July 2020

Research articles

1. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
   2. Neuroscience

   Drainage of inflammatory macromolecules from the brain to periphery targets the liver for macrophage infiltration

   Linlin Yang, Jessica A Jiménez ... Celia E Shiau

   Circulation of molecules from the brain can serve as a rapid mode of communication from the brain to the liver.
2. 1. Developmental Biology
   2. Genetics and Genomics

   Gap junctions deliver malonyl-CoA from soma to germline to support embryogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans

   Todd A Starich, Xiaofei Bai, David Greenstein

   Malonyl-CoA, the rate-limiting substrate for fatty acid synthesis, is produced in the soma and delivered through gap junctions to the germline to promote reproduction and coordinate it with nutritional status.
3. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

   Structure and mechanism of the Mrp complex, an ancient cation/proton antiporter

   Julia Steiner, Leonid Sazanov

   Structure of the Mrp antiporter, an ancestor of respiratory complex I, suggests a mechanism of coupling between cation and proton translocation, applicable to a large family of related membrane proteins.
4. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
   2. Neuroscience

   A unified computational model for cortical post-synaptic plasticity

   Tuomo Mäki-Marttunen, Nicolangelo Iannella ... Kim T Blackwell

   Biochemically detailed modelling of pathways leading to post-synaptic plasticity reveals the dependence of neocortical LTP/LTD on the availability of different proteins and stimulation patterns.
5. 1. Evolutionary Biology

   Convergent changes in muscle metabolism depend on duration of high-altitude ancestry across Andean waterfowl

   Neal J Dawson, Luis Alza ... Kevin G McCracken

   Changes in pathways of lipid oxidation, glycolysis, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation are common strategies to cope with high-altitude hypoxia, but some changes require longer evolutionary time to arise.
6. 1. Developmental Biology
   2. Genetics and Genomics

   An atlas of cell types in the mouse epididymis and vas deferens

   Vera D Rinaldi, Elisa Donnard ... Oliver J Rando

   A systematic survey of the epididymis identifies the cell types involved in post-testicular maturation of sperm.
7. 1. Medicine

   Long non-coding RNAs in regulation of adipogenesis and adipose tissue function

   Tiziana Squillaro, Gianfranco Peluso ... Giovanni Di Bernardo

   An update on the role of lncRNAs in adipogenesis and adipose tissue function, aimed at promoting the identification of new drug targets for obesity and metabolic diseases.
8. 1. Medicine

   Neuropathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection

   Shumayila Khan, James Gomes

   Clinical data of SARS-CoV-2 patients presenting atypical symptoms must be recorded systematically to support continuing research investigating neurological complications associated with COVID-19.
9. 1. Ecology
   2. Physics of Living Systems

   Revealing the structure of information flows discriminates similar animal social behaviors

   Gabriele Valentini, Nobuaki Mizumoto ... Sara I Walker

   Information theory reveals that apparently similar signaling behaviors in ants and termites are instead governed by distinct communication protocols explaining their underlying different functions.
10. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Structure and dynamics of a nanodisc by integrating NMR, SAXS and SANS experiments with molecular dynamics simulations

    Tone Bengtsen, Viktor L Holm ... Kresten Lindorff-Larsen

    Molecular simulations, small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering experiments and previously measured NMR experiments were combined to study the structure and dynamics of the proteins and lipids in a nanodisc.
11. 1. Neuroscience

    Keratinocytes contribute to normal cold and heat sensation

    Katelyn E Sadler, Francie Moehring, Cheryl L Stucky

    Purinergic keratinocyte-to-sensory neuron signaling is a ubiquitous amplification mechanism that is required for normal mechanical, cold, and heat sensation in vivo.
12. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Molecular principles of assembly, activation, and inhibition in epithelial sodium channel

    Sigrid Noreng, Richard Posert ... Isabelle Baconguis

    The in-depth structural and functional work provide a deeper understanding as to how the epithelial sodium channel is a heteromeric ion channel that is regulated by Na⁺ and proteolysis.
13. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Apoptotic neurodegeneration in whitefly promotes the spread of TYLCV

    Shifan Wang, Huijuan Guo ... Yucheng Sun

    A plant virus, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, manipulates the host preference of the vector insect whitefly to promote its transmission by inducing caspase-dependent apoptotic neurodegeneration in vector's brain.
14. 1. Physics of Living Systems

    A mechanism for hunchback promoters to readout morphogenetic positional information in less than a minute

    Jonathan Desponds, Massimo Vergassola, Aleksandra M Walczak

    Maternal positional information in the fly embryo can be read rapidly in spite of the gene-expression bottleneck and general examples of regulatory architectures that combine speed and accuracy are provided.
15. 1. Ecology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Lichen mimesis in mid-Mesozoic lacewings

    Hui Fang, Conrad C Labandeira ... Yongjie Wang

    The earliest fossil evidence of a mimetic relationship between the Jurassic moth lacewing Lichenipolystoechotes and its co-occurring fossil lichen Daohugouthallus predates modern lichen-insect associations by 165 million years.
16. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    A mechanism for the extension and unfolding of parallel telomeric G-quadruplexes by human telomerase at single-molecule resolution

    Bishnu P Paudel, Aaron Lavel Moye ... Tracy M Bryan

    Human telomerase unfolds and extends parallel G-quadruplexes using a unique mechanism involving its RNA template.
17. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Cryo-EM structures of human ZnT8 in both outward- and inward-facing conformations

    Jing Xue, Tian Xie ... Xiao-chen Bai

    Cryo-EM analysis of human ZnT8 reveals a large conformational change of TMD during the transport cycle.
18. 1. Plant Biology

    Accurate and versatile 3D segmentation of plant tissues at cellular resolution

    Adrian Wolny, Lorenzo Cerrone ... Anna Kreshuk

    Convolutional neural networks and graph partitioning algorithms can be combined into an easy-to-use tool for segmentation of cells in dense plant tissue volumes imaged with light microscopy.
19. 1. Neuroscience

    The cytokine GDF15 signals through a population of brainstem cholecystokinin neurons to mediate anorectic signalling

    Amy A Worth, Rosemary Shoop ... Simon M Luckman

    The GDF15 receptor, GFRAL,is expressed on a unique population of brainstem CCK neurons and mediates pathophysiological anorexia.
20. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Virus infection is controlled by hematopoietic and stromal cell sensing of murine cytomegalovirus through STING

