September 2017

Research articles

1. 1. Neuroscience

   Parvalbumin-positive interneurons mediate neocortical-hippocampal interactions that are necessary for memory consolidation

   Frances Xia, Blake A Richards ... Paul W Frankland

   Electrophysiological and behavioural experiments reveal that parvalbumin interneuron-mediated increases in neocortical-hippocampal interactions are necessary for successful memory consolidation.
2. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
   2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

   CpG and UpA dinucleotides in both coding and non-coding regions of echovirus 7 inhibit replication initiation post-entry

   Jelke Jan Fros, Isabelle Dietrich ... Peter Simmonds

   RNA virus replication is attenuated by an intrinsic restriction mechanism after introducing CpG/UpA dinucleotides into both non-translated and coding regions of viral genomes, which may be exploited in the design of attenuated virus vaccines.
3. 1. Cell Biology

   Ubiquitylation-independent activation of Notch signalling by Delta

   Nicole Berndt, Ekaterina Seib ... Thomas Klein

   Analysis of a variant without lysine in the intracellular domain reveals a ubiquitylation-independent signalling activity of the DSL ligand Delta and novel functions of the Neuralized and Mindbomb1 E3-ligases during Notch signalling.
4. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
   2. Developmental Biology

   The ceramide synthase 2b gene mediates genomic sensing and regulation of sphingosine levels during zebrafish embryogenesis

   Karen Mendelson, Suveg Pandey ... Todd Evans

   Developing oocytes lacking Sphk2 sense high sphingosine levels and transcriptionally activate expression of the gene encoding Cers2b, to mediate a salvage pathway to reduce potentially toxic sphingosine.
5. 1. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine
   2. Genetics and Genomics

   Multiplexed genetic engineering of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells using CRISPR/Cas9 and AAV6

   Rasmus O Bak, Daniel P Dever ... Matthew H Porteus

   The CRISPR/Cas9 system can be used with recombinant AAV6 donor delivery to facilitate simultaneous, targeted integration into multiple genetic loci in hematopoietic stem and progrenitor cells.
6. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
   2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

   A Histidine pH sensor regulates activation of the Ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor RasGRP1

   Yvonne Vercoulen, Yasushi Kondo ... Jeroen P Roose

   The Ras activator RasGRP1 that impacts Ras signals in immune cells, leukemias, and colorectal cancer, switches to an active conformation aided by a pH-sensitive histidine residue in a central location of the RasGRP1 molecule.
7. 1. Developmental Biology

   A tissue-specific, Gata6-driven transcriptional program instructs remodeling of the mature arterial tree

   Marta Losa, Victor Latorre ... Nicoletta Bobola

   The transcription factor GATA6 selects the embryonic vessels that will be reorganized into the major thoracic arteries by promoting local differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells.
8. 1. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

   Neural stem cells induce the formation of their physical niche during organogenesis

   Ali Seleit, Isabel Krämer ... Lazaro Centanin

   A physical niche for neural stem cells is generated by the induction of the immediate skin epithelium, a process triggered by the arrival of neural precursors during sensory organ formation in medaka.
9. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

   Molecular determinants of permeation in a fluoride-specific ion channel

   Nicholas B Last, Senmiao Sun ... Christopher Miller

   The ion-transport pathway of an unconventional bacterial fluoride channel is mapped out through combined crystallographic and functional experiments.
10. 1. Cell Biology

    Unfolded protein response transducer IRE1-mediated signaling independent of XBP1 mRNA splicing is not required for growth and development of medaka fish

    Tokiro Ishikawa, Makoto Kashima ... Kazutoshi Mori

    The unfolded protein response sensor/transducer IRE1-mediated splicing of XBP1 mRNA encoding its active downstream transcription factor to maintain the homeostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum is sufficient for growth and development of medaka fish.
11. 1. Cell Biology

    Actin-based protrusions of migrating neutrophils are intrinsically lamellar and facilitate direction changes

    Lillian K Fritz-Laylin, Megan Riel-Mehan ... R Dyche Mullins

    Neutrophil pseudopods are composed of multiple sheets that are inherently flat, protrude in three dimensions, and whose assembly correlates with cell turning.
12. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) prime the limb specific Shh enhancer for chromatin changes that balance histone acetylation mediated by E26 transformation-specific (ETS) factors

    Silvia Peluso, Adam Douglas ... Robert E Hill

    FGF signalling is responsible for priming the developmental enhancer ZRS across the distal limb mesenchyme during development, allowing ETS factors to modulate its activity through balancing histone acetylation.
13. 1. Neuroscience

    An insect-like mushroom body in a crustacean brain

    Gabriella Hannah Wolff, Hanne Halkinrud Thoen ... Nicholas James Strausfeld

    An insect-like mushroom body in one group of crustaceans, the mantis shrimps (Stomatopoda), suggests either an ancient origin of this center and its reduction and loss in other crustaceans, or an extraordinary example of convergent evolution with the insect mushroom body.
14. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    A potent human neutralizing antibody Fc-dependently reduces established HBV infections

    Dan Li, Wenhui He ... Jianhua Sui

    A novel and potent receptor-binding-blockage human neutralizing antibody prevents HBV infection, and suppresses HBV infection therapeutically in HBV-infected mice.
15. 1. Neuroscience

    Infants are superior in implicit crossmodal learning and use other learning mechanisms than adults

    Sophie Rohlf, Boukje Habets ... Brigitte Röder

    Electrophysiological activity indicates superior implicit crossmodal learning in infants and a change in learning mode from infancy to adulthood.
16. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Identification of highly-protective combinations of Plasmodium vivax recombinant proteins for vaccine development

    Camila Tenorio França, Michael T White ... Ivo Mueller

    Antibody responses to individual and optimal combinations of P. vivax recombinant proteins in naturally-exposed populations help to identify correlates of protective immunity, and establish a clear path to testing a multicomponent P. vivax vaccine.
17. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Rac1 GTPase activates the WAVE regulatory complex through two distinct binding sites

