May 2023

Research articles

1. 1. Computational and Systems Biology

   Resource allocation accounts for the large variability of rate-yield phenotypes across bacterial strains

   Valentina Baldazzi, Delphine Ropers ... Hidde de Jong

   A coarse-grained model of microbial growth coupling fluxes of carbon and energy shows that resource allocation is a major explanatory factor of the observed variability of growth rates and growth yields across different bacterial strains.
2. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
   2. Cancer Biology

   Pancreatic tumors exhibit myeloid-driven amino acid stress and upregulate arginine biosynthesis

   Juan J Apiz Saab, Lindsey N Dzierozynski ... Alexander Muir

   Analysis of the tumor microenvironment reveals that pancreatic tumors experience metabolic stress caused by immune cell degradation of the amino acid arginine, and that pancreatic cancers cope by synthesizing arginine to provide access this amino acid despite low tumor availability.
3. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
   2. Neuroscience

   Contrasting action and posture coding with hierarchical deep neural network models of proprioception

   Kai J Sandbrink, Pranav Mamidanna ... Alexander Mathis

   To isolate and study proprioception, hierarchical deep neural networks paired with biomechanical models provide a normative approach to test the role of task effects on neural representations, such as the emergence of kinematic tuning and higher-level abstractions of actions.
4. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

   Neuron-associated macrophage proliferation in the sensory ganglia is associated with peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain involving CX3CR1 signaling

   Rafaela M Guimarães, Conceição E Aníbal-Silva ... Thiago M Cunha

   CX3CR1-signaling in sensory ganglia macrophages mediates their proliferation/activation, as well as the production of pro-inflammatory mediators that contribute to neuropathic pain.
5. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

   Maternal group 2 innate lymphoid cells contribute to fetal growth and protection from endotoxin-induced abortion in mice

   Elisa Balmas, Batika MJ Rana ... Francesco Colucci
6. 1. Developmental Biology
   2. Neuroscience

   Spatiotemporal dynamics of sensory neuron and Merkel-cell remodeling are decoupled during epidermal homeostasis

   Rachel C. Clary, Blair A. Jenkins, Ellen A. Lumpkin
7. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
   2. Evolutionary Biology

   Viral genome sequence datasets display pervasive evidence of strand-specific substitution biases that are best described using non-reversible nucleotide substitution models

   Rita Sianga-Mete, Penelope Hartnady ... Darren Patrick Martin
8. 1. Medicine

   Osteonecrosis in Gaucher disease in the era of multiple therapies: Biomarker set for risk stratification from a tertiary referral center

   Mohsen Basiri, Mohammad E Ghaffari ... Pramod K Mistry

   Enhancing the management of Gaucher disease patients through multidimensional risk assessment serves as a roadmap towards personalized medicine in the context of a rare disease.
9. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
   2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

   Noncovalent antibody catenation on a target surface greatly increases the antigen-binding avidity

   Jinyeop Song, Bo-Seong Jeong ... Byung-Ha Oh

   Genetically fusing weakly homodimerizing proteins to the C-terminus of IgG antibodies to induce reversible catenation on a target surface greatly enhances antigen-binding avidity, offering a promising approach for a range of antibody applications.
10. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Affectionate touch and diurnal oxytocin levels: An ecological momentary assessment study

    Ekaterina Schneider, Dora Hopf ... Beate Ditzen

    Affectionate touch in everyday life is linked to lower self-reported burden and is associated with higher endogenous oxytocin levels during times of prolonged stress.
11. 1. Cell Biology

    Global analysis of contact-dependent human-to-mouse intercellular mRNA and lncRNA transfer in cell culture

    Sandipan Dasgupta, Daniella Y Dayagi ... Jeffrey E Gerst

    The RNA transferome comprises full-length mRNAs and lncRNAs that undergo non-selective and expression-dependent transfer between mammalian cells in culture via actin-based tunneling nanotubes.
12. 1. Cell Biology

    The Uso1 globular head interacts with SNAREs to maintain viability even in the absence of the coiled-coil domain

    Ignacio Bravo-Plaza, Victor G Tagua ... Miguel A Peñalva

    Uso1 critically regulating traffic in the ER/Golgi interface is a coiled-coil protein traditionally regarded as a tether, but a forward genetic screen revealed that its essential role appears to involve its ability to interact with SNAREs.
13. 1. Neuroscience

    Self-organization of songbird neural sequences during social isolation

    Emily L Mackevicius, Shijie Gu ... Michale S Fee

    In juvenile songbirds, neural sequences pre-exist tutor exposure, and the process of learning a new song may make use of existing neural sequences as a stable substrate for new behavioral changes.
14. 1. Neuroscience

    Increased cortical plasticity leads to memory interference and enhanced hippocampal-cortical interactions

    Irene Navarro Lobato, Adrian Aleman-Zapata ... Lisa Genzel

    Increasing cortical plasticity leads to better one-trial memory but more interference effects on semantic-like memory.
15. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Medicine

    Improved isolation of extracellular vesicles by removal of both free proteins and lipoproteins

    Dmitry Ter-Ovanesyan, Tal Gilboa ... David R Walt

    A novel immunoassay for ApoB-100, the main protein component of lipoproteins, enables the development of methods to enrich extracellular vesicles from human plasma while depleting both lipoproteins and free proteins.
16. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Hypermetabolism in mice carrying a near-complete human chromosome 21

    Dylan C Sarver, Cheng Xu ... G William Wong

    Mice carrying a near-complete human chromosome 21 are hypermetabolic and have increased thermogenesis due to sarcolipin overexpression in the skeletal muscle, leading to persistent uncoupling of the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ ATPase pump activity and heat generation.
17. 1. Neuroscience

    Target cell-specific synaptic dynamics of excitatory to inhibitory neuron connections in supragranular layers of human neocortex

    Mean-Hwan Kim, Cristina Radaelli ... Ed Lein

    Electrophysiological study in human brain slices reveals that short-term synaptic plasticity from presynaptic pyramidal neuron to postsynaptic interneuron connections are target-cell specific based on their subclass interneuron identity.
18. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Robust membrane protein tweezers reveal the folding speed limit of helical membrane proteins

    Seoyoon Kim, Daehyo Lee ... Duyoung Min

    An exceedingly low speed limit was estimated for a helical hairpin formation by analyzing hours-long, incessant structural transitions.
19. 1. Neuroscience

    Bacterial diet affects the age-dependent decline of associative learning in Caenorhabditis elegans

    Satoshi Higurashi, Sachio Tsukada ... Kentaro Noma

    A screen of lactic acid bacteria reveals that diet modulates the age-dependent decline of thermotaxis behavior in C. elegans without changing the organismal lifespan.
20. 1. Neuroscience

    Concurrent decoding of distinct neurophysiological fingerprints of tremor and bradykinesia in Parkinson’s disease

    Peter M Lauro, Shane Lee ... Wael F Asaad

    Motor signs of Parkinson’s disease such as tremor and bradykinesia are independently expressed and exhibit distinct signatures of neural activity that can independently decoded from subthalamic and cortical recordings using interpretable machine learning.
21. 1. Neuroscience