    Sytse J Piersma, Jennifer Poursine-Laurent ... Wayne M Yokoyama

    Cytomegaloviruses are recognized by distinct sensors depending on the infected cell type and together these sensors are essential for viral control and downstream immune responses.
21. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

    Notch and TLR signaling coordinate monocyte cell fate and inflammation

    Jaba Gamrekelashvili, Tamar Kapanadze ... Florian P Limbourg

    Notch signaling alters TLR-induced inflammation by skewing monocyte cell fate toward patrolling monocyte differentiation at the expense of macrophage cell fate.
22. 1. Developmental Biology

    Growth-factor-mediated coupling between lineage size and cell fate choice underlies robustness of mammalian development

    Néstor Saiz, Laura Mora-Bitria ... Anna-Katerina Hadjantonakis

    A mechanistic basis is provided for the regulative ability of the mammalian embryo offering a long-sought explanation for coordinating cell behaviors at the population level ensuring robustness in developmental outcome.
23. 1. Cancer Biology
    2. Computational and Systems Biology

    Identifying prostate cancer and its clinical risk in asymptomatic men using machine learning of high dimensional peripheral blood flow cytometric natural killer cell subset phenotyping data

    Simon P Hood, Georgina Cosma ... A Graham Pockley

    Diagnosing the presence and clinical significance of prostate cancer can be achieved using AI-based analysis of peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cell subset profiles.
24. 1. Neuroscience

    Obesity causes selective and long-lasting desensitization of AgRP neurons to dietary fat

    Lisa R Beutler, Timothy V Corpuz ... Zachary A Knight

    Neurons that promote hunger become desensitized to dietary fat in obesity.
25. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Developmental Biology

    Regulation of BMP4/Dpp retrotranslocation and signaling by deglycosylation

    Antonio Galeone, Joshua M Adams ... Hamed Jafar-Nejad

    The cytoplasmic enzyme N-glycanase 1 plays an evolutionary conserved role in promoting the ERAD-mediated retrotranslocation of misfolded Dpp/BMP4 from the ER, thereby allowing BMP signaling in specific contexts.
26. 1. Genetics and Genomics

    Ovariectomy uncouples lifespan from metabolic health and reveals a sex-hormone-dependent role of hepatic mTORC2 in aging

    Sebastian I Arriola Apelo, Amy Lin ... Dudley W Lamming

    Metabolic health and longevity can be separated by ovariectomy, which also protects female mice lacking hepatic mTORC2 from midlife mortality.
27. 1. Neuroscience

    Shared and specific signatures of locomotor ataxia in mutant mice

    Ana S Machado, Hugo G Marques ... Megan R Carey

    LocoMouse analysis of severely ataxic reeler mutant mice reveals fundamental features of locomotor ataxia and provides a roadmap for linking high-dimensional behavioral phenotyping to alterations in underlying neural circuits.
28. 1. Cancer Biology

    The identification of dual protective agents against cisplatin-induced oto- and nephrotoxicity using the zebrafish model

    Jaime N Wertman, Nicole Melong ... Jason N Berman

    L-mimosine and dopamine protect against cisplatin-induced oto- and nephrotoxicity in zebrafish and human cell line models.
29. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    The effect of climate change on yellow fever disease burden in Africa

    Katy AM Gaythorpe, Arran Hamlet ... Neil M Ferguson

    Analysis of yellow fever burden in Africa illustrates the need to consider the effect of a changing climactic conditions when planning future intervention strategies.
30. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    An analog to digital converter controls bistable transfer competence development of a widespread bacterial integrative and conjugative element

    Nicolas Carraro, Xavier Richard ... Jan Roelof van der Meer

    A new multistep hierarchical cascade controls activation of an integrative and conjugative element in a small subpopulation of cells in its bacterial host, yielding proficient DNA transferring cells.
31. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    A sensorimotor model shows why a spectral jamming avoidance response does not help bats deal with jamming

    Omer Mazar, Yossi Yovel

    An elaborated bat-predator model shows that even in high bat-densities, bats can successfully catch flying insects and that changing their signals’ frequency is not necessary for dealing with sensory interference.
32. 1. Neuroscience

    An electrophysiological marker of arousal level in humans

    Janna D Lendner, Randolph F Helfrich ... Robert T Knight

    Non-oscillatory brain activity can be used to monitor arousal levels during both NREM and REM sleep as well as under general anesthesia with propofol.
33. 1. Ecology

    Climate change and intensive land use reduce soil animal biomass via dissimilar pathways

    Rui Yin, Julia Siebert ... Martin Schädler

    Climate change and land-use intensification have negative but largely independent effects on soil animal biomass.
34. 1. Medicine
    2. Neuroscience

    Deciphering the neural signature of human cardiovascular regulation

    Jorge Manuel, Natalia Färber ... Florian Beissner

    At least three hypothalamic subsystems are involved in cardiovascular regulation in humans.
35. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Measuring protein stability in the GroEL chaperonin cage reveals massive destabilization

    Ilia Korobko, Hisham Mazal ... Amnon Horovitz

    Protein stability in the cage formed by the chaperonin GroEL and its cofactor GroES is reduced by more than 5 kcal mol^-1 relative to that in bulk solution.
36. 1. Neuroscience

    Microglial calcium signaling is attuned to neuronal activity in awake mice

    Anthony D Umpierre, Lauren L Bystrom ... Long-Jun Wu

    Microglial processes engage calcium signaling in response to hyper- or hypo-active shifts in neuronal activity.
37. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Par protein localization during the early development of Mnemiopsis leidyi suggests different modes of epithelial organization in the metazoa

    Miguel Salinas-Saavedra, Mark Q Martindale

    Even though the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi develops polarized epithelial tissues, polarization is not mediated by the conserved mechanisms polarizing bilaterian and cnidarian epithelial cells.
38. 1. Cancer Biology
    2. Computational and Systems Biology

    Dissecting transcriptional amplification by MYC

    Zuqin Nie, Chunhua Guo ... David Levens

    Synthetic biology experiments show that MYC is a general transcription amplifier acting at two or more sites in the transcription-cycle and that MYC-turnover contributes to its activity.
39. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Developmental Biology

    A quantitative modelling approach to zebrafish pigment pattern formation

    Jennifer P Owen, Robert N Kelsh, Christian A Yates

    A mathematical modelling approach to understanding zebrafish stripe pattern formation exemplifies a biological rule-set sufficient to generate wild-type and a diverse range of mutant patterns.
40. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    Mouse T cell priming is enhanced by maturation-dependent stiffening of the dendritic cell cortex

