Musashi-mediated post-transcriptional mechanisms regulate glucuronoxylan modification and secondary cell wall formation in the supportive fibre cells of stem in plants.
Vikrant K Bhosle, Chunxiang Sun ... Lisa A Robinson
SLIT2, a prototypic neuro-repellent, spatiotemporally coordinates host defense against Staphylococcus aureus infection by priming neutrophils and stimulating release of reactive oxygen species and secondary and tertiary granules, potently enhancing bactericidal actions of neutrophils.
George Zacharopoulos, Francesco Sella ... Roi Cohen Kadosh
A novel integrative biological and psychological mechanistic explanation links cognitive processes and neurotransmitters across human development and establishes their involvement in intelligent behavior.
Elliott L Paine, Jack J Skalicky ... Wesley I Sundquist
Biochemical, structural, imaging, and functional studies reveal how the ESCRT-III protein IST1 recruits the CAPN7 cysteine protease to midbodies, where its proteolytic activity is required for efficient abscission and NoCut checkpoint arrest.
Experimental manipulations and a mechanical model of the fiber reveal that the Reissner fiber is under heterogenous tension in vivo, and interacts with the motile cilia of diverse cells contacting the cerebrospinal fluid.
Mariana R Melo, Alexander D Wykes ... Andrew M Allen
The pre-Bötzinger complex, known as the kernel for the breathing generation, consists of separate subpopulations of neurons that project to specific nuclei to coordinate respiratory rhythmicity with different physiological behaviors, such as nasofacial activity.
Structured illumination microscopy reveals that the hierarchical development of complex honeycomb-like nanostructures within the lumen of some swallowtail butterfly wing scales proceeds via a novel reorganization of disintegrating F-actin bundles.
Hironori Funabiki, Isabel E Wassing ... Thomas Carroll
Coevolution analysis suggests that a DNA methylation-related role for the nucleosome remodeling ATPase HELLS and its activator CDCA7 was broadly inherited from the last eukaryotic common ancestor.
Circulating high-molecular-weight (cHMW) adiponectin levels increased with age until centenarians, and the contribution of known major factors associated with cHMW adiponectin levels including BMI varied with age, suggesting that its physiological significance also varies with age in the oldest old.
An antagonism between Spinophilin and Syd-1 converge on presynaptic actin to control presynaptic plasticity and memory consolidation in the Drosophila mushroom body.
Franziska Grathwol, Christian Roos ... Gisela H Kopp
The first sequenced mitogenome of a mummified non-human primate connects an Egyptian baboon dated to ca. 800–540 BCE to modern baboon populations in Eritrea, Ethiopia, and eastern Sudan, providing evidence for Egyptian–Adulite trade centuries earlier than current archaeological evidence.
Nina Gubensäk, Theo Sagmeister ... Tea Pavkov-Keller
The sensory regulatory system of the cholera causative involves the detection of bile acids by direct interaction with the inner membrane protein complex formed by ToxR and ToxS, thereby inducing concentration-dependent structural changes.
Morphological profiling of untreated HCT116 cells using Cell Painting reveals a signature of bortezomib resistance, providing a proof-of-concept for the unbiased analysis of drug resistance.
Federico G Segala, Aurelio Bruno ... Daniel H Baker
Binocular combination of luminance signals exhibits strong interocular suppression in pathways governing the pupil response, and weak interocular suppression in cortical pathways subserving perception.
Hypotheses on brain homologies between insects and vertebrates are tested by comparing gene expression patterns from flies and beetles with those from vertebrates at early neuroectoderm stages.
Experimental data and computational simulations reveal a new functional model, that is 'Triple-control' for the basal ganglia pathways in action selection.
Chemical modifications of steroidal glycoalkaloids of potato can cause strong resistance against the necrotrophic early blight fungus as well as the Colorado potato beetle.
When walking flies are shown bright, high-contrast rotating visual stimuli, they begin to turn in the direction opposite the rotation, showing that optomotor turning behavior contains rich, stimulus-dependent dynamics.
Meghan Jelen, Pierre-Yves Musso ... Michael D Gordon
Closed-loop pairing of taste stimuli with optogenetic activation of neurons encoding either reward or punishment reveals that flies can form both appetitive and aversive taste memories that impact their future behavioral responses to tastes.
Bhoomi Madhu, Mohammed Farhan Lakdawala, Tina L Gumienny
The C. elegans canonical DBL1/TGFβ signaling pathway is not only regulated in response to bacterial challenges, but also appropriately tailors behaviors and molecular immune responses to bacterial challenges, and animals lacking DBL1 respond to specific bacteria as more harmful.
