June 2020

Research articles

1. 1. Evolutionary Biology
   2. Neuroscience

   Divergent sensory investment mirrors potential speciation via niche partitioning across Drosophila

   Ian W Keesey, Veit Grabe ... Bill S Hansson

   Phototaxis and courtship behavioral preferences reflect strong correlation with differences in olfactory and visual nervous system investment across five monophyletic Drosophila species, and could help explain their speciation events.
2. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
   2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

   Membrane characteristics tune activities of endosomal and autophagic human VPS34 complexes

   Yohei Ohashi, Shirley Tremel ... Roger L Williams

   The lipid kinase VPS34 complexes I and II are both activated by unsaturation of substrate and non-substrate lipids, curvature, electrostatics and polyphosphoinositides, which play roles in localisation and cellular function.
3. 1. Neuroscience

   Parvalbumin interneurons provide spillover to newborn and mature dentate granule cells

   Ryan J Vaden, Jose Carlos Gonzalez ... Linda Overstreet-Wadiche

   Fast-spiking parvalbumin-expressing interneurons generate slow spillover-mediated GABAergic transmission to young adult-born and neighboring mature neurons of the dentate gyrus.
4. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

   Structure of MlaFB uncovers novel mechanisms of ABC transporter regulation

   Ljuvica R Kolich, Ya-Ting Chang ... Damian C Ekiert

   Structure of MlaFB reveals how a small binding protein and the C-terminal tail on an ATPase subunit work together to regulate the assembly and function of an ABC transporter.
5. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
   2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

   Targeted surveillance strategies for efficient detection of novel antibiotic resistance variants

   Allison L Hicks, Stephen M Kissler ... Yonatan H Grad

   Sampling informed by pathogen genomic data may facilitate more efficient detection of novel antibiotic resistance than random sampling.
6. 1. Developmental Biology
   2. Evolutionary Biology

   Transient role of the middle ear as a lower jaw support across mammals

   Neal Anthwal, Jane C Fenelon ... Abigail S Tucker

   The incus of the middle ear plays a role in supporting the lower jaw prior to the formation of the mammalian jaw joint allowing early feeding in monotremes and marsupials.
7. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

   HA stabilization promotes replication and transmission of swine H1N1 gamma influenza viruses in ferrets

   Meng Hu, Guohua Yang ... Charles J Russell

   Infection experiments in ferrets reveal swine influenza viruses need their hemagglutinin antigen to become stabilized for transmissibility, adding a new property to consider when triaging field isolates for pandemic potential.
8. 1. Ecology
   2. Evolutionary Biology

   Alcids ‘fly’ at efficient Strouhal numbers in both air and water but vary stroke velocity and angle

   Anthony B Lapsansky, Daniel Zatz, Bret W Tobalske

   Four species of seabird produce efficient propulsive wakes while flying in the air and while swimming underwater suggesting that selection has optimized these species for locomotion in remarkably different fluids.
9. 1. Developmental Biology
   2. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

   Generation of inner ear hair cells by direct lineage conversion of primary somatic cells

   Louise Menendez, Talon Trecek ... Neil Segil

   Direct reprogramming of somatic cells to an inner ear sensory hair cell-like state provides an experimental platform to identify causes and treatments for hair cell loss and hearing deficits.
10. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Aromatic interactions with membrane modulate human BK channel activation

    Mahdieh Yazdani, Guohui Zhang ... Jianhan Chen

    Computation and experiment together demonstrate that nonspecific membrane–protein interactions could regulate transmembrane protein function and suggest that covalent linkers can be an integral component of the sensing apparatus.
11. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Computational and Systems Biology

    Coverage-dependent bias creates the appearance of binary splicing in single cells

    Carlos F Buen Abad Najar, Nir Yosef, Liana F Lareau

    Sequencing and counting RNAs from single cells can create a misleading picture of alternative splicing if too many mRNAs are lost in the process.
12. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Tetramerisation of the CRISPR ring nuclease Crn3/Csx3 facilitates cyclic oligoadenylate cleavage

    Januka S Athukoralage, Stuart McQuarrie ... Malcolm F White

    A widespread ribonuclease is a CRISPR-associated ring nuclease with a highly unusual cooperative mechanism involving tetramerisation of the enzyme.
13. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    The role of Rif1 in telomere length regulation is separable from its role in origin firing

    Calla B Shubin, Carol W Greider

    Telomere length is linked to DNA replication, and we found excessive telomeric origin firing caused by several distinct mutants did not lengthen telomeres, narrowing possible mechanisms.
14. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

    CARD14^E138A signalling in keratinocytes induces TNF-dependent skin and systemic inflammation