    Baoyu Chen, Hui-Ting Chou ... Michael K Rosen

    The cryo-electron microscopy structure of an assembly of the WAVE Regulatory Complex and its activator, the Rac GTPase, plus complementary biochemistry and biophysics, reveal a novel activation mechanism involving two distinct Rac binding sites.
18. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Msn2/4 regulate expression of glycolytic enzymes and control transition from quiescence to growth

    Zheng Kuang, Sudarshan Pinglay ... Jef D Boeke

    General stress response factors Msn2 and Msn4 activate glycolytic genes and promote acetyl-CoA accumulation to stimulate growth and proliferation of yeast cells under a nutrient-limiting condition, suggesting the unexpected interrelationship between carbohydrate metabolism and stress response.
19. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Natural mismatch repair mutations mediate phenotypic diversity and drug resistance in Cryptococcus deuterogattii

    R Blake Billmyre, Shelly Applen Clancey, Joseph Heitman

    Eukaryotic pathogens, like Cryptococcus deuterogattii, can use elevated mutation rates to more rapidly adapt to stresses, such as drug challenges, but at the cost of lower fitness in less stressful environments.
20. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
    2. Cell Biology

    Investigating molecular crowding within nuclear pores using polarization-PALM

    Guo Fu, Li-Chun Tu ... Siegfried M Musser

    The super-resolution fluorescence microscopy approach polarization PALM (p-PALM) reveals that macromolecular crowding and inhomogeneity within nuclear pores generate a structurally and dynamically complex permeability barrier.
21. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Mechanism of environmentally driven conformational changes that modulate H-NS DNA-bridging activity

    Ramon A van der Valk, Jocelyne Vreede ... Remus T Dame

    The DNA-bridging efficiency of H-NS, a genome organising and transcription regulatory protein, is modulated by changes in environmental conditions of the cell, which drive a structural rearrangement of the protein.
22. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    A reverse transcriptase ribozyme

    Biswajit Samanta, Gerald F Joyce

    An RNA enzyme is shown to function as a reverse transcriptase, an activity thought to be crucial for the transition from RNA to DNA genomes during the early history of life on Earth.
23. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Host proteostasis modulates influenza evolution

    Angela M Phillips, Luna O Gonzalez ... Matthew D Shoulders

    Host protein homeostasis is a critical force shaping influenza evolution, impacting both the nature of selection on the influenza genome and the accessibility of specific mutational trajectories.
24. 1. Developmental Biology

    Essential role for SUN5 in anchoring sperm head to the tail

    Yongliang Shang, Fuxi Zhu ... Wei Li

    SUN5 is essential for the tight junction between sperm head and the head-tail coupling apparatus, and is the main cause of human acephalic spermatozoa syndrome.
25. 1. Neuroscience

    Signal integration at spherical bushy cells enhances representation of temporal structure but limits its range

    Christian Keine, Rudolf Rübsamen, Bernhard Englitz

    Inhibition reduces the neuronal representation of acoustic signals to enhance temporal precision in the auditory brainstem.
26. 1. Cell Biology

    Regulated Ire1-dependent mRNA decay requires no-go mRNA degradation to maintain endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis in S. pombe

    Nicholas R Guydosh, Philipp Kimmig ... Rachel Green

    A critical component of the cellular response to unfolded proteins is the widespread rescue of ribosomes that stall on endonucleolytically-cleaved mRNA transcripts.
27. 1. Neuroscience

    A double-sided microscope to realize whole-ganglion imaging of membrane potential in the medicinal leech

    Yusuke Tomina, Daniel A Wagenaar

    For the first time, action potentials and subthreshold postsynaptic potentials of almost all individual identifiable neurons within a functional unit of the leech nervous system were simultaneously imaged during sensory processing and behavioral generation.
28. 1. Neuroscience

    Two-photon calcium imaging of the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus without cortical invasion

    Masashi Kondo, Kenta Kobayashi ... Masanori Matsuzaki

    Establishment of two-photon imaging with a 1100-nm laser, which underfills the objective's back aperture, detects activity of multiple neurons in the prelimbic area and hippocampal CA1 region of the intact mouse brain.
29. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Asymmetry of movements in CFTR's two ATP sites during pore opening serves their distinct functions

    Ben Sorum, Beáta Töröcsik, László Csanády

    In the CFTR chloride channel, ATP bound in the catalytic site promotes pore opening, whereas ATP bound in the non-catalytic site supports unidirectional conformational cycling by preventing pore closure without ATP hydrolysis in the catalytic site.
30. 1. Computational and Systems Biology

    Systematic integration of biomedical knowledge prioritizes drugs for repurposing

    Daniel Scott Himmelstein, Antoine Lizee ... Sergio E Baranzini

    Project Rephetio combines data integration and systematic analysis to enable drug repurposing predictions on an unprecedented scale.
31. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Cooperative interactions enable singular olfactory receptor expression in mouse olfactory neurons

    Kevin Monahan, Ira Schieren ... Stavros Lomvardas

    Biochemical and genetic experiments show that Ebf and Lhx2 cooperate to specify olfactory receptor enhancers, which cooperate to drive olfactory receptor expression.
32. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Plant Biology

    A quantitative hypermorphic CNGC allele confers ectopic calcium flux and impairs cellular development

    David M Chiasson, Kristina Haage ... Martin Parniske

    A mutant allele encoding a deregulated subunit of an ion channel tetramer revealed a mechanistic connection between protein heteromerization and quantitative genetic behavior.
33. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
    2. Cell Biology

    Structural inhibition of dynamin-mediated membrane fission by endophilin

    Annika Hohendahl, Nathaniel Talledge ... Aurélien Roux

    The BAR protein endophilin spaces out turns of the dynamin helix, blocking its active conformational change and membrane fission.
34. 1. Cell Biology

    Ubiquilin1 promotes antigen-receptor mediated proliferation by eliminating mislocalized mitochondrial proteins