    Prolonged nicotine exposure reduces aversion to the drug in mice by altering nicotinic transmission in the interpeduncular nucleus

    Sarah Mondoloni, Claire Nguyen ... Alexandre Mourot

    Inter-individual variabilities in nicotine aversion are linked with responses of the interpeduncular nucleus to the drug.
22. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Pharmacological hallmarks of allostery at the M4 muscarinic receptor elucidated through structure and dynamics

    Ziva Vuckovic, Jinan Wang ... David M Thal

    Structural biology studies reveal the importance of protein dynamics on understanding molecular mechanisms underlying allosteric modulation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) that offer insights into future GPCR research and drug discovery.
23. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

    Atf3 defines a population of pulmonary endothelial cells essential for lung regeneration

    Terren K Niethamer, Lillian I Levin ... Edward E Morrisey

    After acute lung injury, the transcription factor Atf3 is essential for regeneration of the capillary endothelium, which is critical for restoring the structure of the lung alveolus.
24. 1. Neuroscience

    Dopamine in the dorsal bed nucleus of stria terminalis signals Pavlovian sign-tracking and reward violations

    Utsav Gyawali, David A Martin ... Donna Calu

    Dopamine signaling in the bed nucleus of stria terminalis supports sign-tracking, reinforcer-specific satiety, and encodes reward prediction errors.
25. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    The prolactin receptor scaffolds Janus kinase 2 via co-structure formation with phosphoinositide-4,5-bisphosphate

    Raul Araya-Secchi, Katrine Bugge ... Birthe B Kragelund

    The prolactin receptor, Janus kinase 2, and PI(4,5)P₂ form a co-structure with the membrane resulting in orientations with different accessibility fixing the disordered juxtamembrane domain of the receptor in an extended structure.
26. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

    Immune mechanisms underlying COVID-19 pathology and post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC)

    Sindhu Mohandas, Prasanna Jagannathan ... RECOVER Mechanistic Pathways Task Force

    Immune dysregulation is thought to be a hallmark of long COVID or PASC but there is a need for understanding the underlying mechanisms which drive the disease progression.
27. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Perceived barriers to cervical cancer screening and motivators for at-home human papillomavirus self-sampling during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from a telephone survey

    Susan Parker, Ashish A Deshmukh ... Jane R Montealegre

    Mailed at-home HPV self-sampling kits present an opportunity to reduce important barriers to cervical cancer screening among women in a safety net healthcare system.
28. 1. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

    Il-6 signaling exacerbates hallmarks of chronic tendon disease by stimulating reparative fibroblasts

    Tino Stauber, Greta Moschini ... Jess G Snedeker
29. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Mutation of vsx genes in zebrafish highlights the robustness of the retinal specification network

    Joaquín Letelier, Lorena Buono ... Juan R Martínez-Morales

    Depletion of vsx genes in zebrafish confirms a conserved role in bipolar cells specification across vertebrates, but do not interfere with the formation of the neural retina domain, which reveal an unexpected robustness of the genetic network sustaining the retina.
30. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    Statistical inference reveals the role of length, GC content, and local sequence in V(D)J nucleotide trimming

    Magdalena L Russell, Noah Simon ... Frederick A Matsen IV

    Local sequence context, length, and GC nucleotide content in both directions of the trimming site, together, are highly predictive of V(D)J trimming probabilities for both TR and IG adaptive immune receptor loci.
31. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Interplay between PML NBs and HIRA for H3.3 dynamics following type I interferon stimulus

    Constance Kleijwegt, Florent Bressac ... Armelle Corpet

    Dual function of promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML NBs) acting as buffering centers modulating the nuclear distribution of HIRA, and as chromosomal hubs regulating interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) transcription, and thus HIRA-mediated H3.3 deposition/recycling at ISGs upon inflammatory response.
32. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Homeostatic control of an iron repressor in a GI tract resident

    Yuanyuan Wang, Yinhe Mao ... Changbin Chen

    Post-translational modifications of an iron-responsive regulator drive Candida albicans commensalism in gastrointestinal tract.
33. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Approximating missing epidemiological data for cervical cancer through Footprinting: A case study in India

    Irene Man, Damien Georges ... Iacopo Baussano

    The proposed Footprinting framework enables approximation of missing cervical cancer epidemiological data and derivation of context-specific impact projection of cervical cancer prevention measures, assisting public health decisions on cervical cancer prevention in India and other countries.
34. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    The structural basis of the multi-step allosteric activation of Aurora B kinase

    Dario Segura-Peña, Oda Hovet ... Nikolina Sekulic

    An entropy switch controls the Aurora B autoactivation process through two distinct kinetic steps of phosphorylation.
35. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of childhood wheezing phenotypes identifies ANXA1 as a susceptibility locus for persistent wheezing

    Raquel Granell, John A Curtin ... Adnan Custovic

    Using unique data from five longitudinal UK birth cohorts, four distinct subsets of genetic variants were identified as differentially associated across wheezing phenotypes from infancy to adolescence with little evidence of genetic associations spanning across different phenotypes.
36. 1. Genetics and Genomics

    Unraveling the influences of sequence and position on yeast uORF activity using massively parallel reporter systems and machine learning

    Gemma E May, Christina Akirtava ... Joel McManus

    The regulatory role of thousands of upstream open-reading frames were measured and used to determine the relative influences of sequence, structural, and positional features on translation regulation and nonsense-mediated decay.
37. 1. Neuroscience

    Task-evoked metabolic demands of the posteromedial default mode network are shaped by dorsal attention and frontoparietal control networks

    Godber M Godbersen, Sebastian Klug ... Andreas Hahn

    In the human brain, default mode network BOLD deactivations can be accompanied by both increases and decreases in glucose metabolism, depending on the respective metabolic demands of task-positive cognitive control and attention networks.
38. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Integrating contact tracing and whole-genome sequencing to track the elimination of dog-mediated rabies: An observational and genomic study

    Kennedy Lushasi, Kirstyn Brunker ... Katie Hampson

    Contact tracing data reveal how a One Health approach underpinned by dog vaccination interrupts rabies transmission in reservoir populations removing the risk to humans, while virus genome data highlight the importance of surveillance and sustained dog vaccination in connected populations.
39. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Coordinated stimulation of axon regenerative and neurodegenerative transcriptional programs by ATF4 following optic nerve injury

    Preethi Somasundaram, Madeline M Farley ... Trent A Watkins
40. 1. Neuroscience

    Dynamics of pulsatile activities of arcuate kisspeptin neurons in aging female mice

    Teppei Goto, Mitsue Hagihara, Kazunari Miyamichi

    The pulsatile activities of kisspeptin neurons, the central pacemaker activities of reproductive functions, show unexpected robustness in terms of frequency, but a tendency for the intensity to decline, during the transition to reproductive senescence in mice.
41. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    The impact of local genomic properties on the evolutionary fate of genes