    Daniel Blumenthal, Vidhi Chandra ... Janis K Burkhardt

    The dendritic cell actin cytoskeleton provides a platform for T cell mechanosensing, delivering novel biophysical cues that serve as costimulatory signals for T cell activation.
41. 1. Neuroscience
    2. Physics of Living Systems

    Revealing architectural order with quantitative label-free imaging and deep learning

    Syuan-Ming Guo, Li-Hao Yeh ... Shalin B Mehta

    Advances in quantitative phase and polarized light microscopy, combined with deep learning, reveal the architecture of human brain tissue.
42. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

    Interrogating the recognition landscape of a conserved HIV-specific TCR reveals distinct bacterial peptide cross-reactivity

    Juan L Mendoza, Suzanne Fischer ... Geraldine M Gillespie

    Potential for specific microbiome-directed, MHC-restricted shaping of a commonly selected HIV-specific CD8+ T cell population was suggested by MHC class I yeast display-based peptide screening approaches.
43. 1. Developmental Biology

    Intrinsic control of muscle attachment sites matching

    Alexandre Carayon, Laetitia Bataillé ... Jean-Louis Frendo

    Making a link between deletion of transcription cis-regulatory elements by CrispR/Cas9, obtention of mutants with single muscle morphology defects and their impact on locomotion.
44. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    Estrogen exacerbates mammary involution through neutrophil-dependent and -independent mechanism

    Chew Leng Lim, Yu Zuan Or ... Valerie Chun Ling Lin

    Estrogen aggravates mammary involution through lysosome-mediated cell death, neutrophil recruitment via CXCR2 signalling, neutrophil-mediated inflammation and adipocyte repopulation.
45. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Computational and Systems Biology

    Periodic propagating waves coordinate RhoGTPase network dynamics at the leading and trailing edges during cell migration

    Alfonso Bolado-Carrancio, Oleksii S Rukhlenko ... Boris N Kholodenko

    Different RhoA and Rac1 dynamics at the cell front and rear are coordinated through periodic GTPase waves, which define the minimal autonomous biochemical machinery necessary and sufficient for cell migration.
46. 1. Neuroscience

    Dynamics of gaze control during prey capture in freely moving mice

    Angie M Michaiel, Elliott TT Abe, Cristopher M Niell

    During natural visual behavior in mice, orienting towards a target is driven by head movements, during which the eyes stabilize and shift the visual input.
47. 1. Neuroscience

    Private–public mappings in human prefrontal cortex

    Dan Bang, Sara Ershadmanesh ... Stephen M Fleming

    A distinction between private and public aspects of mental states is reflected in a medial-lateral division of human prefrontal cortex.
48. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Altered expression of a quality control protease in E. coli reshapes the in vivo mutational landscape of a model enzyme

    Samuel Thompson, Yang Zhang ... Tanja Kortemme

    Changes to cellular protein homeostasis reveal widespread advantageous effects of destabilizing mutations, opening the possibility to switch mutational landscapes back-and-forth from permissive to restrictive.
49. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Transposase-assisted tagmentation of RNA/DNA hybrid duplexes

    Bo Lu, Liting Dong ... Chengqi Yi

    Tn5 transposase has direct tagmentation activity towards RNA/DNA hybrids, which is harnessed as a more convenient and faster RNA-seq library construction method and will benefit RNA and chromatin research.
50. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Antagonistic control of DDK binding to licensed replication origins by Mcm2 and Rad53

    Syafiq Abd Wahab, Dirk Remus

    The mechanism of Dbf4-dependent kinase (DDK) recruitment to replication origins and its regulation by the checkpoint have been identified.
51. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Synaptic and intrinsic mechanisms underlying development of cortical direction selectivity

    Arani Roy, Jason J Osik ... Stephen D Van Hooser

    The development of neural responses proceeds through both the expansion and contraction of receptive field structure, and in addition depends upon changes in excitability of individual cells.
52. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Ecology

    Combining agent-based, trait-based and demographic approaches to model coral-community dynamics

    Bruno Sylvain Carturan, Jason Pither ... Lael Parrott

    A new agent-based model enables predicting how coral species richness and functional diversity affect the functioning and resilience of coral reef ecosystems.
53. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Odd-paired is a pioneer-like factor that coordinates with Zelda to control gene expression in embryos

    Theodora Koromila, Fan Gao ... Angelike Stathopoulos

    The gene Odd-paired is a late-acting regulator of zygotic gene expression, functioning coordinately with Zelda to influence chromatin accessibility and affecting genes expressed along both axes of Drosophila embryos.
54. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Chronic ethanol consumption compromises neutrophil function in acute pulmonary Aspergillus fumigatus infection

    Nathalia Luisa Sousa de Oliveira Malacco, Jessica Amanda Marques Souza ... Frederico Marianetti Soriani

    Cell biology analysis demonstrated for the first time the effect of chronic ethanol consumption in neutrophil impaired migration by CXCR2 downregulation and neutrophil function during acute Aspergillus fumigatus infection.
55. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

    Studying the biology of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vivo with a fluorescent granzyme B-mTFP knock-in mouse

    Praneeth Chitirala, Hsin-Fang Chang ... Jens Rettig

    A new knock-in mouse endogenously labels cytotoxic granules and can be used with all modern super-resolution imaging techniques to study T cell function in vitro and in vivo.
56. 1. Neuroscience

    α-synuclein strains that cause distinct pathologies differentially inhibit proteasome

    Genjiro Suzuki, Sei Imura ... Masato Hasegawa

    One α-synuclein strain inhibited proteasome activity and induced apparent pathologies, while the other did not, indicating a strain-dependent toxicity of α-synuclein aggregates, which support a prion-like behavior of α-synuclein.
57. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Genetic and environmental determinants of variation in the plasma lipidome of older Australian twins

    Matthew WK Wong, Anbupalam Thalamuthu ... Perminder S Sachdev

    A minor subset of plasma lipids are heritable, and this is associated with gene expression of transcripts related to roles beyond lipid metabolism, including immune function and cell signalling.
58. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Inhibition of post-termination ribosome recycling at premature termination codons in UPF1 ATPase mutants

