Morgane Vandendoren, Jason G Landen ... Adam Nelson
Oxytocin neurons couple physiological warming to behavioral arousal, revealing a homeostatic mechanism that coordinates transitions between low- and high-energy states.
Simulation-based inference predicts putative circuit mechanisms of hyperexcitability in a phenomenological microcircuit simulator with more than 30 free intrinsic and synaptic parameters.
The interaction of important signaling pathway members identified through in silico and in vitro approaches provides a model that suggests local receptor multimerization through bridging functions of various ligands.
A large-scale convergence gradient and a fine-scale divergence gradient in cortical architecture capture visual hierarchy, areal boundaries, and behavior, uncovering an undescribed retinotopic representation in anterior temporal cortex.
Janne Ina Nold, Tahmine Fadai ... Christian Büchel
Physical fitness may explain individual variability in exercise-related pain modulation, particularly for heat pain while sex may not substantially influence these responses across conditions.
The supraspinal system of larval zebrafish has been described, uncovering spinal projections from the telencephalon, mesencephalon, and rhombencephalon, as well as numerous motor and neuromodulatory nuclei conserved with mammals.
Mapping the molecular interactions between polymyxins and hPepT2 enables rational design of safer lipopeptide antibiotics with reduced renal toxicity while retaining antibacterial activity.
In the presence of emulated cone loss, eye movements are used to gather and integrate information, leading to improved letter acuity compared to a non-moving condition.
Ishmael Nii Ayibontey Tagoe, Amanpreet Kaur ... Malini Raghavan
Endoplasmic reticulum and cytosolic calcium levels, and store-operated calcium entry, are comparable in calreticulin-deficient cells rescued with either wild-type calreticulin or the myeloproliferative neoplasm-linked Del52 mutant.
Sung Hoon Cho, Shawna K Brookens ... Mark R Boothby
Genetic and biochemical analyses reveal a way to overcome the metabolic flexibility of B cells and undermine their cytokine receptor signaling and differentiation into antibody-secreting cells, therapeutic targets in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Structural and biochemical analyses reveal how E. coli FtsEX accommodates EnvC asymmetry to regulate amidase activation during bacterial cell division.
Mayra Patricia Garcia Alcala, Josiah C Kratz, Philippe Cluzel
Surprisingly, monitoring single bacteria expressing constitutive or flagellar genes reveals faster growth, a benefit driven by inherited, cost-free growth factors, whereas bulk measurements show an expected net fitness cost.
During the establishment of size-based dominance hierarchies in clown anemonefish, an individual's social context shapes its growth trajectory through coordinated changes in feeding behavior, aggressive behaviors, and gene expression.
Fidel Emmanuel Serrano, Bianca Ruppert ... Michael Brunner
In light of recent observations of how CK1δ is dynamically regulated, kinase activity and abundance are also regulated throughout the cell cycle primarily through phosphorylation at the C-terminal tail.
Ying Pang, Bastian Klußmann-Fricke ... Gregor Bucher
In insects, foxQ2 is part of the genetic code that specifies neurons contributing to the higher-order brain centers, including dopaminergic and other fast-acting neurons.
Planetary and habitat-specific environmental cues combine to induce rapid and extensive changes in chromatin state and gene expression necessary for larval settlement and metamorphosis in the marine sponge Amphimedon queenslandica.
Kleio Petratou, Martin Stehling ... Stefan Schulte-Merker
Computational analyses of large datasets and molecular dissection reveal the promoter organisation of the osteoblast marker entpd5a and suggest novel regulators of osteogenesis.
Michael Lohse, Oliver M Gauld ... Robert AA Campbell
A validated, open design brings programmable non-invasive photostimulation of multiple cortical areas in behaving mice to labs without expertise in optics or software design.
High-resolution structural information can be recovered from proteins well below the conventional cryo-electron microscopy size range, substantially extending the range of complexes accessible to structural analysis.
Niklas Krick, Jacob J Davies ... Matthias Landgraf
Within the locomotor network of the Drosophila embryo, connected elements, from premotor interneuron to muscle, respond differentially to a critical period perturbation, suggesting a sequence of adjustment.
Mid-zone hepatocytes transiently pause proliferation through the Atf4-Chop-Btg2 axis to prioritize survival over regeneration during early acute liver injury.
Inhibition of Nav1.7 sodium channels in human dorsal root ganglion neurons had larger effects to reduce threshold and upstroke velocity of action potentials compared to Nav1.8 inhibition but smaller effects to reduce repetitive firing of action potentials.
Alex Zilinskas, Amir Balakhmet ... Sarah A Stanley
Mycobacterium tuberculosis uses its type VII secretion system and surface lipid phthiocerol dimycocerosate to suppress protective host Th17 cell responses.
Representations from models that explicitly encode semantic roles (who did what to whom) align better with activity in language regions of the brain than representations from transformers do.