    Yuichiro Hara, Shigehiro Kuraku

    The genomic features associated with a gene fate to loss have been retained for approximately 500 million years during evolution, and the genes with these features exhibit restricted expression profiles, leading to the genes being less important.
42. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Gene editing and scalable functional genomic screening in Leishmania species using the CRISPR/Cas9 cytosine base editor toolbox LeishBASEedit

    Markus Engstler, Tom Beneke

    LeishBASEedit enables gene editing in Leishmania without requiring DNA double-strand breaks, homologous recombination, or donor DNA, thereby facilitating loss-of-function screens via delivery of plasmid libraries and regardless of limitations due to gene copy number variations and/or lack of RNAi components.
43. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Regulation of inflammation and protection against invasive pneumococcal infection by the long pentraxin PTX3

    Rémi Porte, Rita Silva-Gomes ... Alberto Mantovani

    Long Pentaxin 3 is highly expressed by non-hematopoietic cells during Streptococcus pneumoniae invasive infections and regulates polymorphonuclear neutrophils' recruitment through interaction with P-selectin which damps inflammation-associated tissue damage and pneumococcal systemic dissemination.
44. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Zebrafish Rif1 impacts zygotic genome activation, replication timing, and sex determination

    Emily A. Masser, Tyler D. Noble ... Christopher L. Sansam
45. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Gene and protein expression and metabolic flux analysis reveals metabolic scaling in liver ex vivo and in vivo

    Ngozi D Akingbesote, Brooks P Leitner ... Rachel J Perry

    Transcriptomic, enzyme activity, and flux data demonstrate that metabolic scaling, the inverse correlation between body size and metabolic rate per gram of tissue, is a conserved phenomenon that occurs at multiple physiological levels and in multiple tissues.
46. 1. Neuroscience

    Scn1a-GFP transgenic mouse revealed Nav1.1 expression in neocortical pyramidal tract projection neurons

    Tetsushi Yamagata, Ikuo Ogiwara ... Kazuhiro Yamakawa

    In neocortex, Nav1.1 is expressed in neocortical pyramidal tract projection neurons and a minor subpopulation of cortico-cortical projection neurons in addition to its predominant expression in inhibitory neurons, while the majority of cortico-thalamic, cortico-striatal, and cortico-cortical neurons express Nav1.2.
47. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Identification of epigenetic modulators as determinants of nuclear size and shape

    Andria C Schibler, Predrag Jevtic ... Tom Misteli

    Chromatin modifiers shape nuclear morphology.
48. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Neuroscience

    Tau polarizes an aging transcriptional signature to excitatory neurons and glia

    Timothy Wu, Jennifer M Deger ... Joshua M Shulman

    While tau and aging have highly overlapping differential gene expression signatures, they diverge in the affected cell types, with aging having a wide-ranging impact and tau-triggered changes instead polarized to excitatory neurons and glia.
49. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    APE1 recruits ATRIP to ssDNA in an RPA-dependent and -independent manner to promote the ATR DNA damage response

    Yunfeng Lin, Jia Li ... Shan Yan

    Distinct interactions of AP endonuclease 1 with single-stranded DNA gaps and ATRIP and RPA protein complex address an outstanding question in the field of genome integrity regarding how ATR/ATRIP complex recruits onto damage site for ATR DNA damage response signaling.
50. 1. Neuroscience

    Synaptic and circuit mechanisms prevent detrimentally precise correlation in the developing mammalian visual system

    Ruben A Tikidji-Hamburyan, Gubbi Govindaiah ... Matthew T Colonnese

    The imprecise and broad connectivity of retinal inputs during development have the potential to generate large correlations in target neurons that reduce retinotopic information unless suppressed by the special synaptic and circuit properties present at these ages.
51. 1. Cell Biology

    pYtags enable spatiotemporal measurements of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in living cells

    Payam E Farahani, Xiaoyu Yang ... Jared E Toettcher

    pYtags are novel biosensors that can be used to measure the activity of a receptor tyrosine kinase of interest in live cells with high spatiotemporal resolution and are applied to reveal rapid activity dynamics of EGFR/ErbB2 signaling.
52. 1. Neuroscience

    Multi-centre analysis of networks and genes modulated by hypothalamic stimulation in patients with aggressive behaviours

    Flavia Venetucci Gouveia, Jurgen Germann ... Clement Hamani

    Integrated imaging analysis of a large multi-center dataset showed that treatment of refractory aggressive behavior with hypothalamic deep brain stimulation is highly effective with specific clinical and neuroimaging features associated with treatment success.
53. 1. Medicine

    Biomedical supervisors’ role modeling of open science practices

    Tamarinde L Haven, Susan Abunijela, Nicole Hildebrand

    Supervisors' engagement in open science practices such as data sharing is associated with a greater odds that Ph.D. students engage in these practices and share their data.
54. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Multiple repeat regions within mouse DUX recruit chromatin regulators to facilitate an embryonic gene expression program

    Christina M. Smith, Edward J. Grow ... Bradley R. Cairns
55. 1. Medicine

    RANK⁺TLR2⁺ myeloid subpopulation converts autoimmune to joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis

    Weixin Zhang, Kathleen Noller ... Xu Cao

    The sialylation of RANK⁺TLR2⁺ monocytes contributes to osteoclastogenesis and bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis.
56. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Environment- and epigenome-wide association study of obesity in ‘Children of 1997’ birth cohort

    Jie Zhao, Bohan Fan ... C Mary Schooling

    The comprehensive assessment on environmental factors and epigenetics with obesity provides novel insights into potentially modifiable factors related to obesity at the outset and the end of puberty, with close relevance to health policy and public health.
57. 1. Neuroscience

    Neural dynamics underlying self-control in the primate subthalamic nucleus

    Benjamin Pasquereau, Robert S Turner

    Cost–benefit integration between the desirability of the expected reward and the imposed delay to delivery is supported by STN signals that dynamically combined both reward-related attributes to form a single integrated value estimate along an antero-posterior axis in this nucleus.
58. 1. Medicine

    Axonal T3 uptake and transport can trigger thyroid hormone signaling in the brain

    Federico Salas-Lucia, Csaba Fekete ... Antonio C Bianco

    T3 is taken up by axonal termini and is retrogradely transported into endosomal vesicles to the cell nucleus, where it regulates gene expression.
59. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    An acetylation-mediated chromatin switch governs H3K4 methylation read-write capability

    Kanishk Jain, Matthew R Marunde ... Brian D Strahl

    MLL1-mediated H3K4 methylation is directly enhanced by cis-tail H3 acetylation, as shown through both in vitro and in vivo experiments.
60. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Coevolutionary dynamics via adaptive feedback in collective-risk social dilemma game

    Linjie Liu, Xiaojie Chen, Attila Szolnoki

    The two-way coupling between collective actions and risk is essential to avoid the tragedy of the commons.
61. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Plant Biology