    Alexandra M Whiteley, Miguel A Prado ... Eric J Brown

    Stimulation of cells with a mitochondria-depolarizing mitogen reveals a requirement for UBQLN1 expression in maintaining protein synthesis levels during cell cycle entry.
35. 1. Neuroscience

    Learning induces the translin/trax RNase complex to express activin receptors for persistent memory

    Alan Jung Park, Robbert Havekes ... Ted Abel

    Combination of in vitro and in vivo approaches reveal how learning suppresses the microRNA system to trigger de novo synthesis of plasticity proteins, a missing link in the current model of microRNA-mediated translation in persistent synaptic plasticity and memory.
36. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Neuroscience

    Initial elevations in glutamate and dopamine neurotransmission decline with age, as does exploratory behavior, in LRRK2 G2019S knock-in mice

    Mattia Volta, Dayne A Beccano-Kelly ... Austen J Milnerwood

    LRRK2 G2019S knock-in mice are a genetically faithful model that recapitulates the slow disease progression of familial PD, with initial alterations to behaviour and neurotransmission providing early pathophysiological targets for neuroprotective interventions.
37. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
    2. Cell Biology

    Dynamics of the IFT machinery at the ciliary tip

    Alexander Chien, Sheng Min Shih ... Ahmet Yildiz

    During intraflagellar transport (IFT), kinesin-II dissociates from IFT trains at the flagellar tip and its diffusion in flagella serves as a negative feedback mechanism that facilitates flagellar length control in Chlamydomonas.
38. 1. Neuroscience

    Rapid whole brain imaging of neural activity in freely behaving larval zebrafish (Danio rerio)

    Lin Cong, Zeguan Wang ... Quan Wen

    The integration of a novel high spatiotemporal resolution volume imaging technique and a fast 3D tracking system allows capturing whole brain neural activities in a freely behaving larval zebrafish.
39. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    BMPs direct sensory interneuron identity in the developing spinal cord using signal-specific not morphogenic activities

    Madeline G Andrews, Lorenzo M del Castillo ... Samantha J Butler

    Members of the BMP family of growth factors act as a reiterative code of distinct activities to direct the identities of different classes of sensory neurons in the spinal cord.
40. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    Major transcriptional changes observed in the Fulani, an ethnic group less susceptible to malaria

    Jaclyn E Quin, Ioana Bujila ... Ann-Kristin Östlund Farrants

    Examining gene expression in the Fulani, an ethnic group relatively protected from malaria, identifies a more transcriptionally reactive response in cells of the innate immune system.
41. 1. Cancer Biology
    2. Cell Biology

    MELK is not necessary for the proliferation of basal-like breast cancer cells

    Hai-Tsang Huang, Hyuk-Soo Seo ... Nathanael S Gray

    The inhibitory or deletion effect of MELK does not impair the proliferation of basal-like breast cancer cell lines.
42. 1. Neuroscience

    Dynamic representation of partially occluded objects in primate prefrontal and visual cortex

    Amber M Fyall, Yasmine El-Shamayleh ... Anitha Pasupathy

    Complementary neural codes in frontal and visual cortex support a role for feedback signals in the representation and recognition of partially occluded objects.
43. 1. Neuroscience

    Preconditioned cues have no value

    Melissa J Sharpe, Hannah M Batchelor, Geoffrey Schoenbaum

    Preconditioned cues provide information about an associative model but do not, by default, trigger representations of value, either model-based or model-free.
44. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Cell Biology

    Sec17 (α-SNAP) and an SM-tethering complex regulate the outcome of SNARE zippering in vitro and in vivo

    Matthew L Schwartz, Daniel P Nickerson ... Alexey J Merz

    Sec17 is shown to have divergent effects on pre-fusion SNARE complex activity, depending on the state of SNARE zippering and HOPS, an SM-tether complex, controls the outcome of Sec17-SNARE engagement.
45. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    The C. elegans neural editome reveals an ADAR target mRNA required for proper chemotaxis

    Sarah N Deffit, Brian A Yee ... Heather A Hundley

    Identification of tissue-specific RNA editing using a robust, publicly-available platform (SAILOR) reveals noncoding A-to-I editing events required for proper gene expression and neurological function, significantly advancing the understanding of how ADARs function in neural cells.
46. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Computational and Systems Biology

    Computational design of environmental sensors for the potent opioid fentanyl

    Matthew J Bick, Per J Greisen ... David Baker

    State-of-the-art computational methods have facilitated the construction of plant-based sentinels for detecting toxic molecules in the environment.
47. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

    Loss of foxo rescues stem cell aging in Drosophila germ line

    Filippo Artoni, Rebecca E Kreipke ... Hannele Ruohola-Baker

    Loss of foxo rescues age-related defects in stem cell-mediated regeneration post-injury.
48. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Restraint of presynaptic protein levels by Wnd/DLK signaling mediates synaptic defects associated with the kinesin-3 motor Unc-104

    Jiaxing Li, Yao V Zhang ... Catherine A Collins

    Synaptic defects previously attributed to loss of kinesin function are found to be mediated by the Wnd/DLK axonal injury signaling pathway, which restrains the total levels of presynaptic proteins in response to their accumulation.
49. 1. Ecology

    Cyclic bouts of extreme bradycardia counteract the high metabolism of frugivorous bats

    M Teague O'Mara, Martin Wikelski ... Dina KN Dechmann

    Novel heart rate strategies that minimize energy expenditure during the day are necessary to cope with high energy nocturnal lifestyles of tent-making bats.
50. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Cancer Biology

    The DREAM complex through its subunit Lin37 cooperates with Rb to initiate quiescence

    Christina FS Mages, Axel Wintsche ... Gerd A Müller

    Lin37 is essential for cell-cycle gene repression by the DREAM complex in cellular quiescence and a combined loss of Lin37 and Rb prevents cell-cycle exit in response to growth-limiting signals.
51. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
    2. Neuroscience

    The P2X7 receptor forms a dye-permeable pore independent of its intracellular domain but dependent on membrane lipid composition