    Lucas D Serdar, DaJuan L Whiteside ... Kristian E Baker

    Nucleotide resolution mapping of ribosome-bound RNA decay fragments in yeast cells expressing ATPase-deficient UPF1 reveals 3' UTR bound ribosomes and a role for UPF1 in post-termination ribosome recycling.
59. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    High glucose levels increase influenza-associated damage to the pulmonary epithelial-endothelial barrier

    Katina D Hulme, Limin Yan ... Kirsty R Short

    Hyperglycaemia increases influenza severity by damaging the pulmonary epithelial-endothelial barrier and increasing pulmonary oedema during Influenza A virus infection.
60. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Host sirtuin 2 as an immunotherapeutic target against tuberculosis

    Ashima Bhaskar, Santosh Kumar ... Vinay Kumar Nandicoori

    The inhibition of host Sirtuin-2 by AGK2 restricts mycobacterial growth in vivo by modulation of host transcriptome leading to activation of protective immune responses.
61. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Controlling protein function by fine-tuning conformational flexibility

    Sonja Schmid, Thorsten Hugel

    Specific and non-specific conformational confinement, via point mutation or cochaperone interaction or macro-molecular crowding, stimulates protein function in Hsp90 by reducing non-productive conformational flexibility.
62. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Electron tomography visualization of HIV-1 fusion with target cells using fusion inhibitors to trap the pre-hairpin intermediate

    Mark S Ladinsky, Priyanthi NP Gnanapragasam ... Pamela J Bjorkman

    Visualization of HIV-1 fusion by trapping the prehairpin intermediate.
63. 1. Neuroscience

    Sensory restoration by epidural stimulation of the lateral spinal cord in upper-limb amputees

    Santosh Chandrasekaran, Ameya C Nanivadekar ... Lee E Fisher

    Cervical spinal cord stimulation evokes sensory percepts in the missing hand and arm of people with upper-limb amputation, regardless of amputation level or time post-amputation.
64. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Cell Biology

    New insights into the mechanism of dynein motor regulation by lissencephaly-1

    Steven M Markus, Matthew G Marzo, Richard J McKenney

    The role of LIS1 in dynein-mediated transport in various biological contexts is reviewed with a focus on recent studies that revealed a new mechanism by which LIS1 functions.
65. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

    Stem cell niche exit in C. elegans via orientation and segregation of daughter cells by a cryptic cell outside the niche

    Kacy L Gordon, Jay W Zussman ... David R Sherwood

    A previously undetected dynamic cell structure orients the mitotic spindle of germ stem cells and grows over one daughter cell, thus helping to balance niche retention with niche exit.
66. 1. Neuroscience

    Early life adversity decreases pre-adolescent fear expression by accelerating amygdala PV cell development

    Gabriela Manzano Nieves, Marilyn Bravo ... Kevin G Bath

    Early life adversity (ELA) accelerated PV+ interneuron development in BLA and delayed the ability of pre-adolescent mice to express, but not form, an auditory conditioned fear memory in childhood.
67. 1. Neuroscience

    Three-dimensional synaptic organization of the human hippocampal CA1 field

    Marta Montero-Crespo, Marta Dominguez-Alvaro ... Lidia Blazquez-Llorca

    Volume electron microscopy reveals the synaptic organization of the neuropil of the human hippocampal CA1 field.
68. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Molecular determinants of large cargo transport into the nucleus

    Giulia Paci, Tiantian Zheng ... Edward A Lemke

    Efficient nuclear transport of very large biomolecules, relevant for viral transport, scales non-linearly with size and its kinetics can be explained by a simple two-parameter energetic model.
69. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    A taxonomy of seizure dynamotypes

    Maria Luisa Saggio, Dakota Crisp ... William C Stacey

    Taxonomy of seizure dynamics (TSD) provides a rigorous method for classifying and quantifying seizures and a principled framework for understanding seizure initiation and propagation.
70. 1. Cancer Biology
    2. Cell Biology

    Tracking cells in epithelial acini by light sheet microscopy reveals proximity effects in breast cancer initiation

    Ashna Alladin, Lucas Chaible ... Martin Jechlinger

    The presented primary epithelial acinus-based platform for studying interactions between normal and malignant cells will enable in depth analysis of the tumor initiation process on a molecular level.
71. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Changes in ferrous iron and glutathione promote ferroptosis and frailty in aging Caenorhabditis elegans

    Nicole L Jenkins, Simon A James ... Gawain McColl

    As worms age reduced glutathione together with increased ferrous iron increases frailty and leads to ferroptosis, which is amenable to therapeutic intervention.
72. 1. Neuroscience

    Phylogenetic variation in cortical layer II immature neuron reservoir of mammals

    Chiara La Rosa, Francesca Cavallo ... Luca Bonfanti

    The higher amount of cortical immature neurons in brains with expanded neocortices may represent a reservoir of young cells for mammals with reduced neurogenesis.
73. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Emergence and diversification of a host-parasite RNA ecosystem through Darwinian evolution

    Taro Furubayashi, Kensuke Ueda ... Norikazu Ichihashi

    In an in vitro RNA replication system, an RNA spontaneously diversifies and continuously evolves through coevolution with parasitic entities.
74. 1. Neuroscience

    RETRACTED: Alcohol drinking alters stress response to predator odor via BNST kappa opioid receptor signaling in male mice

    Lara S Hwa, Sofia Neira ... Thomas L Kash

    Heavy alcohol drinking primes dynorphin /kappa opioid systems in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis to alter stress responses in mice.
75. 1. Computational and Systems Biology

    Stochastic logistic models reproduce experimental time series of microbial communities

    Lana Descheemaeker, Sophie de Buyl

    Properties of various microbial communities time series, such as the noise color and neutrality, are captured by stochastic generalized Lotka-Volterra equations, even in the absence of interactions.
76. 1. Developmental Biology

    DAZL mediates a broad translational program regulating expansion and differentiation of spermatogonial progenitors

    Maria M Mikedis, Yuting Fan ... David C Page

    DAZL promotes male fertility by enhancing the protein expression of thousands of genes to facilitate expansion and differentiation of transit-amplifying spermatogonia in the testes.
77. 1. Neuroscience

    Alterations in the intrinsic properties of striatal cholinergic interneurons after dopamine lesion and chronic L-DOPA

    Se Joon Choi, Thong C Ma ... Un Jung Kang

    HCN and SK channel currents in striatal cholinergic neurons are decreased with dopamine loss, but only HCN is restored by chronic L-DOPA and SK abnormality persists in dyskinesia.
78. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Expandable and reversible copy number amplification drives rapid adaptation to antifungal drugs