    Environment as a limiting factor of the historical global spread of mungbean

    Pei-Wen Ong, Ya-Ping Lin ... Cheng-Ruei Lee

    After domestication, the cultivation range expansion of crops was not solely dictated by human activity but instead constrained by climatic factors, which in turn resulted in distinct phenotypic characteristics of locally adaptive landraces.
62. 1. Neuroscience

    Making memories last using the peripheral effect of direct current stimulation

    Alison M Luckey, Lauren S McLeod ... Sven Vanneste

    Non-invasive transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the greater occipital nerve using direct current promotes strengthening of memories using late-phase synaptic activity.
63. 1. Cell Biology

    Myofibroblast senescence promotes arrhythmogenic remodeling in the aged infarcted rabbit heart

    Brett C Baggett, Kevin R Murphy ... Gideon Koren

    Ex vivo, in vitro, and computational modeling studies indicate a persistence of myofibroblast senescence in the infarct border zone with age which can disrupt conduction and promote arrhythmias via senescent myofibroblast-cardiomyocyte coupling.
64. 1. Cell Biology

    Annexin A6 mediates calcium-dependent exosome secretion during plasma membrane repair

    Justin Krish Williams, Jordan Matthew Ngo ... Randy Schekman

    Plasma membrane damage causes the release of exosomes from cultured human cells.
65. 1. Plant Biology

    Effector target-guided engineering of an integrated domain expands the disease resistance profile of a rice NLR immune receptor

    Josephine HR Maidment, Motoki Shimizu ... Mark J Banfield

    Effector target-guided engineering has developed plant NLR immune receptors that bind and recognize stealthy pathogen effector proteins, demonstrating new disease resistance profiles in planta, and offering a promising approach to protect crops against plant pathogens.
66. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Medicine

    ErbB signaling is a potential therapeutic target for vascular lesions with fibrous component

    Suvi Jauhiainen, Henna Ilmonen ... Johanna P Laakkonen

    Experimentation on patient biopsies, cell culture, and xenograft models demonstrates involvement of ErbB signaling and fibroblasts in lesion growth, implying that targeting of both stromal and endothelial cells could be a beneficial treatment strategy for patients with venous lesions.
67. 1. Neuroscience
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Cannabidiol sensitizes TRPV2 channels to activation by 2-APB

    Aaron Gochman, Xiao-Feng Tan ... Andres Jara-Oseguera

    Cannabidiol is an ultra potent sensitizer for 2-APB responses in rTRPV2 and mTRPV3 channels but not in rTRPV1 through a mechanism that engages channel regions further from the cannabidiol binding site and the pore.
68. 1. Neuroscience

    Cerebellar Activation Bidirectionally Regulates Nucleus Accumbens Core and Medial Shell

    Alexa F. D’Ambra, Ksenia Vlasov ... Diasynou Fioravante
69. 1. Neuroscience

    Parallel reconstruction of the excitatory and inhibitory inputs received by single neurons reveals the synaptic basis of recurrent spiking

    Julian Bartram, Felix Franke ... Andreas Hierlemann
70. 1. Neuroscience

    Early-life experience reorganizes neuromodulatory regulation of stage-specific behavioral responses and individuality dimensions during development

    Reemy Ali Nasser, Yuval Harel, Shay Stern

    Early-life experiences and neuromodulatory mechanisms shape discontinuous behavioral plasticity across developmental stages and modify the spectrum of long-term individuality patterns within isogenic populations.
71. 1. Neuroscience

    Chronic exposure to odors at naturally occurring concentrations triggers limited plasticity in early stages of Drosophila olfactory processing

    Zhannetta V Gugel, Elizabeth G Maurais, Elizabeth J Hong

    Chronic stimulation with odors at naturally occurring concentrations only mildly impacts early stages of olfactory processing, suggesting a need to re-interpret prevailing models of how chronic odor exposure affects olfactory function.
72. 1. Neuroscience

    Response outcome gates the effect of spontaneous cortical state fluctuations on perceptual decisions

    Davide Reato, Raphael Steinfeld ... Alfonso Renart

    In a forced-choice auditory discrimination task, mice are more accurate if neural activity in the auditory cortex in the pre-stimulus baseline is higher and more desynchronized, but only if the previous trial was an error.
73. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

    Homeostatic activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor by dietary ligands dampens cutaneous allergic responses by controlling Langerhans cells migration

    Adeline Cros, Alba De Juan ... Elodie Segura

    Lack of aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands in the diet of mice increases the inflammatory state in their epidermis, making cutaneous allergic reactions more severe and airway allergy more pronounced after skin sensitization.
74. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    linc-mipep and linc-wrb encode micropeptides that regulate chromatin accessibility in vertebrate-specific neural cells

    Valerie A Tornini, Liyun Miao ... Antonio J Giraldez

    Two putative long noncoding RNAs in zebrafish encode micropeptides with homology to the vertebrate-specific chromatin architectural protein, Hmgn1, which are required for development of vertebrate-specific brain cell types.
75. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Local angiogenic interplay of Vegfc/d and Vegfa controls brain region-specific emergence of fenestrated capillaries

    Sweta Parab, Olivia A Card ... Ryota L Matsuoka

    Novel and common angiogenic mechanisms crucial for fenestrated brain capillary formation have been identified.
76. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Quantification of impact of COVID-19 pandemic on cancer screening programmes – a case study from Argentina, Bangladesh, Colombia, Morocco, Sri Lanka, and Thailand

    Eric Lucas, Raul Murillo ... Partha Basu

    Well-coordinated, decisive, and collective actions remain critical to make screening programmes more equitable and resilient in the face of natural and geo-political calamities.
77. 1. Genetics and Genomics

    Rapid and precise genome engineering in a naturally short-lived vertebrate

    Claire N Bedbrook, Ravi D Nath ... Anne Brunet

    Rapid and efficient CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in of fluorescent reporters at various genomic loci enables cell- and tissue-specific expression and establishes the short-lived African killifish as a vertebrate system for precise genetic engineering at scale.
78. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    ‘Skeletal Age’ for mapping the impact of fracture on mortality

    Thach Tran, Thao Ho-Le ... Tuan V Nguyen

    The lifespan of individuals who suffer from an osteoporotic fracture is reduced by between 1 and 7 years, depending on the location of the fracture and their risk profile, suggesting that their 'Skeletal Age' is higher than their chronological age.
79. 1. Neuroscience

    Are single-peaked tuning curves tuned for speed rather than accuracy?