    Joan Manils, Louise V Webb ... Steven C Ley

    Expression of a psoriasis-associated CARD14^E138A mutant in keratinocytes induces TNF-dependent localised skin and systemic inflammation independently of the adaptive immune system.
15. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Physics of Living Systems

    Golgi compartments enable controlled biomolecular assembly using promiscuous enzymes

    Anjali Jaiman, Mukund Thattai

    By partitioning promiscuous enzymes across multiple Golgi compartments, eukaryotic cells can tightly control the synthesis of complex sugar oligomers.
16. 1. Neuroscience

    Inhibition stabilization is a widespread property of cortical networks

    Alessandro Sanzeni, Bradley Akitake ... Mark H Histed

    The strongly coupled theoretical regime describes the function of mouse sensory and motor cortical areas.
17. 1. Developmental Biology

    A Tgfbr1/Snai1-dependent developmental module at the core of vertebrate axial elongation

    André Dias, Anastasiia Lozovska ... Moises Mallo

    During vertebrate axial extension, the tail bud originates from the activation of a developmental module in a subset of axial progenitors, concurrent but different to gastrulation.
18. 1. Genetics and Genomics

    A non-mosaic transchromosomic mouse model of Down syndrome carrying the long arm of human chromosome 21

    Yasuhiro Kazuki, Feng J Gao ... Roger H Reeves

    TcMAC21 is an appropriate “next gen” mouse model for DS research, and provides a proof of concept of using artificial chromosomes to generate non-mosaic humanized animal models of chromosome disorders.
19. 1. Ecology

    Diversity-decomposition relationships in forests worldwide

    Liang Kou, Lei Jiang ... Huimin Wang

    Carbon dynamics and the relative availability of key nutrients during litter decomposition are modified by changing biodiversity in the Earth’s forests.
20. 1. Ecology

    Biodiversity mediates the effects of stressors but not nutrients on litter decomposition

    Léa Beaumelle, Frederik De Laender, Nico Eisenhauer

    The consequences of real-world biodiversity change for ecosystem functioning depend on the type of global change driver and can be particularly significant when human activities decrease biodiversity.
21. 1. Neuroscience

    Different methods of fear reduction are supported by distinct cortical substrates

    Belinda PP Lay, Audrey A Pitaru ... Mihaela D Iordanova

    Extinction and overexpectation lead to the same behavioural outcome, that is, reduction in learned fear, but engage different cortical areas.
22. 1. Neuroscience

    3,6’-dithiopomalidomide reduces neural loss, inflammation, behavioral deficits in brain injury and microglial activation

    Chih-Tung Lin, Daniela Lecca ... Nigel H Greig

    The new drug 3,6’-dithiopomalidomide mitigates key markers of neuronal death and neuroinflammation and improves acute behavioral outcome measures in traumatic brain injury, a common, debilitating disorder that lacks effective treatment.
23. 1. Neuroscience

    A Matlab-based toolbox for characterizing behavior of rodents engaged in string-pulling

    Samsoon Inayat, Surjeet Singh ... Majid H Mohajerani

    Analysis methods for video data of rodents engaged in string-pulling behavior have been developed and used to highlight differences in motion profiles of Swiss Webster and C57Bl/6 mice.
24. 1. Neuroscience

    Estimating and interpreting nonlinear receptive field of sensory neural responses with deep neural network models

    Menoua Keshishian, Hassan Akbari ... Nima Mesgarani

    A comprehensive, data-driven and interpretable nonlinear computational modeling framework based on deep neural networks uncovers different nonlinear transformations of speech signal in the human auditory cortex.
25. 1. Computational and Systems Biology

    A decentralised neural model explaining optimal integration of navigational strategies in insects

    Xuelong Sun, Shigang Yue, Michael Mangan

    The first biology-constrained neural model of insect navigation guidance systems was explained including path integration, visual homing and route following, and their optimal coordination.
26. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Cell Biology

    Doa10 is a membrane protein retrotranslocase in ER-associated protein degradation

    Claudia C Schmidt, Vedran Vasic, Alexander Stein

    Doa10, a membrane-embedded ubiquitin ligase, facilitates the removal of membrane proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and cooperates with the Cdc48 ATPase in this process.
27. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Specific labeling of synaptic schwann cells reveals unique cellular and molecular features

    Ryan Castro, Thomas Taetzsch ... Gregorio Valdez

    The discovery of markers specific to perisynaptic Schwann cells will accelerate the discovery of mechanisms important for their differentiation and function.
28. 1. Neuroscience

    Numerical magnitude, rather than individual bias, explains spatial numerical association in newborn chicks

    Rosa Rugani, Giorgio Vallortigara ... Lucia Regolin

    Spatial numerical association in three-day-old domestic chicks linearly decreases as numerical magnitude increases (2>5>8), supporting the hypothesis that numerical magnitude guides the spatial numerical association.
29. 1. Cell Biology