Xarxa Quiroga, Nikhil Walani ... Pere Roca-Cusachs
Cell stretch release generates plasma membrane (PM) evaginations of ≈100 nm, triggering a local event of actin polymerization that flattens and recovers PM shape.
The apical polarity protein CRB3 is crucial for regulating vesicle trafficking in γ-tubulin ring complex assembly during ciliogenesis and cilium-related Hedgehog and Wnt signaling pathways in tumorigenesis.
Investigations of the reaction center (RC)-light harvesting (LH) complex from an ancient chlorosome-less anoxygenic phototroph Roseiflexus castenholzii reveal the structural basis by which carotenoids assembly regulates the architecture and quinone exchange of bacterial RC-LH complex.
C Kim, Benjamin Chen ... RECOVER Mechanistic Pathways Task Force
Collaborative and mutually beneficial patient-provider-researcher relationships are crucial in achieving success in understanding and treating long COVID.
A new mass spectrometry-based method to identify and quantify changes in a subcellular local protein environment shows the impact of deletion of a kinase the human malaria parasites export into the host cell.
A computational neuroanatomy analysis of cerebellar and cerebral folding in 56 mammalian species reveals groups of highly variable 'diverse' phenotypes, and strongly conserved 'stable' phenotypes, providing new insights into the diversity, evolution, and influence of cortical folding on brain organisation.
Rebecca EK Mandt, Madeline R Luth ... Amanda K Lukens
The mutational flexibility of the antimalarial target dihydroorotate dehydrogenase thwarts the use of collateral sensitivity as a strategy to suppress the evolution of resistance.
Airborne PM2.5 exposure triggers oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis in placental trophoblast cells via the KLF9/CYP1A1 transcriptional axis, ultimately leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Lucas Y Tian, Timothy L Warren ... Michael S Brainard
Multi-area recordings reveal how communication between two songbird brain areas conveys a top-down bias that adaptively modifies ongoing singing to support context-specific vocal learning.
Ann-Kathrin Herzfeldt, Marta Puig Gamez ... Lee Kim Swee
Loss of membrane-bound ICAM-1, overexpression of soluble ICAM-1 or ILKAP activity in tumor cells induce resistance to antigen-specific cytotoxic T-cell-mediated killing independently from regulating antigen presentation, PD-L1 expression, IFN-γ, or TNF-α responsiveness.
Sevim Kahraman, Kimitaka Shibue ... Rohit N Kulkarni
Live human pancreatic α-cells can be purified effectively using zinc-based reaction probe diacetylated Zinpyr1 and cultured as pseudoislets without losing their viability and function.
Analysis of inositol pyrophosphate dynamics upon inorganic phosphate (Pi) starvation identifies 1,5-IP8 as the inositol pyrophosphate isomer signaling Pi sufficiency to the SPX domain of Pho81 that controls the transcriptional Pi starvation program.
Elisabeth Jongsma, Anita Goyala ... Collin Yvès Ewald
A novel Caenorhabditis elegans model that secretes human amyloid beta forms aggregates in the extracellular matrix, which are removed by activation of extracellular matrix dynamics.
Advanced glycation end-products (compounds which make the food appetizing and aromatic) intricately modulate organism’s homeostatic and hedonistic signaling pathways thereby inducing preferential consumption of excess nutrients offering preliminary insights into overconsumption of modern-day processed food.
SIRT2 has detrimental effects in the heart and plays a role in cardiac response to injury and the progression of cardiac hypertrophy, and targeting SIRT2 may provide a novel avenue for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy and ischemic disease.
Oscar Blanch-Lombarte, Dan Ouchi ... Julia G Prado
PLWH over a decade of ART showed a significant reshaping of the function and expression of inhibitory receptors across the CD8+ T cell landscape, ultimately leading to a decrease of CD107a TIGIT HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells recovered by TIGIT blockade.
Igor Y Iskusnykh, Nikolai Fattakhov ... Victor V Chizhikov
LIM-homeodomain transcription factor Lmx1a co-regulates multiple developmental processes in the cortical hem, a major signaling center necessary for hippocampus formation in the mammalian brain.
Operating as a serum profiling tool for dengue infection and vaccination, the D2-FLM variant, which is insensitive to antibody-dependent enhancement-prone fusion loop antibodies, also offers potential for a safer dengue virus vaccine.