Vincent Richter, Tilman Triphan ... Andreas S Thum
Comprehensive ultrastructural reconstruction of the Drosophila larval pharyngeal sensory system reveals the organization and diversity of its sensory structures and enables future investigations into sensory processing, feeding decisions, and behavior.
Recording the spiking activity of muscle fibers at high resolution in awake, behaving mice, reveals that locomotor speed is driven by highly variable subsets of motor units.
Md Zubayer Hossain Saad, William G Ryan ... Bruce A Bamber
An odorant is encoded in the periphery as independent inputs of attractive and repulsive valence, which are then integrated and balanced to drive overall chemotactic behavior.
Naturally occurring bacterial endosymbionts can modify population growth, crop damage, and dispersal in the Russian wheat aphid, a major pest of cereal crops, highlighting their potential for sustainable pest management.
Marc E Normandin, Pedro M Ogallar ... Isabel A Muzzio
Stable and dynamic prelimbic neurons preserve threat-generalization gradients despite ensemble turnover, supporting enduring representations of stimulus significance rather than freezing.
Kristopher T Jensen, Peter T Doohan ... Timothy E Behrens
Recently discovered sequence representations in prefrontal cortex can be combined with the ubiquitous principle of neural attractor dynamics to support planning in complex environments.
Violations of strong memory-based predictions trigger a cascade of changes in cognitive control, attention, and arousal, with differential impacts on the encoding of unexpected information into memory.
Jitendra Kumar, Shravan K Uppulapu ... Santosh Kumar
SUMO2ylation of redox protein p66Shc drives endothelial dysfunction by promoting oxidative stress, identifying a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease.
Human forebrain organoids reveal that amyloid-driven microglia recruit killer T cells via CCL5, forming a self-amplifying neuroinflammatory loop targetable by CCR5 or CXCR3 blockade.
In mammalian neocortex, opposing Krüppel-like factor (KLF) transcription factors first activate and then repress a genetic program related to axon outgrowth, potentially contributing to loss of cortical axon outgrowth in the adult.
Syntaxin11 directly controls a novel step in the activation of calcium channels, which helps activate genes and kill infected cells by a process distinct from moving cargo inside cells.
The activity of Dcp-1, one of Drosophila executioner caspases, is selectively regulated by the autophagy–Bruce axis, which enables distinct non–lethal functions for promoting tissue growth independent of cell death.
Genetic lineage tracing and live-cell imaging demonstrate that NeuroD1 does not convert microglia into neurons but instead promotes microglial apoptosis, challenging claims of in situ glia-to-neuron conversion.
Adhithi R Raghavan, Kieron May ... Andreas Hochwagen
Meiotic axis protein deposition and double-strand break formation near yeast chromosome ends are regulated by multiple distinct layers of regulation, including the chromatin modifiers Sir2/3 and Dot1.
Specialized anterior intestinal cells in Caenorhabditis elegans act as sentinels, regulating pathogen responses and linking food availability to gut peptide secretion through pyruvate metabolism.
Carrying 'teaching' signals and modulating movement, two highly conserved functions of the dopaminergic system across all animals, are brought about by the same individual dopaminergic neurons in an insect larva.
Perceptual metamers reveal that the visual system averages luminance over a spatial extent four times smaller than spectral energy, but such estimates depend critically on experimental design choices.
Robert Naudascher, Stefano Brizzolara ... Roman Stocker
Juvenile brown trout rapidly respond to fine-scale temperature disturbances, demonstrating behavioral mechanisms that support resilience to sudden thermal disruptions in freshwater ecosystems.
Gluconeogenesis rescues insects from glycogen phosphorylase suppression, establishing metabolic redundancy as a key consideration for insecticide target selection.
Allosteric transition between two disulfide configurations of NK cell receptor KIR2DL4 is a functional switch that controls receptor residence at the cell surface for binding and internalization of soluble HLA-G.
A saw-like proboscis, forceful pulling movements, and precise targeting of softer skin sites allow tsetse flies to draw blood from remarkably diverse vertebrate hosts.
Passive recordings miss patterns of brain activity that fade before they can be observed, but perturbations designed to re-excite those patterns make estimates of neural connections far more accurate.
Katherine X Dong, Yanbo Zhang ... Colleen N McLaughlin
Systematic dissection of Rab GTPase function in developing neurons reveals that early and recycling endosome-associated Rabs regulate largely distinct aspects of neuronal morphogenesis and circuit assembly across developmental time.
Iulia Rusu, Zachary T Cecere ... Sreekanth H Chalasani
Computational and theoretical analyses reveal that Caenorhabditis elegans whole-brain activity can be represented in an 8-dimensional hyperbolic manifold that hierarchically links sensory ON/OFF inputs to motor states, providing a compact geometric framework for how a nervous system processes sensory information.