    Robert T Todd, Anna Selmecki

    Novel segmental chromosome amplifications in Candida albicans provide rapid adaptation to the most widely used antifungal drugs.
79. 1. Neuroscience

    Persistent firing in LEC III neurons is differentially modulated by learning and aging

    Carmen Lin, Venus N Sherathiya ... John F Disterhoft

    Temporal associative learning enhances persistent firing in lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) layer III neurons, while aging decreases persistent firing, leading to cognitive impairments.
80. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

    IL18 signaling promotes homing of mature Tregs into the thymus

    Cristina Peligero-Cruz, Tal Givony ... Jakub Abramson

    IL18R⁺ Tregs constitute a mature thymus-resident population, resistant to thymus involution and endowed with higher capacity to populate the thymus compared to their IL18R^– or IL18R deficient counterparts.
81. 1. Neuroscience

    Different theta frameworks coexist in the rat hippocampus and are coordinated during memory-guided and novelty tasks

    Víctor J López-Madrona, Elena Pérez-Montoyo ... Santiago Canals

    Integration and segregation of information of memory and sensory in the hippocampus could be achieved by the coordination of distinct theta-gamma coding frameworks.
82. 1. Neuroscience

    Protective role of neuronal and lymphoid cannabinoid CB₂ receptors in neuropathic pain

    David Cabañero, Angela Ramírez-López ... Rafael Maldonado

    Operant drug self-administration in a mouse model of neuropathic pain reveals pain-relieving effects of a cannabinoid CB₂ receptor agonist that are mediated through CB₂ receptors of neurons and lymphocytes.
83. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Developmental Biology

    Universality of clonal dynamics poses fundamental limits to identify stem cell self-renewal strategies

    Cristina Parigini, Philip Greulich

    Stem cell self-renewal strategies fall into two classes, and only strategies of different classes can be experimentally distinguished via static clonal data.
84. 1. Cancer Biology

    Human DECR1 is an androgen-repressed survival factor that regulates PUFA oxidation to protect prostate tumor cells from ferroptosis

    Zeyad D Nassar, Chui Yan Mah ... Lisa M Butler

    DECR1, a rate-limiting enzyme for polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) β-oxidation, is an androgen-repressed gene in prostate cancer cells that limits oxidative stress to promote cancer cell survival.
85. 1. Neuroscience

    Neural dynamics of perceptual inference and its reversal during imagery

    Nadine Dijkstra, Luca Ambrogioni ... Marcel van Gerven

    Perceptual feedforward information flow is reversed during mental imagery and later stages of perception.
86. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    S-phase-independent silencing establishment in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

    Davis Goodnight, Jasper Rine

    Cell-cycle progression is crucial for heterochromatin formation in budding yeast because S phase promotes the removal of active chromatin marks.
87. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    A single point mutation in the Plasmodium falciparum FtsH1 metalloprotease confers actinonin resistance

    Christopher D Goodman, Taher Uddin ... Geoffrey I McFadden

    Actinonin kills malaria parasites by targeting the apicoplast-associated metalloprotease FTSH1.
88. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    The genetic factors of bilaterian evolution

    Peter Heger, Wen Zheng ... Thomas Wiehe

    Advanced orthology clustering of bilaterian and non-bilaterian sequences identifies 157 bilaterian-specific genes which are linked to key morphological features of this animal group.
89. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Trait-associated noncoding variant regions affect TBX3 regulation and cardiac conduction

    Jan Hendrik van Weerd, Rajiv A Mohan ... Vincent M Christoffels

    Multiple variant transcriptional regulatory elements in >1 megabasepairs of noncoding DNA close to TBX3 affect gene expression and atrioventricular conduction system function in vivo.
90. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Drosophila seminal sex peptide associates with rival as well as own sperm, providing SP function in polyandrous females

    Snigdha Misra, Mariana F Wolfner

    A seminal protein from a mating-male can bind sperm previously stored in his mate, providing direct benefits to the sperm from the prior male that mated with her.
91. 1. Cancer Biology

    Three-dimensional growth of breast cancer cells potentiates the anti-tumor effects of unacylated ghrelin and AZP-531

    CheukMan C Au, John B Furness ... Kristy A Brown

    3D culture of breast cancer in biologically relevant ECM potentiates the growth-inhibitory effects of unacylated ghrelin and AZP-531, and clinical response may be predictable based on a MAPK gene signature.
92. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Structures reveal gatekeeping of the mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uniporter by MICU1-MICU2

    Chongyuan Wang, Agata Jacewicz ... Stephen Barstow Long

    Cryo-EM structures reveal that MICU1-MICU2 operates like a regulatable toxin to block the pore of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter and confer Ca²⁺-dependent control.
93. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    A two-lane mechanism for selective biological ammonium transport

    Gordon Williamson, Giulia Tamburrino ... Arnaud Javelle

    A new cellular transport mechanism splits the substrate and separately translocates its fragments to achieve selectivity.
94. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Stable task information from an unstable neural population

    Michael E Rule, Adrianna R Loback ... Timothy O'Leary

    Analysis and modelling of sensorimotor neural activity shows how ongoing plasticity and appropriately tuned weights can cope with substantial ongoing changes in the neural code.
95. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Risk of psychiatric disorders among the surviving twins after a co-twin loss

    Huan Song, Henrik Larsson ... Unnur A Valdimarsdóttir

    A population-based analysis demonstrates that surviving twins who lose their co-twins by death are at considerably elevated risks of developing psychiatric disorders.
96. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Medicine

    RAB23 coordinates early osteogenesis by repressing FGF10-pERK1/2 and GLI1

    Md Rakibul Hasan, Maarit Takatalo ... David PC Rice

    RAB23 regulates calvarial bone and suture development both independently through, and by cross-talk between, Hedgehog and fibroblast growth factor signaling.
97. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Flotillin-mediated membrane fluidity controls peptidoglycan synthesis and MreB movement

    Aleksandra Zielińska, Abigail Savietto ... Dirk-Jan Scheffers

    Correct cell wall synthesis in bacteria depends on flotillin-mediated membrane fluidity.
98. 1. Neuroscience

    Sleep is bi-directionally modified by amyloid beta oligomers

    Güliz Gürel Özcan, Sumi Lim ... Jason Rihel

    Amyloid beta, the major component of plaques in Alzheimer's disease, acutely and reversibly signals to modulate sleep as a function of oligomeric length, independently of neuronal loss.
99. 1. Neuroscience