    Akira Karasawa, Kevin Michalski ... Toshimitsu Kawate

    Functional reconstitution of a mammalian P2X7 receptor uncovers an intrinsic and lipid-dependent dye-permeable membrane pore.
52. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Protein-mediated RNA folding governs sequence-specific interactions between rotavirus genome segments

    Alexander Borodavka, Eric C Dykeman ... Don C Lamb

    In rotaviruses, the selective packaging of eleven distinct genomic RNA segments requires virus-encoded protein NSP2 to alter the RNA structures, facilitating their interactions with each other.
53. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
    2. Computational and Systems Biology

    Lipids and ions traverse the membrane by the same physical pathway in the nhTMEM16 scramblase

    Tao Jiang, Kuai Yu ... Emad Tajkhorshid

    A concerted approach employing equilibrium and biased molecular simulations, electrophysiology, mutagenesis, and functional assays reveals, in atomic details, the mechanism and pathway for transport of phospholipids and ions by a lipid scramblase.
54. 1. Neuroscience

    Direct modulation of aberrant brain network connectivity through real-time NeuroFeedback

    Michal Ramot, Sara Kimmich ... Alex Martin

    Many disorders are characterized by underlying abnormalities in network connectivity which, though difficult to address with explicit training procedures, can be directly targeted through covert neurofeedback.
55. 1. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

    Lineage tracing of genome-edited alleles reveals high fidelity axolotl limb regeneration

    Grant Parker Flowers, Lucas D Sanor, Craig M Crews

    CRISPR-based lineage tracing in the axolotl shows that regenerated limbs are composed of the same cell lineages in the same frequencies as those that gave rise to the original limb.
56. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Scc2/Nipbl hops between chromosomal cohesin rings after loading

    James Rhodes, Davide Mazza ... Stephan Uphoff

    The cohesin loading factor Scc2/Nipbl interacts frequently with cohesin after the loading reaction in a manner consistent with a role in stimulating loop extrusion.
57. 1. Cell Biology

    Nanoscale architecture of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe contractile ring

    Nathan A McDonald, Abigail L Lind ... Kathleen L Gould

    Super-resolution microscopy reveals the nanoscale molecular architecture of 29 protein components of a eukaryotic contractile ring relative to the membrane.
58. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Rift Valley fever phlebovirus NSs protein core domain structure suggests molecular basis for nuclear filaments

    Michal Barski, Benjamin Brennan ... Ulrich Schwarz-Linek

    Insight into the molecular assembly of a protein with a central role in infections paves the way to understanding how Rift Valley fever virus causes disease.
59. 1. Neuroscience

    Cortex-wide BOLD fMRI activity reflects locally-recorded slow oscillation-associated calcium waves

    Miriam Schwalm, Florian Schmid ... Albrecht Stroh

    Locally recorded calcium events related to slow wave activity show a global cortical fMRI BOLD correlate, establishing a direct relation between a basic neurophysiological signal and the macroscopic perspective of pre-clinical fMRI.
60. 1. Neuroscience

    A causal role for right frontopolar cortex in directed, but not random, exploration

    Wojciech K Zajkowski, Malgorzata Kossut, Robert C Wilson

    Disruption of right frontopolar cortex with transcranial magnetic stimulation causes selective deficits in exploratory behavior suggesting that different strategies of exploration are implemented by different neural circuits.
61. 1. Neuroscience

    Synaptic up-scaling preserves motor circuit output after chronic, natural inactivity

    Joseph M Santin, Mauricio Vallejo, Lynn K Hartzler

    Synaptic scaling maintains motor output from the respiratory network of bullfrogs after months of inactivity in the winter, providing evidence for homeostatic plasticity in response to large ecologically relevant perturbations in neuronal activity.
62. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Transcription of a 5’ extended mRNA isoform directs dynamic chromatin changes and interference of a downstream promoter

    Minghao Chia, Amy Tresenrider ... Folkert Jacobus van Werven

    Expression of a 5' extended mRNA isoform represses transcription of a downstream promoter.
63. 1. Cell Biology

    Centriole triplet microtubules are required for stable centriole formation and inheritance in human cells

    Jennifer T Wang, Dong Kong ... Tim Stearns

    Deletion of delta-tubulin or epsilon-tubulin in human cells results in loss of centriolar triplet microtubules and defects in centriole structure and inheritance.
64. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Work minimization accounts for footfall phasing in slow quadrupedal gaits

    James R Usherwood, Zoe T Self Davies

    The range of footfall patterns seen in walking amphibians, reptiles and mammals, including hippopotamus, horse and (inverted) sloth, are consistent with simple principles of mechanical work minimization.
65. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Kinetochore inactivation by expression of a repressive mRNA

    Jingxun Chen, Amy Tresenrider ... Elçin Ünal

    Rather than being a protein coding unit, an mRNA molecule can serve a purely regulatory function to inhibit protein synthesis of its corresponding gene.
66. 1. Cell Biology

    The AAA protein Msp1 mediates clearance of excess tail-anchored proteins from the peroxisomal membrane

    Nicholas R Weir, Roarke A Kamber ... Vladimir Denic

    Msp1, a membrane-integral AAA ATPase at mitochondria and peroxisomes, selectively recognizes uncomplexed substrate molecules in vivo while avoiding substrates stabilized by binding partners.
67. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Biochemical adaptations of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium support a metabolic ecosystem in the vertebrate eye

    Mark A Kanow, Michelle M Giarmarco ... James B Hurley

    Metabolic relationships between cells in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium are fundamental to retinal function, retinal disease and age-related vision loss and they may provide strategies for metabolism-based therapies.
68. 1. Neuroscience

    Causal evidence for lateral prefrontal cortex dynamics supporting cognitive control

    Derek Evan Nee, Mark D'Esposito

    Non-invasive brain stimulation tests and refines a model of lateral prefrontal cortex neural dynamics supporting cognitive control.
69. 1. Neuroscience

    Distinct stages of synapse elimination are induced by burst firing of CA1 neurons and differentially require MEF2A/D