Mfn2 depletion upregulates cytosolic Ca2+ in mouse fibroblast cells, leading to RhoA and nonmuscle myosin II overactivation and a prominent peripheral actin band structure, which is dependent on the contractile force on the cell–substrate interface.
A computer-assisted revision of a unique fossil from Kenya supports the hypothesis that the modern features of our brain emerged recently in the human evolutionary history.
A cluster of neurons that integrates inhibitory and excitatory synaptic inputs from the mushroom body output neurons of the appetitive and aversive memory compartments, respectively, triggers upwind steering, mediating memory-driven olfactory navigation behaviors.
Dimensions for reinforcement learning reduced by dynamic organization of cerebellar climbing fiber response and synchrony in multiple functional components.
Maria Körner, Susanne R Meyer ... Alexander Buchberger
The previously uncharacterized, evolutionarily conserved FAM104 proteins VCF1/2 stimulate the nuclear import of p97/VCP, with their absence causing reduced nuclear p97/VCP levels, slow growth, and hypersensitivity to pharmacological inhibition of p97/VCP.
Characterization of an extra-membrane site in IKs formed by KCNQ1 S1, Pore and S6 domains and the near extracellular region of KCNE1, which forms a binding pocket for channel activators.
Increasing the intra-species phenotypic diversity of a plant-beneficial bacterium effectively improves probiotic consortium functioning and plant growth promotion in agricultural systems.
A single conserved residue – histidine 12 – confers pH-sensitive DNA binding to the Salmonella Typhimurium SPI-2 transcriptional regulator SsrB, thereby regulating Salmonella virulence.
Ana Sofia Pinheiro, Vasilios Tsarouhas ... Christos Samakovlis
During tracheal morphogenesis, the scavenger receptor Emp senses and responds to luminal cargo levels by initiating apical membrane endocytosis along the longitudinal tube axis to restrict airway elongation.
Charumathi Sabanayagam, Feng He ... Ching Yu Cheng
Integrating machine learning (ML) models with selected features improved the prediction accuracy of diabetic kidney disease compared to traditional logistic regression models using established features, revealing potential new markers and supporting the use of ML techniques in epidemiological studies.
By leveraging quantitative environmental DNA metabarcoding and ecological network analysis, influential organisms in rice fields are identified, thereby revealing potential avenues for environmentally friendly agricultural practices.
A near-linear relationship between electrical stimulus duration and resultant joint torque in stick insects has been unveiled, enhancing control strategies in biohybrid robotics.
An inducible two-component CRISPR-based platform that rapidly repositions HSV-1 genomes to the nuclear edge unveils intranuclear space heterogeneity for the incoming viral genomes and dynamic stages of the host-virus interplay during early infection.
Kyra Hermanns, Marco Marklewitz ... Sandra Junglen
Analysis of naturally infected mosquitoes shows that ecosystem disturbance can lead to a turnover in host community composition and that more individuals of a single species are a key driver of virus emergence.
Innovative MRI mapping of the auditory pathway reveals that peripheral auditory structure significantly impacts the development of the central auditory-language network in children with profound sensorineural hearing loss, emphasizing the need for early speech input and tailored interventions.
Megan E Carey, Zoe A Dyson ... Global Typhoid Genomics Consortium Group Authorship
An analysis of the largest Salmonella Typhi genome collection to date (n=13,000) provides an updated overview of global genome diversity and antimicrobial resistance trends over time to inform public health action.
René Lemcke, Christine Egebjerg ... Birgitte R Kornum
Identification of transcriptional changes in the hypothalamus during Influenza A virus infection enhances our understanding of mechanisms underlying long-lasting neurological disturbances, potentially informing future therapeutic interventions and improving patient outcomes.
Single-cell data on cell signaling responses to nutrient variation enable quantitative models of cellular control over protein synthesis, formalizing the concept of mTOR as a homeostatic controller of cellular metabolism.
Exposure to high-sugar diet in Drosophila resulted in the suppression of sweet sensitivity and feeding behavior in the offspring via altered epigenetic modifications on the histone, highlighting sustained impact of ancestral experience on the physiology and health of offspring.
A reduction in breast screening participation volume during COVID-19 that differed by region and healthcare setting was observed in a rapid review of 26 studies globally, suggesting monitoring of screening access by disadvantaged groups to reduce disparities.
Genetic interaction and biochemical analyses have unveiled the crucial involvement of CTPS in the regulation of adipocyte growth, lipid metabolism, and metabolic adaptation in Drosophila, achieved through activating the PI3K-Akt-SREBP pathway.
Engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could produce mutant β-galactosidase and trigger nitric oxide (NO) release when the NO prodrug is systemically administered, which can achieve NO release in a precise spatiotemporal manner and augment the therapeutic efficiency of MSCs.
Pankaj Sahai-Hernandez, Claire Pouget ... David Traver
A rare population of endothelial cells emerges from a bipotent muscle progenitor population in the paraxial mesoderm and provides niche support to induce hematopoietic stem cells.
Excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the mouse superior colliculus receive comparably strong inputs from retinal ganglion cells, in contrast to the thalamocortical system.
Barbara Bravi, Andrea Di Gioacchino ... Rémi Monasson
An interpretable machine learning approach can recapitulate the molecular features associated to immune protein-protein binding and leverage them for the prediction of immune response specificity.
David J Bacsik, Bernadeta Dadonaite ... Jesse D Bloom
Quantification of both viral transcription and progeny production from single influenza-infected cells shows that the cells that produce the most viral RNA often do not produce the most virions.
Yoshifumi Sonobe, Soojin Lee ... Paschalis Kratsios
Mutational analysis in cell-based models of C9ORF72 ALS/FTD identifies canonical translation initiation codons (AUG) on the antisense CCCCGG transcript as initiation sites for synthesis of neurotoxic dipeptide repeat proteins.
The initiation of DNA damage checkpoint recovery involves ATM-mediated E3 ubiquitin ligase E6AP phosphorylation which disrupts E6AP-MASTL association and leads to MASTL protein accumulation and cell cycle resumption.
The balanced utilization of energy sources, namely carbohydrates and fats, by mitochondria, is critically important for the long-term maintenance of both skeletal muscle and heart health.
Marjorie Xie, Samuel P Muscinelli ... Ashok Litwin-Kumar
Classical theoretical approaches to studying the cerebellar cortex are generalized to a broader set of learning tasks, revealing that the optimal value for the sparsity of granule cell activity is task-dependent.
Andreas Berghaenel, Jeroen MG Stevens ... Verena Behringer
Scaling laws reveal the presence of adolescent growth spurts in bonobos and potentially in other non-human primates, challenging the notion of these spurts as a uniquely human trait and emphasizing the need to consider scaling laws when interpreting growth patterns.
Structural characterization of human RPA70N association with a series of DNA damage response proteins reveals versatile protein interaction mechanisms that help to recruit DNA repair proteins to the damage site quickly and efficiently.
GENIUS provides a deep learning framework for multi-omics integration that transforms data into spatial images, using integrated gradients to reveal novel and critical cancer gene association.
FOXP2, encoding a forkhead-box transcription factor regarded as vital to proper development of human speech, was revealed to have an oncogenic potential and activate MET signaling in prostate cancer.
Joseph L Basalla, Claudia A Mak ... Anthony G Vecchiarelli
Carbon-fixing organelles, called carboxysomes, link to their spatial organization system in the bacterial cell by a hexameric protein that forms pH-dependent condensates via a nuanced multidomain mechanism.
Organoids are useful in studying guidance cues for retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon generation and regeneration, and the method of RGC isolation via CNTN2 facilitates investigating RGC-related retinal diseases such as glaucoma.
In late 2021 and early 2022, many clinicians in Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) reported reduced cervical cancer screening and reported that pandemic-related staffing shortages impacted screening and follow-up.
R Samuel Herron, Alexander K Kunisky ... Hun-Way Hwang
Genetics and biochemical analyses reveal an evolutionarily conserved mechanism to regulate gene isoform expression by mTORC1 and implicate possible gene isoform imbalance in cancer and neurological disorders with mTORC1 pathway dysregulation.
A newly established reversible model of membrane departitioning and repartitioning in bacteria uncovers the role of a cell wall synthase in regulating membrane partitioning.
Id2 GABAergic interneurons represent a fourth major group of local inhibitory neurons that includes neurogliaform cells, and these neurons can be targeted using intersectional genetics, revealing their distinctive connectivity and in vivo activity properties.
Visual crowding from clutter outside the limits of binocular fusion can still have a significant impact on object recognition and visual perception in the peripheral field.
Deciphering the dynamics of the allosteric communication and the formation of transient pockets along the activation pathway of G-protein-coupled receptors provides useful information for the design of allosteric modulators.
Lindsay Fuzzell, Naomi C Brownstein ... Rebecca B Perkins
Reductions in cervical cancer screening and colposcopy among nearly half of surveyed clinicians more than a year into the COVID-19 pandemic raise concerns that inadequate screening and follow-up will lead to future increases in preventable cancers.