Sci-L3-Strand-seq uncovers sister chromatid exchange as a frequent hidden outcome of Cas9-induced breaks, revealing genome-editing consequences that are invisible to conventional sequencing, and can be associated with structural variations.
Co-folding methods accurately place and rank ligands within an optimization series, yet fail to separate true binders from docking false positives, suggesting complementary roles in drug discovery.
Low-frequency depression, an understudied form of synaptic plasticity, is proposed to reflect a reorganization of synaptic vesicles inside the readily releasable pool.
Resting-state MEG reveals a replicable, full-frequency profile of ageing that offers a foundation for comparing and validating brain health biomarkers although detecting specific effects requires careful consideration of statistical power.
Glutamine drives its own synthetase to assemble into inhibitory filaments, linking product concentration directly to a conformational switch that gates the active site.
Connectome-level analysis of the Drosophila neuroendocrine system reveals the organizational logic by which the brain integrates sensory information to regulate hormonal signaling.
Nicole Foxworth, Julie Wells ... Maria Loscertales
Genetic and functional analyses identify SVEP1 as an extracellular matrix regulator that coordinates airway branching, smooth muscle differentiation, and alveolar maturation during lung development.
Pedro Pessoa, Carol Yunxiao Slayton ... Steve Presse
Conventional colony counting obscures bacterial population structure by conflating biological heterogeneity with stochastic noise from dilution and plating, which can be separated by explicitly modeling the measurement process.
VBIT-4 perturbs lipid membranes without detectably affecting VDAC1 channels or oligomerization, calling for careful interpretation of its biological effects and highlighting the need to assess membrane interactions of hydrophobic compounds.
A desolvation-aware coarse-grained framework enables efficient and physically realistic modeling of biomolecular phase separation by capturing water-mediated effects on phase behavior, dense-phase packing, conformational reorganization, and dynamics.
Spatial clustering of mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteins finds proteins that are involved in antibiotic resistance, and predicts which mutations cause resistance.
Saurabh Thapliyal, Parvathi Sushama Gopinath, Dominique A Glauser
Nutritional state dynamically reshapes sensory processing to prioritize behavioral responses, revealing the plastic coupling of sensation, internal state, and behavior.
Christopher J Graser, Wenbo Wu ... Franziska Michor
Evolutionary modeling reveals that punctuated bursts of mutations facilitate fitness-valley crossing in cancer, promoting multi-step adaptation across complex fitness landscapes.
The circadian photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME selectively inhibits sleep under short winter day length by tuning down GABAergic tone within pacemaker neuron network.
Helen Wang, Vinothkumar Rajan ... Juan Carlos Zúñiga-Pflücker
Two thymic macrophage subsets differ in developmental origin and specialize in apoptotic-cell clearance or immune signaling, linking the thymic myeloid niche to progression through the early β-selection-associated checkpoint.
Diverse insect movement behaviours, from scans, pirouettes, and loops to sweeping oscillations, can emerge from conserved neural circuits, with forward speed balancing goal-directed travel against exploratory sampling.
Nuclear A/B compartments are dramatically remodeled by S‑phase entry and weaken in G2, revising the model of cell‑cycle chromatin dynamics and placing G1/S as a key transition.
High-throughput monitoring of glucose-evoked calcium oscillations in uniform 3D β-cell spheroids enables efficient discovery of compounds that enhance insulin secretion.
CD1c-autoreactive T-cells couple infection-associated lipid recognition with cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity, revealing a previously underappreciated arm of human immunity to tuberculosis.
Pedro A Perez, Chung-Chih Liu ... Supriya Srinivasan
NK2R is a molecular switch linking tachykinin signaling to intestinal lipid handling, mucosal inflammation and gut microbiota, positioning NK2R-targeted peptide therapeutics for cardiometabolic and inflammatory bowel diseases.
A type VI secretion system transferred between gut bacteria via a mobile genetic element stabilizes its native host strain, but yields only transient benefits in a new species.
Hugo T Chow-Wing-Bom, Matteo Lisi ... Tessa M Dekker
Model‑based fMRI contrast‑sensitivity mapping provides a fixation‑tolerant, large‑field measure of cortical visual function that sensitively detects, localizes, and tracks visual field loss and recovery.
Integrating genome-wide maps of chromatin accessibility and sequence conservation provides an accessible low-cost approach for identifying cis-regulatory elements in large genomes, validated in the emerging model Parhyale.
The anterior cingulate cortex selectively reorganizes communication with superficial CA1 neurons during sharp-wave ripples to balance memory consolidation following new learning.
Blair RK Shevlin, Loren Gianini ... Laura A Berner
In bulimia nervosa, negative affect exaggerates a taste-before-health bias in food decision-making, and this bias is associated with more frequent out-of-control eating.