    Movitz Lenninger, Mikael Skoglund ... Arvind Kumar

    Single-peaked tuning curves found in early sensory areas are more optimized for quick decoding than accuracy, while multi-peaked tuning curves (e.g. grid cells) give higher accuracy but only at longer time scales.
80. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Mycolactone causes destructive Sec61-dependent loss of the endothelial glycocalyx and vessel basement membrane: a new indirect mechanism driving tissue necrosis in Mycobacterium ulcerans infection

    Louise Tzung-Harn Hsieh, Belinda S Hall ... Rachel E Simmonds
81. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Developmental Biology

    Nr2f1a maintains atrial nkx2.5 expression to repress pacemaker identity within venous atrial cardiomyocytes of zebrafish

    Kendall E Martin, Padmapriyadarshini Ravisankar ... Joshua S Waxman

    The transcription factor Nr2f1a represses ventricular and pacemaker cardiomyocyte identities within distinct regions of the zebrafish atrium.
82. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Rapid protein stability prediction using deep learning representations

    Lasse M Blaabjerg, Maher M Kassem ... Kresten Lindorff-Larsen

    RaSP is a method for making rapid and accurate predictions of changes in protein stability that enabled us to calculate ~300 million stability changes for nearly all possible single amino acid changes in the human proteome.
83. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Computational and Systems Biology

    An in silico FSHD muscle fiber for modeling DUX4 dynamics and predicting the impact of therapy

    Matthew V Cowley, Johanna Pruller ... Christopher RS Banerji

    Mathematical and experimental characterization of DUX4 expression dynamics in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy muscle fibers, provides insights into pathology and open-source tools for in silico investigation of anti-DUX4 therapy.
84. 1. Neuroscience

    Toward a more informative representation of the fetal–neonatal brain connectome using variational autoencoder

    Jung-Hoon Kim, Josepheen De Asis-Cruz ... Catherine Limperopoulos

    A nonlinear deep generative model can represent fetal–neonatal resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging better than conventional linear models.
85. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Neuroscience

    Neural mechanisms of parasite-induced summiting behavior in ‘zombie’ Drosophila

    Carolyn Elya, Danylo Lavrentovich ... Benjamin de Bivort

    In zombie fruit flies, Entomophthora muscae-elicited summiting behavior is mediated by blood-borne factors and the host circadian-neurosecretory network.
86. 1. Neuroscience

    Two conserved vocal central pattern generators broadly tuned for fast and slow rates generate species-specific vocalizations in Xenopus clawed frogs

    Ayako Yamaguchi, Manon Peltier

    Although courtship vocalizations are unique to each species, the basic architecture of the neural circuitries underlying this behavior is conserved among closely related species of frogs, suggesting behavior can diverge while utilizing the homologous neural network inherited through evolutionary lineage.
87. 1. Neuroscience

    Mating activates neuroendocrine pathways signaling hunger in Drosophila females

    Meghan Laturney, Gabriella R Sterne, Kristin Scott

    Postmated increases in sucrose consumption in Drosophila melanogaster females is executed by a female specific circuit that alters neuroendocrine centers to promote hunger.
88. 1. Neuroscience

    Gain, not concomitant changes in spatial receptive field properties, improves task performance in a neural network attention model

    Kai J Fox, Daniel Birman, Justin L Gardner

    Simple modifications to early stages of the visual hierarchy, such as gain changes, can induce complex effects on later stages, but only gain is both necessary and sufficient to explain enhanced perception during spatial attention.
89. 1. Neuroscience

    Spatiotemporal neural dynamics of object recognition under uncertainty in humans

    Yuan-hao Wu, Ella Podvalny, Biyu J He

    Combining 7 Tesla fMRI and MEG data collected during a challenging visual recognition task revealed distinct neural representational formats in ventral visual and frontoparietal regions, and the emergence of recognition-related signals prior to category-related information.
90. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Computational and Systems Biology

    Precise temporal control of neuroblast migration through combined regulation and feedback of a Wnt receptor

    Erik S Schild, Shivam Gupta ... Hendrik C Korswagen

    Robust temporal regulation of a developmental decision in migrating Caenorhabditis elegans neuroblasts is mediated through a strategy that combines transcriptional activation and feedback of a timekeeper gene.
91. 1. Cell Biology

    Impairment of lipid homeostasis causes lysosomal accumulation of endogenous protein aggregates through ESCRT disruption

    John Yong, Jacqueline E Villalta ... Calvin H Jan
92. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    APOE expression and secretion are modulated by mitochondrial dysfunction

    Meghan E Wynne, Oluwaseun Ogunbona ... Victor Faundez

    Current models of Alzheimer's disease that put mitochondria as an endpoint of disease should be reconsidered because genetic defects affecting mitochondria by themselves can also regulate Alzheimer’s disease risk factor apolipoprotein E (APOE) expression and secretion.
93. 1. Medicine
    2. Neuroscience

    Oxytocin administration enhances pleasantness and neural responses to gentle stroking but not moderate pressure social touch by increasing peripheral concentrations

    Yuanshu Chen, Haochen Zou ... Keith M Kendrick

    A randomized placebo-controlled trial with behavioral, neuroimaging, and physiological measures reveals that oxytocin treatment facilitates pleasure and brain reward responses only to gentle stroking social touch by increasing peripheral blood concentrations.
94. 1. Neuroscience

    Dendritic growth and synaptic organization from activity-independent cues and local activity-dependent plasticity

    Jan H Kirchner, Lucas Euler ... Julijana Gjorgjieva
95. 1. Cancer Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma organoids as models of chromosomal instability

    Maria Vias, Lena Morrill Gavarró ... James D Brenton

    Fifteen continuous high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma patient-derived organoids are characterized by transcriptomic, genomic, and drug sensitivity assays to reveal that they comprise communities of clonal populations and represent models of different causes of chromosomal instability and degrees of genome complexity.
96. 1. Neuroscience

    retro-Tango enables versatile retrograde circuit tracing in Drosophila

    Altar Sorkaç, Rareș A Moșneanu ... Gilad Barnea

    retro-Tango, developed and validated in multiple circuits in Drosophila melanogaster, is established as a genetically encoded, transsynaptic labeling system in the retrograde direction.
97. 1. Neuroscience

    Interplay between external inputs and recurrent dynamics during movement preparation and execution in a network model of motor cortex

    Ludovica Bachschmid-Romano, Nicholas G Hatsopoulos, Nicolas Brunel

    A recurrent neural network model with parameters constrained by data explains mechanisms for how tuning properties of motor cortical neurons change during movement preparation and execution in a monkey performing a reaching task, and accurately reproduces neural dynamics from recordings.
98. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Joint inference of evolutionary transitions to self-fertilization and demographic history using whole-genome sequences

    Stefan Strütt, Thibaut Sellinger ... Stefan Laurent

    Transitions from outcrossing to selfing, a major shift in mating systems, create a specific signature in intra-specific genetic polymorphisms, which can be used to infer the demographic history of populations and acquire valuable insights about the evolution of recombination rates.
99. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Multiple antagonist calcium-dependent mechanisms control CaM kinase-1 subcellular localization in a C. elegans thermal nociceptor

    Domenica Ippolito, Dominique A Glauser

    A refined analysis of the mechanisms controlling CaM kinase-1 subcellular localization in sensory neurons, a cell-autonomous process known to control nociceptive plasticity and to adjust avoidance behaviors.
100. 1. Neuroscience

     Two forms of asynchronous release with distinctive spatiotemporal dynamics in central synapses

     Gerardo Malagon, Jongyun Myeong, Vitaly A Klyachko

     Asynchronous release is not uniform, but comprises two subpopulations of events, one occurring inside the active zone and another occurring ectopically, which are characterized by distinctive spatiotemporal dynamics in hippocampal synapses.
101. 1. Neuroscience