    Chia-Wei Chang, Julia R Wilkerson ... Kimberly M Huber

    Increasing periods of neuronal activity progressively weaken and then eliminate synapses through the activation of specific transcription factors and genes.
70. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    A case study for a psychographic-behavioral segmentation approach for targeted demand generation in voluntary medical male circumcision

    Sema K Sgaier, Maria Eletskaya ... Steve Kretschmer

    A novel, hybrid segmentation technique reveals human heterogeneity in barriers towards a behavior, and is applied to characterize distinct segments in voluntary medical male circumcision.
71. 1. Neuroscience

    Multiple conserved cell adhesion protein interactions mediate neural wiring of a sensory circuit in C. elegans

    Byunghyuk Kim, Scott W Emmons

    The formation of neuronal connectivity of a C. elegans neuron pair is promoted by multiplexed interactions of neural cell adhesion proteins, which are evolutionarily conserved across animal taxa.
72. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Assessing the danger of self-sustained HIV epidemics in heterosexuals by population based phylogenetic cluster analysis

    Teja Turk, Nadine Bachmann ... Swiss HIV Cohort Study

    A method to assess the risk of self-sustained HIV transmission in heterosexuals from phylogenetic and epidemiological data is developed and, when applied to the Swiss HIV epidemic, shows that this risk is negligibly small for Switzerland.
73. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

    Crucial role for T cell-intrinsic IL-18R-MyD88 signaling in cognate immune response to intracellular parasite infection

    Ana-Carolina Oliveira, João Francisco Gomes-Neto ... Maria Bellio

    Development of a robust Th1 response to infection against an intracellular parasite requires T-cell intrinsic MyD88 signaling, mostly through the upstream IL-18 receptor, for the induction of genes involved in proliferation, cytokine production and migration.
74. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Cell differentiation defines acute and chronic infection cell types in Staphylococcus aureus

    Juan-Carlos García-Betancur, Angel Goñi-Moreno ... Daniel Lopez

    During Staphylococcus aureus infections, bacterial cells bifurcate into distinct, specialized cell types that localize physically in different colonization tissues to simultaneously generate different infection types.
75. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    A druggable secretory protein maturase of Toxoplasma essential for invasion and egress

    Sunil Kumar Dogga, Budhaditya Mukherjee ... Dominique Soldati-Favre

    An aspartyl protease is essential for the lytic cycle of Toxoplasma gondii and is involved in the maturation of proteins critical for invasion and egress, and it can be targeted selectively with an ethylamine scaffold based peptidomimetic inhibitor.
76. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Medicine

    Genetic identification of a common collagen disease in Puerto Ricans via identity-by-descent mapping in a health system

    Gillian Morven Belbin, Jacqueline Odgis ... Eimear E Kenny

    A health-system embedding method for genomic discovery and clinical characterization of disease highlights the importance of documenting a wider spectrum of genetic disorders in diverse populations.
77. 1. Neuroscience

    Induced sensorimotor cortex plasticity remediates chronic treatment-resistant visual neglect

    Jacinta O'Shea, Patrice Revol ... Yves Rossetti

    Tonic disinhibition of left motor cortex during prism adaptation enhanced consolidation of sensorimotor and cognitive prism after effects, causing lasting clinical gains in three patient cases with chronic treatment-resistant visual neglect.
78. 1. Neuroscience

    A synaptotagmin suppressor screen indicates SNARE binding controls the timing and Ca²⁺ cooperativity of vesicle fusion

    Zhuo Guan, Maria Bykhovskaia ... J Troy Littleton

    A suppressor screen of dominant-negative synaptotagmin-induced lethality in Drosophila identifies key properties of the protein that regulate fusion, including the SNARE interaction surface.
79. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    LARP4 mRNA codon-tRNA match contributes to LARP4 activity for ribosomal protein mRNA poly(A) tail length protection

    Sandy Mattijssen, Aneeshkumar G Arimbasseri ... Richard J Maraia

    The messenger RNA encoding La-related protein-4 (LARP4) contains a short region of instability whose codon clusters are sensitive to low abundance tRNAs that when elevated increase LARP4 activity for poly(A) lengthening of ribosomal protein mRNAs and other mRNAs.
80. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    A synthetic biology approach to probing nucleosome symmetry

    Yuichi Ichikawa, Caitlin F Connelly ... Paul D Kaufman

    A novel system for expression of asymmetric nucleosomes in vivo enables mechanistic studies on histone modification readouts in the cell.
81. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Plant Biology

    Cell type boundaries organize plant development

    Monica Pia Caggiano, Xiulian Yu ... Marcus G Heisler

    Leaf position, shape and orientation are pre-patterned by cell type boundaries in the shoot meristem.
82. 1. Developmental Biology

    Molecular conservation of marsupial and eutherian placentation and lactation

    Michael W Guernsey, Edward B Chuong ... Julie C Baker

    The short-lived tammar wallaby placenta expresses genes resembling eutherian placentas, establishing marsupials as "placental mammals", further, dynamic lactation allows marsupials to compensate for short placentation by expressing key placental genes in the mammary gland.
83. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Regulation of sleep homeostasis by sexual arousal

    Esteban J Beckwith, Quentin Geissmann ... Giorgio F Gilestro

    Sexual arousal, exposure to aphrodisiac pheromones, or mere activation of peripheral pheromone-sensing neurons can modulate sleep homeostasis and are able to counteract the effects of sleep deprivation in Drosophila.
84. 1. Neuroscience

    Localization of spontaneous bursting neuronal activity in the preterm human brain with simultaneous EEG-fMRI

    Tomoki Arichi, Kimberley Whitehead ... Lorenzo Fabrizi

    Direct measure of neural and hemodynamic activity in the developing human brain shows that the insula is a major source of transient bursting events that are critical for cortical maturation.
85. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Neuroscience

    A genomic lifespan program that reorganises the young adult brain is targeted in schizophrenia