    Recurrent circuitry is required to stabilize piriform cortex odor representations across brain states

    Kevin A Bolding, Shivathmihai Nagappan ... Kevin M Franks

    Intracortical circuits in mouse olfactory cortex stabilize odor-evoked activity patterns when upstream inputs, from olfactory bulb, become degraded under anesthesia.
100. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Cell Biology

     Peroxiredoxin promotes longevity and H₂O₂-resistance in yeast through redox-modulation of protein kinase A

     Friederike Roger, Cecilia Picazo ... Mikael Molin

     The major cytosolic yeast peroxiredoxin Tsa1 controls aging and H₂O₂-resistance by inhibiting protein kinase A through a conserved cysteine in the catalytic subunit activation loop and not by scavenging H₂O₂.
101. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

     Proteome-wide analysis of a malaria vaccine study reveals personalized humoral immune profiles in Tanzanian adults

     Flavia Camponovo, Joseph J Campo ... Melissa A Penny

     Malaria pre-exposed volunteers exhibit large breadth of humoral immune responses, with strong variation between individuals, which might compromise vaccine-induced humoral immune response due to natural imprinting.
102. 1. Genetics and Genomics
     2. Medicine

     Does the human placenta express the canonical cell entry mediators for SARS-CoV-2?

     Roger Pique-Regi, Roberto Romero ... Nardhy Gomez-Lopez

     The human placenta negligibly co-expresses the transcripts encoding the canonical cell-entry mediators for SARS-CoV-2, which explains why mothers with COVID-19 rarely transmit the virus to the fetus.
103. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Phosphoinositides regulate force-independent interactions between talin, vinculin, and actin

     Charlotte F Kelley, Thomas Litschel ... Naoko Mizuno

     In vitro reconstitution of the core focal adhesion proteins talin and vinculin with actin reveals lipid-dependent release of autoinhibition.
104. 1. Neuroscience

     Sleep spindles mediate hippocampal-neocortical coupling during long-duration ripples

     Hong-Viet Ngo, Juergen Fell, Bernhard Staresina

     Triggered by (long-duration) hippocampal ripples, spindles facilitate communication between the hipppocampus and neocortex during natural sleep.
105. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Microtubules originate asymmetrically at the somatic golgi and are guided via Kinesin2 to maintain polarity within neurons

     Amrita Mukherjee, Paul S Brooks ... Paul T Conduit

     The somatic Golgi acts as an asymmetric MTOC within Drosophila neurons, and this, together with the action Kinesin-2, helps maintain minus-end-out microtubule polarity with proximal dendrites.
106. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

     Umbilical cord blood-derived ILC1-like cells constitute a novel precursor for mature KIR⁺NKG2A^- NK cells

     Sabrina Bianca Bennstein, Sandra Weinhold ... Markus Uhrberg

     Neonatal ILC1-like cells are functionally immature but have the unique potential to generate NK cells characterized by downregulation of NKG2A and a highly diverse KIR receptor repertoire.
107. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Developmental Biology

     Growth cone-localized microtubule organizing center establishes microtubule orientation in dendrites

     Xing Liang, Marcela Kokes ... Kang Shen

     In Caenorhabditis elegans, dendrites establish their unique microtubule polarity by localizing an organizing center behind the growing tip.
108. 1. Cell Biology

     Ribosome collisions trigger cis-acting feedback inhibition of translation initiation

     Szymon Juszkiewicz, Greg Slodkowicz ... Ramanujan S Hegde

     Ribosome collisions along an mRNA are shown to recruit factors that prevent additional ribosomes from initiating translation on that mRNA, thereby providing time to resolve the collision.
109. 1. Cancer Biology
     2. Immunology and Inflammation

     Cancer systems immunology

     Nathan E Reticker-Flynn, Edgar G Engleman

     Cancer systems immunology is a highly interdisciplinary field that is advancing our ability to understand and predict the complex behavior that orchestrates the interplay between tumors and the immune system.
110. 1. Cell Biology

     Assigning mitochondrial localization of dual localized proteins using a yeast Bi-Genomic Mitochondrial-Split-GFP

     Gaétan Bader, Ludovic Enkler ... Hubert Dominique Becker

     The Bi-Genomic Mitochondrial-Split-GFP, where both fragments of the Split-GFP are expressed by separated translation machineries, shuts off cytosolic fluorescence of dual-localized proteins, allowing visualization of their mitochondrial echoforms.
111. 1. Neuroscience

     Alzheimer’s disease risk gene BIN1 induces Tau-dependent network hyperexcitability

     Yuliya Voskobiynyk, Jonathan R Roth ... Erik D Roberson

     BIN1 forms a complex with Tau and voltage-gated calcium channels in neurons, and higher BIN1 levels promote neuronal activity, calcium influx, and bursting that is blocked by reducing Tau.
112. 1. Cancer Biology

     Dissecting cell-type-specific metabolism in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

     Allison N Lau, Zhaoqi Li ... Matthew G Vander Heiden

     Isotope tracing into macromolecules enables functional analysis of metabolism in specific cell populations in tumors and provides insight into metabolic differences between cancer and stromal cells in their endogenous microenvironment.
113. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Real-time in vivo imaging of extracellular ATP in the brain with a hybrid-type fluorescent sensor

     Nami Kitajima, Kenji Takikawa ... Kenzo Hirose

     Hybrid-type fluorescent ATP sensor showing submicromolar affinity, a large fluorescence response, high selectivity and pH-independence visualized extracellular ATP dynamics in the brain of living mice with high spatiotemporal resolution.
114. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Evolutionarily distant I domains can functionally replace the essential ligand-binding domain of Plasmodium TRAP

     Dennis Klug, Sarah Goellner ... Friedrich Frischknecht

     Exchange of the I domain in the Plasmodium surface protein TRAP against evolutionary distant I domains rescues infectivity of sporozoites.
115. 1. Cell Biology

     Miga-mediated endoplasmic reticulum–mitochondria contact sites regulate neuronal homeostasis

     Lingna Xu, Xi Wang ... Chao Tong

     Increasing endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–mitochondria contact sites leads to neurodegeneration.
116. 1. Medicine

     Late-life restoration of mitochondrial function reverses cardiac dysfunction in old mice

     Ying Ann Chiao, Huiliang Zhang ... Peter Rabinovitch

     Mitochondrial-targeted SS-31 peptide ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and rescues pre-existing cardiac dysfunction in old mice, supporting the translational potential of mitochondrial protective interventions to treat age-related diseases.
117. 1. Genetics and Genomics
     2. Neuroscience