     Development of frequency tuning shaped by spatial cue reliability in the barn owl’s auditory midbrain

     Keanu Shadron, José Luis Peña

     The juvenile barn owl displays wide heterogeneity in tuning properties in the auditory midbrain, which is shaped during development to match the pattern of sensory statistics experienced in early life and maintained into adulthood.
102. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Profiling the bloodstream form and procyclic form Trypanosoma brucei cell cycle using single-cell transcriptomics

     Emma M Briggs, Catarina A Marques ... Keith R Matthews

     Single-cell transcriptomics of cryopreserved parasites reveals extensive cyclic regulation of mRNA abundance by Trypanosoma brucei during the cell cycle.
103. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     The Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast cysteine desulfurase provides sulfur for both iron-sulfur cluster assembly and tRNA modification

     Russell P Swift, Rubayet Elahi ... Sean T Prigge

     Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast SufS is required for both iron-sulfur synthesis and tRNA modification by MnmA, a novel paradigm that is likely to apply to other plastid-containing organisms.
104. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

     Oxygen levels at the time of activation determine T cell persistence and immunotherapeutic efficacy

     Pedro P Cunha, Eleanor Minogue ... Randall S Johnson

     Oxygen levels at the time of T cell activation are major determinants of function, even when T cells are subsequently expanded in high levels of oxygen.
105. 1. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

     Hippo signaling impairs alveolar epithelial regeneration in pulmonary fibrosis

     Rachel Warren, Handeng Lyu ... Stijn P De Langhe

     Alveolar type 2 stem cells are actively maintained by Hippo signaling and Taz promotes alveolar epithelial regeneration and the resolution of bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis upon inactivation of the Hippo pathway in Alveolar type 2 stem cells.
106. 1. Neuroscience

     Using light and X-ray scattering to untangle complex neuronal orientations and validate diffusion MRI

     Miriam Menzel, David Gräßel ... Marios Georgiadis

     Light and X-ray scattering on the same primate and human brain samples cross-validate each other and enable accurate mapping of axonal trajectories in regions with uni- and multi-directional nerve fibers, which can be used to validate diffusion MRI.
107. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Developmental Biology

     A ratchet-like apical constriction drives cell ingression during the mouse gastrulation EMT

     Alexandre Francou, Kathryn V Anderson, Anna-Katerina Hadjantonakis

     High-resolution live and fixed tissue imaging combined with cell and tissue scale data analyses revealed that a ratchet-like constriction of the apical surfaces of cells drives the first step of an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition taking place during mouse gastrulation.
108. 1. Medicine
     2. Neuroscience

     Tiered sympathetic control of cardiac function revealed by viral tracing and single cell transcriptome profiling

     Sachin Sharma, Russell Littman ... Olujimi A Ajijola

     Cardiac-specific neurons residing in stellate ganglia comprised of three subsets of neurons based upon their transcriptomic and neurochemical properties and modulates cardiac sympathetic control.
109. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Formation and three-dimensional architecture of Leishmania adhesion in the sand fly vector

     Ryuji Yanase, Flávia Moreira-Leite ... Jack D Sunter

     Using advanced volume electron microscopy, the ultrastructural and spatial organisation of Leishmania parasites strongly adhered to the gut of its sand fly vector was defined.
110. 1. Neuroscience

     Early language exposure affects neural mechanisms of semantic representations

     Xiaosha Wang, Bijun Wang, Yanchao Bi

     Impoverished access to natural human language during early childhood reduces semantic structure encoding in the left dorsal anterior temporal lobe, which provides positive evidence for the role of language in forming specific neural semantic representations in the human brain.
111. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

     ARPC5 isoforms and their regulation by calcium-calmodulin-N-WASP drive distinct Arp2/3-dependent actin remodeling events in CD4 T cells

     Lopamudra Sadhu, Nikolaos Tsopoulidis ... Oliver T Fackler

     Selective involvement of Arp2/3 complex subunit isoforms ARPC5 or ARPC5L governs the distinct actin polymerization events in the nucleus or cytoplasm of CD4 T cells that are triggerd by T cell activation or DNA replication stress.
112. 1. Developmental Biology

     Npr3 regulates neural crest and cranial placode progenitors formation through its dual function as clearance and signaling receptor

     Arun Devotta, Hugo Juraver-Geslin ... Jean-Pierre Saint-Jeannet

     A combination of morpholino-based knockdowns, pharmacological inhibitors, and rescue assays reveal a novel role for natriuretic peptide signaling in the regulation of cell fates in the embryonic ectoderm.
113. 1. Medicine

     VO_2max prediction based on submaximal cardiorespiratory relationships and body composition in male runners and cyclists: a population study

     Szczepan Wiecha, Przemysław Seweryn Kasiak ... Andrzej Klusiewicz

     VO_2max in endurance athletes can be accurately predicted by the submaximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing measurements but relying solely on somatic variables allows limited accuracy, which is especially important for physicians and fitness practitioners for proper health and training status monitoring.
114. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

     Sexual dimorphism in obesity is governed by RELMα regulation of adipose macrophages and eosinophils

     Jiang Li, Rebecca E Ruggiero-Ruff ... Meera G Nair

     The small macrophage-secreted protein RELMα is a sex-specific protein that protects against diet-induced obesity through regulating the macrophage–eosinophil innate immune axis in the adipose tissue.
115. 1. Neuroscience

     Large-scale electrophysiology and deep learning reveal distorted neural signal dynamics after hearing loss

     Shievanie Sabesan, Andreas Fragner ... Nicholas A Lesica

     Deep neural network modeling of auditory processing identifies distorted cross-frequency interactions as the key problem for the processing of speech in noise after hearing loss.
116. 1. Neuroscience

     Ultrafast (400 Hz) network oscillations induced in mouse barrel cortex by optogenetic activation of thalamocortical axons

     Hang Hu, Rachel E Hostetler, Ariel Agmon

     Brief optogenetic stimulation of thalamocortical axons evoked a 400 Hz wavelet, 'ripplet,' in the extracellular field potential in cortical layer 4, together with phase-locked spike bursts in fast-spiking inhibitory interneurons and alternating excitatory and inhibitory synaptic currents in excitatory cells.
117. 1. Cell Biology

     Insights into cargo sorting by SNX32 and its role in neurite outgrowth

     Jini Sugatha, Amulya Priya ... Sunando Datta

     The adaptive SNX32 regulates cargo sorting in neuronal and non-neuronal cells.
118. 1. Cell Biology

     Endosomal trafficking of two-pore K⁺ efflux channel TWIK2 to plasmalemma mediates NLRP3 inflammasome activation and inflammatory injury

     Long Shuang Huang, Mohammad Anas ... Asrar B Malik

     Rab11a-mediated endosomal trafficking in macrophages regulates potassium channel localization and activity at the cell surface and the downstream activation of the inflammasome and is a potential therapeutic target in acute or chronic inflammatory states.
119. 1. Neuroscience