    Nathan G Skene, Marcia Roy, Seth GN Grant

    A genetic program controlling brain genes across the lifespan specifies a calendar of changes in cells, synapses and behavioural genes thereby timing the onset of mental illnesses which arise in young adults.
86. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    The E3 ubiquitin ligase IDOL regulates synaptic ApoER2 levels and is important for plasticity and learning

    Jie Gao, Mate Marosi ... Peter Tontonoz

    Control of lipoprotein receptor protein levels at synapses by the E3 ubiquitin ligase IDOL is shown to be important for the plasticity of neuronal dendrites in vitro and learning and memory in mice.
87. 1. Neuroscience

    Thalamic input to auditory cortex is locally heterogeneous but globally tonotopic

    Sebastian A Vasquez-Lopez, Yves Weissenberger ... Johannes C Dahmen

    Layers 1 and 3b/4 of auditory cortex receive surprisingly heterogeneous but tonotopically matching input from the thalamus.
88. 1. Neuroscience

    Network-wide reorganization of procedural memory during NREM sleep revealed by fMRI

    Shahabeddin Vahdat, Stuart Fogel ... Julien Doyon

    Non-REM sleep is essential in the restoration of initial motor memory trace and gradual reorganization of newly-learned information underlying human procedural memory consolidation.
89. 1. Neuroscience

    Removal of inhibition uncovers latent movement potential during preparation

    Uday K Jagadisan, Neeraj J Gandhi

    Non-invasive disinhibition of the oculomotor system shows that ongoing preparatory activity in the superior colliculus has movement-generating potential and need not rise to threshold in order to produce a saccade.
90. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Concentration dependent chromatin states induced by the bicoid morphogen gradient

    Colleen E Hannon, Shelby A Blythe, Eric F Wieschaus

    Interplay between protein concentration, DNA binding and remodeling of the chromatin landscape in early embryogenesis determines how a single transcription factor can specify multiple distinct gene expression states.
91. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    PGAM5 promotes lasting FoxO activation after developmental mitochondrial stress and extends lifespan in Drosophila

    Martin Borch Jensen, Yanyan Qi ... Heinrich Jasper

    A signaling pathway involving PGAM5, ASK1 and JNK induces persistent FoxO activation, chaperone expression and lifespan extension following developmental mitochondrial stress, which can be blocked by mTOR signaling through GCN-2.
92. 1. Neuroscience

    Unusual prism adaptation reveals how grasping is controlled

    Willemijn D Schot, Eli Brenner, Jeroen BJ Smeets

    Adapting single-digit movements in opposite directions makes people open their grip in accordance with the adaptations of the individual digits, showing that grip aperture arises from goal-directed movements of the digits rather than being controlled independently.
93. 1. Cell Biology

    Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor neddylation is regulated by a desmosomal-COP9 (Constitutive Photomorphogenesis 9) signalosome complex

    Nicole Ann Najor, Gillian Nicole Fitz ... Kathleen Janee Green

    A protein interaction screen revealed desmosomes as a scaffold for the COP9 de-neddylating complex, to promote epidermal differentiation by governing the balance of Nedd8 and Ubiquitin modifications on Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor.
94. 1. Cancer Biology

    Regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor via a BET-dependent enhancer drives antiandrogen resistance in prostate cancer

    Neel Shah, Ping Wang ... Charles L Sawyers

    Epigenetic regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor in castration-resistant prostate cancer can be targeted via the use of BET bromodomain inhibitors.
95. 1. Neuroscience

    Cell-specific gain modulation by synaptically released zinc in cortical circuits of audition

    Charles T Anderson, Manoj Kumar ... Thanos Tzounopoulos

    Synaptic zinc is a novel modulator of cortical sound processing - a modulator that increases the gain of principal neurons, but reduces the gain of interneurons.
96. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Epidemiological and ecological determinants of Zika virus transmission in an urban setting

    José Lourenço, Maricelia Maia de Lima ... Mario Recker

    An ento-epidemiological model reveals that what made the Zika virus a public health problem in Feira de Santana, Brazil, was a surprisingly high attack rate coupled with a low risk of Microcephaly per challenged pregnancy.
97. 1. Neuroscience

    Simultaneous activation of parallel sensory pathways promotes a grooming sequence in Drosophila

    Stefanie Hampel, Claire E McKellar ... Andrew M Seeds

    A grooming sequence is produced by a neural architecture that readies different movements simultaneously, and a mechanism where prioritized suppression between the movements determines their sequential performance.
98. 1. Ecology

    Resource depletion through primate stone technology

    Lydia V Luncz, Amanda Tan ... Michael Gumert

    Technology-driven overharvesting of marine prey influences tool selection pattern in long tailed macaques, posing a serious threat to their behavioural traditions.
99. 1. Neuroscience

    Automated long-term recording and analysis of neural activity in behaving animals

    Ashesh K Dhawale, Rajesh Poddar ... Bence P Ölveczky

    A new automated system for recording and analyzing neural activity in behaving animals over months-long time-scales offers new perspectives on how neural circuits underlie processes such as learning, development, and recovery from brain injury.
100. 1. Neuroscience

     Sonic Hedgehog switches on Wnt/planar cell polarity signaling in commissural axon growth cones by reducing levels of Shisa2

     Keisuke Onishi, Yimin Zou

     Sonic Hedgehog signaling may temporally and spatially activate planar cell polarity signaling for cellular and tissue morphogenesis.
101. 1. Developmental Biology

     Kinesin superfamily protein Kif26b links Wnt5a-Ror signaling to the control of cell and tissue behaviors in vertebrates

     Michael W Susman, Edith P Karuna ... Hsin-Yi Henry Ho

     Kif26b, a new component of the evolutionarily conserved Wnt5a-Ror signaling pathway, is controlled by regulated proteolysis and plays crucial roles in mediating vertebrate embryonic tissue morphogenesis.
102. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     MicroCT-based phenomics in the zebrafish skeleton reveals virtues of deep phenotyping in a distributed organ system

     Matthew Hur, Charlotte A Gistelinck ... Ronald Y Kwon

     Deep skeletal phenotyping in adult zebrafish reveals enhanced sensitivity of phenomic patterns in discriminating mutant populations.
103. 1. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

