cytosol acidifies, the distances between the organellar membranes decrease dramatically, but crowding on the scale of the average size protein is relatively stable.