     Motor cortex analogue neurons in songbirds utilize Kv3 channels to generate ultranarrow spikes

     Benjamin M Zemel, Alexander A Nevue ... Henrique von Gersdorff

     Molecular and electrophysiological evidence shows that Kv3 subunits contribute critically to ultrashort action potential waveforms and high-frequency firing in large projection neurons in zebra finch motor nuclei controlling song production and somatic movements.
120. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     Mouse B2 SINE elements function as IFN-inducible enhancers

     Isabella Horton, Conor J Kelly ... Edward B Chuong

     An epigenomic analysis in mouse macrophages reveals that a highly abundant transposable element exhibits activity as an immune inducible regulatory element.
121. 1. Neuroscience

     Human endogenous oxytocin and its neural correlates show adaptive responses to social touch based on recent social context

     Linda Handlin, Giovanni Novembre ... India Morrison

     Touch-mediated social interactions in human females elicited endogenous oxytocin and brain responses in a covariant manner, and these changes were modulated by the familiarity of the person delivering touch as well as the recent history of social interaction.
122. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease
     2. Physics of Living Systems

     Substrate stiffness impacts early biofilm formation by modulating Pseudomonas aeruginosa twitching motility

     Sofia Gomez, Lionel Bureau ... Sigolene Lecuyer

     The spatial organization of pathogenic bacteria into microcolonies can be shaped by the stiffness of the substrate that they colonize, via modifications of the bacterial motility.
123. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     The large GTPase Sey1/atlastin mediates lipid droplet- and FadL-dependent intracellular fatty acid metabolism of Legionella pneumophila

     Dario Hüsler, Pia Stauffer ... Hubert Hilbi

     Intracellular growth of the bacterial pathogen Legionella pneumophila in the amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum implicates a bacterial fatty acid transporter as well as dynamic interactions of the distinct membrane-bound replication compartment with host cell lipid droplets.
124. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

     Tryptophan metabolism determines outcome in tuberculous meningitis: a targeted metabolomic analysis

     Edwin Ardiansyah, Julian Avila-Pacheco ... Nguyen Thuy Thuong Thuong

     High cerebrospinal fluid tryptophan levels consistently predict increased mortality in HIV-infected and -uninfected patients in Vietnam and Indonesia.
125. 1. Cancer Biology

     Proteomic characteristics reveal the signatures and the risks of T1 colorectal cancer metastasis to lymph nodes

     Aojia Zhuang, Aobo Zhuang ... Chen Ding

     Based on the proteomics results, T1 CRC LNM prediction models were built using machine learning, the functional differences and biomarkers between LNM-negative and LNM-positive patients were revealed.
126. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Computational and Systems Biology

     Transcriptional regulation of Sis1 promotes fitness but not feedback in the heat shock response

     Rania Garde, Abhyudai Singh ... David Pincus

     The chaperones Hsp70 and Sis1 collaborate to repress the heat shock response and are both transcriptional targets of the heat shock response, yet only Hsp70 acts as a negative feedback regulator of the heat shock response.
127. 1. Ecology
     2. Evolutionary Biology

     Tradeoffs explain scaling, sex differences, and seasonal oscillations in the remarkable weapons of snapping shrimp (Alpheus spp.)

     Jason P Dinh, SN Patek

     Observational field analyses demonstrate that within a species, variation in animal weapon size corresponds to individual differences in the costs and benefits of weaponry.
128. 1. Ecology

     Larger but younger fish when growth outpaces mortality in heated ecosystem

     Max Lindmark, Malin Karlsson, Anna Gårdmark

     Elevated growth rates and increased size-at-age leads to a larger population size structure, despite higher mortality and a younger population after three decades of exposure to 5–10°C higher temperatures in a large-scale natural climate change experiment.
129. 1. Ecology
     2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Universal gut microbial relationships in the gut microbiome of wild baboons

     Kimberly E Roche, Johannes R Bjork ... Elizabeth A Archie

     In baboon gut microbiota, most pairwise correlations in bacterial abundances are weak and negative, and bacterial correlation patterns are largely shared across hosts, rather than personalized to each hosts.
130. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

     Down-regulated GAS6 impairs synovial macrophage efferocytosis and promotes obesity-associated osteoarthritis

     Zihao Yao, Weizhong Qi ... Haiyan Zhang

     Down-regulation of GAS6 by M1 macrophages resulted in impaired efferocytosis for synovial apoptotic cells, causing synovial hyperplasia and obesity-associated OA development.
131. 1. Computational and Systems Biology

     Sex, strain, and lateral differences in brain cytoarchitecture across a large mouse population

     David Elkind, Hannah Hochgerner ... Amit Zeisel

     Across individuals of a mouse population, brain regions volumes scaled to accommodate the same amount of cells, but left hemisphere cortical regions were denser than right, and several regions of the limbic system were more pronounced in either sex.
132. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     A pH-dependent cluster of charges in a conserved cryptic pocket on flaviviral envelopes

     Lorena Zuzic, Jan K Marzinek ... Peter J Bond

     Benzene mapping simulations of envelope protein rafts from six different flaviviruses reveal a conserved cryptic site whose cluster of ionisable residues is likely responsible for orchestrating pH-dependent conformational changes during fusion, thereby representing an attractive target for antiviral development.
133. 1. Medicine

     Osteoblast-intrinsic defect in glucose metabolism impairs bone formation in type II diabetic male mice

     Fangfang Song, Won Dong Lee ... Fanxin Long

     Osteoblast glucose metabolism is impaired in a mouse model for type II diabetes and can be boosted pharmacologically or genetically to alleviate diabetic osteopenia.
134. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Developmental Biology

     The fat body cortical actin network regulates Drosophila inter-organ nutrient trafficking, signaling, and adipose cell size

     Rupali Ugrankar-Banerjee, Son Tran ... W Mike Henne

     Fat-body-specific loss of actin isoform Act5C disrupts fat body cell growth and fat storage, lipoprotein secretion, and insulin signaling, revealing a non-canonical role for the cortical actin cytoskeleton in nutrient signaling and inter-organelle trafficking.
135. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Developmental Biology

     The dark kinase STK32A regulates hair cell planar polarity opposite of EMX2 in the developing mouse inner ear

     Shihai Jia, Evan M Ratzan ... Michael R Deans

     The planar polarized organization of vestibular hair cells in the mouse inner ear is determined by the coordinated activities of the STK32A kinase and the transcription factor EMX2 to regulate the orphan receptor GPR156.
136. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Two enhancer binding proteins activate σ⁵⁴-dependent transcription of a quorum regulatory RNA in a bacterial symbiont

     Ericka D Surrett, Kirsten R Guckes ... Tim I Miyashiro

     Genetic analysis and host colonization assays reveal a regulatory mechanism that enables a bacterial symbiont to bypass the constraints of quorum sensing to activate specific cellular traits necessary to colonize its host.
137. 1. Neuroscience