     Inhibition of DYRK1A disrupts neural lineage specificationin human pluripotent stem cells

     Stephanie F Bellmaine, Dmitry A Ovchinnikov ... Martin Pera

     Small molecule inhibition of stem cell differentiation in vitro provides novel insight into how DYRK1A loss disrupts human nervous system development.
104. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

     Standardized mean differences cause funnel plot distortion in publication bias assessments

     Peter-Paul Zwetsloot, Mira Van Der Naald ... Kimberley E Wever

     Funnel plots of the Standardized Mean Difference versus the standard error are prone to distortion, leading to false-positive tests for funnel plot asymmetry, and therefore using the Normalised Mean Difference, or a sample size-based precision estimate, are more reliable alternatives.
105. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

     Characterisation of the biflavonoid hinokiflavone as a pre-mRNA splicing modulator that inhibits SENP

     Andrea Pawellek, Ursula Ryder ... Angus I Lamond

     Hinokiflavone is identified as a splicing modulator that blocks progression from spliceosome complex A to complex B and inhibits SUMO protease SENP1, causing hyper-SUMOylation affecting 6 U2 snRNP proteins.
106. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     The physical dimensions of amyloid aggregates control their infective potential as prion particles

     Ricardo Marchante, David M Beal ... Wei-Feng Xue

     Size threshold and suprastructure formation are key parameters that control the infective potential of amyloid fibrils as prion particles.
107. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
     2. Neuroscience

     Reconciling isothermal titration calorimetry analyses of interactions between complexin and truncated SNARE complexes

     Eric A Prinslow, Chad A Brautigam, Josep Rizo

     Isothermal titration calorimetry experiments clarify apparently discrepant results described previously and show that N-terminal sequences of complexin bind to SNARE complexes containing C-terminally truncated synaptobrevin when they include the syntaxin-1 juxtamembrane region.
108. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Dual function of the PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 axis in myelination of the peripheral nervous system

     Gianluca Figlia, Camilla Norrmén ... Ueli Suter

     High PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 activity inhibits Schwann cell differentiation, while after onset of myelination, residual PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 activity promotes myelin growth.
109. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Fundamental bound on the persistence and capacity of short-term memory stored as graded persistent activity

     Onur Ozan Koyluoglu, Yoni Pertzov ... Ila R Fiete

     A fundamental lower-bound on memory recall precision, which declines with storage duration and number of stored items, is derived, and human performance is shown to be well-fit by this theoretical bound.
110. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Post-translational thioamidation of methyl-coenzyme M reductase, a key enzyme in methanogenic and methanotrophic Archaea

     Dipti D Nayak, Nilkamal Mahanta ... William W Metcalf

     Post-translational installation of thioglycine in methyl-coenzyme M reductase in the methanogenic archaeon Methanosarcina acetivorans is mediated by the tfuA-ycaO locus and stabilizes the protein secondary structure near the active site.
111. 1. Cell Biology

     H⁺- and Na⁺- elicited rapid changes of the microtubule cytoskeleton in the biflagellated green alga Chlamydomonas

     Yi Liu, Mike Visetsouk ... Pinfen Yang

     Acidification and salt, which are two major stresses caused by environmental changes, swiftly and drastically alter the microtubule system in green algae and likely many other organisms.
112. 1. Developmental Biology

     Transient hypothyroidism favors oligodendrocyte generation providing functional remyelination in the adult mouse brain

     Sylvie Remaud, Fernando C Ortiz ... Barbara Demeneix

     Production of remyelinating subventricular zone oligodendrocyte progenitors is stimulated by transient abrogation of thyroid hormone signalling in the adult neural stem cell niche.
113. 1. Genetics and Genomics
     2. Neuroscience

     Co-expression of xenopsin and rhabdomeric opsin in photoreceptors bearing microvilli and cilia

     Oliver Vöcking, Ioannis Kourtesis ... Harald Hausen

     The recently characterized opsin group of xenopsins is likely a major player in animal eye evolution and may have been present in an ancient, highly plastic eye photoreceptor cell type.
114. 1. Neuroscience

     Light reintroduction after dark exposure reactivates plasticity in adults via perisynaptic activation of MMP-9

     Sachiko Murase, Crystal L Lantz, Elizabeth M Quinlan

     Light reintroduction (LRx) after dark exposure reactivates structural and functional plasticity in the adult mouse visual cortex by increasing the activity of MMP-9 at thalamo-cortical synapses.
115. 1. Developmental Biology
     2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

     lncRNA requirements for mouse acute myeloid leukemia and normal differentiation

     M Joaquina Delás, Leah R Sabin ... Gregory J Hannon

     A comprehensive analysis of long noncoding RNAs in the hematopoietic system reveals their dynamic regulation and a loss-of-function screen identifies some required for leukemia progression and involved in normal myeloid differentiation.
116. 1. Developmental Biology
     2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

     ME31B globally represses maternal mRNAs by two distinct mechanisms during the Drosophila maternal-to-zygotic transition

     Miranda Wang, Michael Ly ... Olivia S Rissland

     ME31B is a general repressor of gene expression in the Drosophila early embryo, repressing translation before the maternal-to-zygotic transition and stimulating mRNA decay after activation of the zygotic genome.
117. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Golgi-independent secretory trafficking through recycling endosomes in neuronal dendrites and spines

     Aaron B Bowen, Ashley M Bourke ... Matthew J Kennedy

     Neurons use a non-canonical secretory network to deliver select proteins to postsynaptic sites in dendrites.
118. 1. Developmental Biology

     Notch/Her12 signalling modulates, motile/immotile cilia ratio downstream of Foxj1a in zebrafish left-right organizer

     Barbara Tavares, Raquel Jacinto ... Susana Santos Lopes

     Foxj1a makes cilia ultrastructurally motile, while Notch signalling stops cilia movement in Kupffer's vesicle.
119. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