     An adipokine feedback regulating diurnal food intake rhythms in mice

     Anthony H Tsang, Christiane E Koch ... Henrik Oster

     Adiponectin signaling integrates metabolic state information to regulate circadian clock function in hypothalamic appetite regulating centers, food intake rhythms, and body weight.
118. 1. Neuroscience

     Infant and adult SCA13 mutations differentially affect Purkinje cell excitability, maturation, and viability in vivo

     Jui-Yi Hsieh, Brittany N Ulrich ... Diane M Papazian

     Electrophysiological analysis and imaging in live zebrafish reveal that infant- and adult-onset SCA13 mutations have distinct effects on the electrical activity, development, and survival of cerebellar Purkinje cells.
119. 1. Developmental Biology
     2. Physics of Living Systems

     Cell lineage-dependent chiral actomyosin flows drive cellular rearrangements in early Caenorhabditis elegans development

     Lokesh G Pimpale, Teije C Middelkoop ... Stephan W Grill

     Developmentally controlled chiral counter-rotating actomyosin flows drive cell-lineage spindle skews and cell rearrangements during cytokinesis in early nematode development.
120. 1. Neuroscience

     Different dendritic domains of the GnRH neuron underlie the pulse and surge modes of GnRH secretion in female mice

     Li Wang, Wenya Guo ... Yanping Kuang

     Electrical activity at the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuron cell body and proximal dendrites is not required for the pulsatile secretion of GnRH that controls fertility.
121. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     A high-throughput small molecule screen identifies farrerol as a potentiator of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing

     Weina Zhang, Yu Chen ... Zhiyong Mao

     Farrerol promotes the efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing in both cells and embryos.
122. 1. Medicine

     Concentration-dependent mortality of chloroquine in overdose

     James A Watson, Joel Tarning ... Nicholas J White

     Most chloroquine regimens trialled for the treatment of COVID19 will not result in life-threatening cardiovascular toxicity.
123. 1. Neuroscience

     Modular output circuits of the fastigial nucleus for diverse motor and nonmotor functions of the cerebellar vermis

     Hirofumi Fujita, Takashi Kodama, Sascha du Lac

     Medial cerebellar nucleus comprises five major types of excitatory projection neurons differentially connected with specific subsets of inferior olive neurons, Purkinje cells, and somatomotor, oromotor, positional-autonomic, orienting and arousal circuits.
124. 1. Neuroscience

     Gradients in the biophysical properties of neonatal auditory neurons align with synaptic contact position and the intensity coding map of inner hair cells

     Alexander L Markowitz, Radha Kalluri

     The biophysical diversity that is intrinsic to spiral ganglion neurons emerges as spatial gradients during early post-natal development and endures through subsequent maturation to likely contribute to sound intensity coding.
125. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

     Resident macrophages acquire innate immune memory in staphylococcal skin infection

     Reinhild Feuerstein, Aaron James Forde ... Philipp Henneke

     Resident dermal Mφ are programmed locally, independently of bone-marrow monocytes during Staphylococcus aureus infection, leading to transiently increased resistance, which is limited by a decrease in macrophage life span.
126. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Mechanical inhibition of isolated V_o from V/A-ATPase for proton conductance

     Jun-ichi Kishikawa, Atsuko Nakanishi ... Ken Yokoyama

     Cryo-EM structures of rotary V-ATPase reveal the ON-OFF switching mechanism of H⁺ translocation in the V_o membrane domain.
127. 1. Neuroscience

     Learning-related population dynamics in the auditory thalamus

     Ariel Gilad, Ido Maor, Adi Mizrahi

     The auditory thalamus encodes higher-order information that emerges while learning an auditory discrimination task.
128. 1. Ecology
     2. Evolutionary Biology

     Eco-evolutionary dynamics of nested Darwinian populations and the emergence of community-level heredity

     Guilhem Doulcier, Amaury Lambert ... Paul B Rainey

     Artificial selection on communities drives the evolution of interactions and establishes community-level inheritance.
129. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Medicine

     A mechanistic model and therapeutic interventions for COVID-19 involving a RAS-mediated bradykinin storm

     Michael R Garvin, Christiane Alvarez ... Daniel Jacobson

     Gene expression analysis reveals a novel, integrated molecular mechanism for much of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 that provides therapeutic intervention points that can be addressed with existing approved pharmaceuticals.
130. 1. Developmental Biology

     Muscle-derived Myoglianin regulates Drosophila imaginal disc growth

     Ambuj Upadhyay, Aidan J Peterson ... Michael B O'Connor

     A Drosophila myostatin-like factor provides an extrinsic signal produced by muscles that regulates Drosophila appendage development.
131. 1. Cell Biology

     Super-resolution microscopy reveals majorly mono- and dimeric presenilin1/γ-secretase at the cell surface

     Abril Angélica Escamilla-Ayala, Ragna Sannerud ... Wim Annaert

     Super-resolution microscopy sets a new strategy to comprehend the membrane organization of γ-secretase at single complex resolution identifying nanodomain associations and its diffusion in situ in the living membrane.
132. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

     Tumor control via targeting PD-L1 with chimeric antigen receptor modified NK cells

     Yvette Robbins, Sarah Greene ... Clint T Allen

     Human NK cells engineered to express a PD-L1 chimeric antigen receptor can control murine and human tumors and reduce myeloid cells expressing high levels of PD-L1.
133. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

     Trends in snakebite deaths in India from 2000 to 2019 in a nationally representative mortality study

     Wilson Suraweera, David Warrell ... Prabhat Jha

     Prevention and antivenom treatment could reduce snakebite deaths, which killed 1.2 million Indians from 2000-2019, about 70% of which occurred in eight states, and half during four rainy months.
134. 1. Medicine
     2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Augmented curation of clinical notes from a massive EHR system reveals symptoms of impending COVID-19 diagnosis

     Tyler Wagner, FNU Shweta ... Venky Soundararajan

     Applying deep learning technology for the large-scale curation of symptoms from unstructured EHR clinical notes accurately predicts the differential signals of COVID-19 diagnosis over the week preceding typical PCR testing.
135. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Dopamine role in learning and action inference

     Rafal Bogacz

     A mathematical model describes the function of dopaminergic neurons in both learning and action planning.
136. 1. Developmental Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Clustered gamma-protocadherins regulate cortical interneuron programmed cell death