     Theta- and gamma-band oscillatory uncoupling in the macaque hippocampus

     Saman Abbaspoor, Ahmed T Hussin, Kari L Hoffman

     Oscillations that co-occur in hippocampal CA1 during exploration in the rodent are shown to segregate according to exploratory and sleep states in the primate.
138. 1. Neuroscience

     Modulation of sleep by trafficking of lipids through the Drosophila blood-brain barrier

     Fu Li, Gregory Artiushin, Amita Sehgal

     Metabolites, such as acylcarnitines, accumulate in Drosophila heads when endocytosis is blocked and reflects an increased need for sleep.
139. 1. Genetics and Genomics

     Limitations of principal components in quantitative genetic association models for human studies

     Yiqi Yao, Alejandro Ochoa

     It is always better to use mixed effects models over principal components association regression for genetic association studies of continuous traits, since the former models family structure and close relatives are always found in real human studies.
140. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Roles for mycobacterial DinB2 in frameshift and substitution mutagenesis

     Pierre Dupuy, Shreya Ghosh ... Michael S Glickman

     Genetic and biochemical analyses reveal an important role for the translesion DNA polymerase DinB2 in mycobacterial mutagenesis, including in the insertion/deletion events that are an increasingly recognized type of diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis genomes.
141. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Principles for coding associative memories in a compact neural network

     Christian Pritz, Eyal Itskovits ... Alon Zaslaver

     A compact neural network can form various associative memories that are encoded in a distributed manner, where each neuron stores different components of the memory.
142. 1. Medicine
     2. Neuroscience

     The need to change: Is there a critical role of midlife adaptation in mental health later in life?

     Friederike Thams, Stefanie Brassen

     A new developmental model of cognitive-emotional adaptation in midlife builds on current findings from lifespan psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and research in late-life depression.
143. 1. Neuroscience

     Temporal integration is a robust feature of perceptual decisions

     Alexandre Hyafil, Jaime de la Rocha ... Jonathan W Pillow

     Responses of monkeys, rats, and humans performing perceptual discrimination of discrete-sample stimuli rely on accumulation over time of sensory evidence.
144. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
     2. Immunology and Inflammation

     Viral persistence, reactivation, and mechanisms of long COVID

     Benjamin Chen, Boris Julg ... RECOVER Mechanistic Pathways Task Force

     Persistence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and reactivation of unrelated latent viruses may play a role in the development and pathogenesis of long COVID, and future research should focus on identifying the mechanisms behind these interactions.
145. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Immunology and Inflammation

     Improved T cell receptor antigen pairing through data-driven filtering of sequencing information from single cells

     Helle Rus Povlsen, Amalie Kai Bentzen ... Morten Nielsen

     A bioinformatics approach shows how to reduce noise in single-cell TCR-pMHC specificity data while retaining sensitivity toward cross-binding events to facilitate investigation of the rules governing TCR-pMHC binding.
146. 1. Computational and Systems Biology

     Shared enhancer gene regulatory networks between wound and oncogenic programs

     Swann Floc'hlay, Ramya Balaji ... Stein Aerts

     Single-cell multiomics reveals the gene regulatory networks and enhancer logic underlying two distinct wound response cell states in the Drosophila wing imaginal disc and finds similarities with cell states observed in the Ras-scrib tumor model.
147. 1. Genetics and Genomics
     2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     The mutational signatures of poor treatment outcomes on the drug-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome

     Yiwang Chen, Qi Jiang ... Qian Gao

     There are fourteen genomic variants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that are significantly associated with poor treatment outcomes in drug-susceptible TB patients, but their predictive value is limited.
148. 1. Neuroscience

     Retinal motion statistics during natural locomotion

     Karl S Muller, Jonathan Matthis ... Mary Hayhoe

     Retinal motion patterns during locomotion are shaped by gait, gaze location, and the terrain, and these motion patterns may influence the way motion sensitivity and receptive field properties vary across the visual field.
149. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Metabolic activity organizes olfactory representations

     Wesley W Qian, Jennifer N Wei ... Alexander B Wiltschko

     Metabolic activity across all living things represents an organizing principle for the sense of smell in humans and animals.
150. 1. Cell Biology

     Empagliflozin reduces podocyte lipotoxicity in experimental Alport syndrome

     Mengyuan Ge, Judith Molina ... Alessia Fornoni

     SGLT2 inhibitors reduce podocyte lipotoxicity and improve kidney function in experimental Alport syndrome through a mechanism that involves a switch from the utilization of glucose to fatty acids as an energy substrate in podocytes.
151. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Role of cytoneme structures and extracellular vesicles in Trichomonas vaginalis parasite-parasite communication

     Nehuén Salas, Manuela Blasco Pedreros ... Natalia de Miguel

     Understanding communication mechanisms between unicellular parasites is crucial in the development of novel therapies, as they rely on diverse modes of communication (like extracellular vesicle release, cytoneme, and filopodia formation) to regulate their behavior and survival.
152. 1. Ecology

     Social learning mechanisms shape transmission pathways through replicate local social networks of wild birds

     Kristina B Beck, Ben C Sheldon, Josh A Firth

     Social connectivity increases an individual’s likelihood of behavioural adoption if the learning rule depends on the extent of social connections to informed others, but is unrelated when learning depends on the ratio of connections to informed versus uninformed others.
153. 1. Computational and Systems Biology

     Applying causal discovery to single-cell analyses using CausalCell

     Yujian Wen, Jielong Huang ... Hao Zhu

     Based on benchmarking various methods and analyzing multiple real scRNA-seq datasets, a computational platform/workflow and a set of tips for best practices are developed for analyzing causal interactions or relationships in single cells.
154. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Physics of Living Systems

     Physical basis of the cell size scaling laws

     Romain Rollin, Jean-François Joanny, Pierre Sens

     A theoretical model explains how protein density and nuclear to cell volume ratio are maintained during cell growth, discusses conditions under which this breaks down, and highlights the importance of metabolites, mainly amino acids such as glutamate, in this homeostasis.
155. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

     Mitochondrial protein import clogging as a mechanism of disease

     Liam P Coyne, Xiaowen Wang ... Xin Jie Chen

     Missense mutations in the nuclear-encoded adenine nucleotide translocase 1 (Ant1) cause the protein to clog the mitochondrial protein import pathway, to severely inhibit cell growth in yeast, and to cause neurodegeneration and myopathy in mice that phenocopy ANT1-induced human disease.
156. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

     Projected long-term effects of colorectal cancer screening disruptions following the COVID-19 pandemic

     Pedro Nascimento de Lima, Rosita van den Puttelaar ... Carolyn M Rutter

     Unequal recovery in colorectal cancer screening following the COVID-19 pandemic can widen disparities in colorectal cancer outcomes.
157. 1. Neuroscience

     Humans parsimoniously represent auditory sequences by pruning and completing the underlying network structure

     Lucas Benjamin, Ana Fló ... Ghislaine Dehaene-Lambertz

     When exposed to sound sequences, humans compute biased transition probabilities between elements, extract the underlying network structure, and even generalize missing data.