     High mTOR activity is a hallmark of reactive natural killer cells and amplifies early signaling through activating receptors

     Antoine Marçais, Marie Marotel ... Thierry Walzer

     Chronic engagement of Natural killer cell inhibitory receptors by MHC-I molecules maintains a high activity of the mTOR pathway allowing subsequent amplification of signaling through activating receptors upon acute stimulation.
120. 1. Neuroscience

     Magnetic eye tracking in mice

     Hannah L Payne, Jennifer L Raymond

     An accurate, robust, and lightweight technique for measuring eye movements in mice was developed using magnetic sensing, yielding the first high resolution recordings of eye movements in freely moving mice.
121. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

     Genetic epidemiology of dengue viruses in phase III trials of the CYD tetravalent dengue vaccine and implications for efficacy

     Maia A Rabaa, Yves Girerd-Chambaz ... Cameron P Simmons

     In large vaccine trials conducted in dengue-endemic Asia and Latin America, the CYD-TDV tetravalent dengue vaccine shows limited variation in intra-serotype efficacy in the target population for vaccination (>9 years).
122. 1. Neuroscience

     Striatal fast-spiking interneurons selectively modulate circuit output and are required for habitual behavior

     Justin K O'Hare, Haofang Li ... Nicole Calakos

     Fast-spiking interneurons of the dorsolateral striatum are found to provide a microcircuit mechanism driving the circuit properties and behavioral adaptations that characterize habit.
123. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Microsaccadic sampling of moving image information provides Drosophila hyperacute vision

     Mikko Juusola, An Dau ... Jouni Takalo

     New experiments and theory reveal how the ability to see image details depends upon photoreceptor function and eye movements, and how fruit flies (Drosophila) see spatial details beyond the optical limit of their compound eyes.
124. 1. Neuroscience

     Dipolar extracellular potentials generated by axonal projections

     Thomas McColgan, Ji Liu ... Richard Kempter

     Action potentials propagating in axon bundles with bifurcating and terminating fibers cause strong and far-reaching extracellular potentials.
125. 1. Neuroscience

     Species-specific modulation of food-search behavior by respiration and chemosensation in Drosophila larvae

     Daeyeon Kim, Mar Alvarez ... Matthieu Louis

     In naturalistic conditions, larvae of the Drosophila group exhibit species-specific strategies to search for food resources through a primitive form of risk-taking behavior that is controlled by a tradeoff between exploitation and odor-driven exploration.
126. 1. Neuroscience

     Aversive stimuli drive hypothalamus-to-habenula excitation to promote escape behavior

     Salvatore Lecca, Frank Julius Meye ... Manuel Mameli

     Glutamatergic signaling from the lateral hypothalamus instructs lateral habenular neurons for encoding aversive external stimuli to subsequently guide escape behaviours.
127. 1. Neuroscience

     Attenuation of dopamine-modulated prefrontal value signals underlies probabilistic reward learning deficits in old age

     Lieke de Boer, Jan Axelsson ... Marc Guitart-Masip

     Attenuated anticipatory activity in ventromedial prefrontal cortex is modulated by dopamine D1 receptor density in nucleus accumbens, and accounts for impaired probabilistic reward learning in older adults.
128. 1. Neuroscience

     C. elegans avoids toxin-producing Streptomyces using a seven transmembrane domain chemosensory receptor

     Alan Tran, Angelina Tang ... Miri K VanHoven

     Caenorhabditis elegans require a GPCR to recognize and rapidly escape from toxin-producing Streptomyces at their head or tail.
129. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Plant Biology

     Rapid transporter regulation prevents substrate flow traffic jams in boron transport

     Naoyuki Sotta, Susan Duncan ... Verônica A Grieneisen

     To avoid internal traffic jams of nutrients that they absorb, plants need to swiftly regulate the transporters that take up those nutrients.
130. 1. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

     Stress responsive miR-31 is a major modulator of mouse intestinal stem cells during regeneration and tumorigenesis

     Yuhua Tian, Xianghui Ma ... Zhengquan Yu

     miR-31 drives proliferation of intestinal stem cells, and protects intestinal stem cells against apoptosis both during homeostasis and regeneration in response to ionizing radiation injury, and promotes intestinal tumorigenesis through regulation of multiple signaling pathways.
131. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Single methyl groups can act as toggle switches to specify transmembrane Protein-protein interactions

     Li He, Helena Steinocher ... Daniel DiMaio

     The placement of single methyl groups at certain positions in the sequence of small model transmembrane proteins consisting solely of leucines and isoleucines can modulate highly specific, productive interactions with the transmembrane domain of the erythropoietin receptor.
132. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Developmental Biology

     A transgenic toolkit for visualizing and perturbing microtubules reveals unexpected functions in the epidermis

     Andrew Muroyama, Terry Lechler

     The dynamics and functions of epidermal microtubules are revealed through the use of transgenic tools to image and perturb microtubule arrays.
133. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

     Mcm10 promotes rapid isomerization of CMG-DNA for replisome bypass of lagging strand DNA blocks

     Lance D Langston, Ryan Mayle ... Mike E O'Donnell

     Biochemical data demonstrate an unexpected and critical function for the enigmatic Mcm10 protein in helping the eukaryotic CMG helicase/replisome bypass roadblocks on the DNA that may also explain Mcm10 function at origins of replication.
134. 1. Cell Biology

     The genomic landscape of human cellular circadian variation points to a novel role for the signalosome

     Ludmila Gaspar, Cedric Howald ... Steven A Brown

     Cellular genetics highlights differences in protein catabolism in general, and the COP9 signalosome in particular, as one major source of human cellular circadian variation.
135. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
     2. Immunology and Inflammation

     The complex relationship of exposure to new Plasmodium infections and incidence of clinical malaria in Papua New Guinea

     Natalie E Hofmann, Stephan Karl ... Ivo Mueller

     Under sustained malaria control in PNG, the incidence of distinct blood-stage infections quantifies heterogeneity in transmission, significantly predicting risk of both P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria episodes at a population and individual scale.