     Walter R Mancia Leon, Julien Spatazza ... Arturo Alvarez-Buylla

     Pcdhg determine survival of the GABAergic cortical interneuron population that is necessary to establish and maintain proper excitatory to inhibitory balance in the cerebral cortex.
137. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
     2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Earliest infections predict the age distribution of seasonal influenza A cases

     Philip Arevalo, Huong Q McLean ... Sarah Cobey

     First influenza infections determine susceptibility to future seasonal influenza infection throughout life, and may impact vaccine effectiveness.
138. 1. Neuroscience

     Consistent patterns of distractor effects during decision making

     Bolton KH Chau, Chun-Kit Law ... Matthew FS Rushworth

     The value of any choice is not static but dynamically changes as a function of the context of the alternatives even if they are seemingly irrelevant.
139. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Movement initiation and grasp representation in premotor and primary motor cortex mirror neurons

     Steven Jack Jerjian, Maneesh Sahani, Alexander Kraskov

     Mirror neurons, including corticospinal neurons, in primary motor cortex of macaque monkeys, clearly dissociate between execution and observation of grasping actions while ventral premotor cortex (F5) maintains a similar representation.
140. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     The head direction circuit of two insect species

     Ioannis Pisokas, Stanley Heinze, Barbara Webb

     Two evolutionary distant insect species share a common head direction circuit with subtle differences in neuronal morphologies that result in distinct circuit dynamics adapted to each species’ ecology.
141. 1. Neuroscience

     Stable and dynamic representations of value in the prefrontal cortex

     Pierre Enel, Joni D Wallis, Erin L Rich

     The prefrontal cortex encodes both stable and dynamic representations of expected value, providing mechanisms to support robust as well as flexible access to value information during temporal delays.
142. 1. Developmental Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Extrinsic activin signaling cooperates with an intrinsic temporal program to increase mushroom body neuronal diversity

     Anthony M Rossi, Claude Desplan

     The activin ligand myoglianin acts as a temporal extrinsic cue to regulate the intrinsic temporal factor Imp in mushroom body neuroblasts, increasing neuronal diversity by specifying the α’β’ fate.
143. 1. Cancer Biology

     PTEN and DNA-PK determine sensitivity and recovery in response to WEE1 inhibition in human breast cancer

     Andrä Brunner, Aldwin Suryo Rahmanto ... Olle Sangfelt

     DNA-PK and PTEN protect breast cancer cells from lethal replication stress induced by the WEE1 inhibitor AZD1775 and constitute new potential biomarkers for AZD1775 sensitivity.
144. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Chemical and structural investigation of the paroxetine-human serotonin transporter complex

     Jonathan A Coleman, Vikas Navratna ... Eric Gouaux

     Structural and biochemical analysis of the mechanism of paroxetine binding to the serotonin transporter provides a framework for transporter inhibition and design of small-molecule inhibitors.
145. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Profiling of myristoylation in Toxoplasma gondii reveals an N-myristoylated protein important for host cell penetration

     Malgorzata Broncel, Caia Dominicus ... Moritz Treeck

     Myristoylation of a secreted protein, identified in a global myristoylation analysis of the eukaryotic parasite Toxoplasma gondii, is important for host cell invasion.
146. 1. Neuroscience

     Vestigial auriculomotor activity indicates the direction of auditory attention in humans

     Daniel J Strauss, Farah I Corona-Strauss ... Steven A Hackley

     Recordings of ear muscles in humans show that ears attempt to pivot in the direction that requires attention.
147. 1. Neuroscience

     Temporal selectivity declines in the aging human auditory cortex

     Julia Erb, Lea-Maria Schmitt, Jonas Obleser

     The aged human auditory cortex shows preserved tonotopy, but temporal modulations are represented with a markedly broader tuning, highlighting decreased temporal selectivity as a hallmark of the aging auditory cortex.
148. 1. Neuroscience

     Receptor-driven, multimodal mapping of cortical areas in the macaque monkey intraparietal sulcus

     Meiqi Niu, Daniele Impieri ... Karl Zilles

     The macaque monkey intraparietal sulcus encompasses 17 cyto- and receptorarchitectonically distinct areas, which can be grouped into three clusters based on (dis)similarities of their molecular structure.
149. 1. Neuroscience

     Cortical ChAT⁺ neurons co-transmit acetylcholine and GABA in a target- and brain-region-specific manner

     Adam J Granger, Wengang Wang ... Bernardo L Sabatini

     Most ChAT-expressing interneurons are a subset VIP+ interneurons that differentially release GABA and acetylcholine onto different post-synaptic targets, while a separate population of non-VIP ChAT+ neurons release acetylcholine in mPFC.
150. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Plant Biology

     Evolution of a plant gene cluster in Solanaceae and emergence of metabolic diversity

     Pengxiang Fan, Peipei Wang ... Robert L Last

     A nightshade family gene cluster creates phenotypic novelty in trichome defensive metabolites via evolution of lipid metabolic enzymes.
151. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

     Human Fcγ-receptor IIb modulates pathogen-specific versus self-reactive antibody responses in lyme arthritis

     Heike Danzer, Joachim Glaesner ... Falk Nimmerjahn

     In the absence of human FcgRIIb function, an infection with Borrelia burgdorferi triggers enhanced autoreactive immune responses in humanized mice in vivo.
152. 1. Neuroscience

     Global sleep homeostasis reflects temporally and spatially integrated local cortical neuronal activity

     Christopher W Thomas, Mathilde CC Guillaumin ... Vladyslav V Vyazovskiy

     The global sleep homeostatic process tracks sleep-wake history by integrating local cortical neuronal activity over time and space, rather than directly reflecting changes in specific homeostatically regulated physiological variables.
153. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Immunology and Inflammation

     Interaction mapping of endoplasmic reticulum ubiquitin ligases identifies modulators of innate immune signalling

     Emma J Fenech, Federica Lari ... John C Christianson

     Interaction mapping of ubiquitin ligase complexes embedded in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane has identified interactors of RNF26 that influence innate immune signalling.
154. 1. Neuroscience

     Homeostatic plasticity fails at the intersection of autism-gene mutations and a novel class of common genetic modifiers

     Özgür Genç, Joon-Yong An ... Graeme W Davis

     Forward genetic screens define a novel genetic landscape by which diverse, unrelated autism risk genes may converge to commonly affect the robustness of synaptic transmission.