    A microscopy-based kinetic analysis of yeast vacuolar protein sorting

    Jason C Casler, Benjamin S Glick

    In yeast, a fluorescent vacuolar cargo departs from Golgi cisternae early in the TGN stage of maturation, and traffic from prevacuolar endosomes to the vacuole apparently involves a kiss-and-run mechanism.
30. 1. Genetics and Genomics

    Alternative polyadenylation mediates genetic regulation of gene expression

    Briana E Mittleman, Sebastian Pott ... Yang Li

    Genetic variation can impact multiple levels of gene regulation and disease through alternative polyadenylation.
31. 1. Neuroscience

    Controlling motor neurons of every muscle for fly proboscis reaching

    Claire E McKellar, Igor Siwanowicz ... Julie H Simpson

    A new collection of fly strains comprehensively targets the motor neurons of the proboscis, allowing separate control of every muscle to determine how this appendage achieves flexible, directed reaching.
32. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Neuroscience

    Differential accumulation of storage bodies with aging defines discrete subsets of microglia in the healthy brain

    Jeremy Carlos Burns, Bunny Cotleur ... Michael Mingueneau

    Two novel subsets of microglia identified by their unique autofluorescence profiles differ in their subcellular organization, proteomic signatures and in their response to aging and lysosomal dysfunction.
33. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Structural basis for capsid recruitment and coat formation during HSV-1 nuclear egress

    Elizabeth B Draganova, Jiayan Zhang ... Ekaterina E Heldwein

    Interactions were visualized between the nuclear egress complex from herpes simplex virus and a capsid protein that could promote nucleocytoplasmic translocation of the capsid in infected cells.
34. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Mouse brain transcriptome responses to inhaled nanoparticulate matter differed by sex and APOE in Nrf2-Nfkb interactions

    Amin Haghani, Mafalda Cacciottolo ... Caleb E Finch

    Transcriptome analysis of mouse brain revealed that the APOE4 allele and sex can alter air pollution neurotoxicity in adults.
35. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Slow oscillation-spindle coupling predicts enhanced memory formation from childhood to adolescence

    Michael A Hahn, Dominik Heib ... Randolph F Helfrich

    An individualized cross-frequency coupling approach identified slow oscillation-spindle coupling strength as a novel mechanism that mediates memory formation during cortical maturation.
36. 1. Cell Biology

    Nanobody-directed targeting of optogenetic tools to study signaling in the primary cilium

    Jan N Hansen, Fabian Kaiser ... Dagmar Wachten

    Trafficking of optogenetic tools to primary cilia using nanobodies allows to study cAMP signaling with spatial and temporal resolution independent of the cell body.
37. 1. Neuroscience

    SynGAP isoforms differentially regulate synaptic plasticity and dendritic development

    Yoichi Araki, Ingie Hong ... Richard L Huganir

    Detailed SYNGAP1 splice variant characterization uncovers distinct isoform functions and biochemical properties contributing to critical aspects of neurodevelopment, providing previously unknown isoform-level insight into SYNGAP1-related cognitive disorders.
38. 1. Neuroscience

    Dynamic behavior of the locus coeruleus during arousal-related memory processing in a multi-modal 7T fMRI paradigm

    Heidi IL Jacobs, Nikos Priovoulos ... Kâmil Uludağ

    By combining ultra-high-field imaging with physiological and saliva measures it is established that interactions between locus coeruleus, hippocampus and amygdala vary along emotional memory stages, putatively reflecting distinct cognitive states.
39. 1. Neuroscience

    Control of adaptive action selection by secondary motor cortex during flexible visual categorization

    Tian-Yi Wang, Jing Liu, Haishan Yao

    The secondary motor cortex causally contributes to flexible action selection during stimulus categorization with the representations of upcoming choice and sensory history regulated by the demand to remap stimulus–action association.
40. 1. Neuroscience

    Microglia TREM2^R47H Alzheimer-linked variant enhances excitatory transmission and reduces LTP via increased TNF-α levels

    Siqiang Ren, Wen Yao ... Luciano D'Adamio

    Analysis of rats carrying the microglia gene and Alzheimer risk factor Trem2^R47H variant shows increased glutamatergic transmission via supraphysiological TNF-α brain concentrations, linking a microglia pathogenic variant to neuronal dysfunction.
41. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Cancer Biology

    AR phosphorylation and CHK2 kinase activity regulates IR-stabilized AR–CHK2 interaction and prostate cancer survival

    Huy Q Ta, Natalia Dworak ... Daniel Gioeli

    CHK2 directly binds the AR to mediate transient suppression of AR activity and thus loss of CHK2 function in prostate cancer increases AR activity, DNA damage response and radiation resistance.
42. 1. Physics of Living Systems

    Mitigating memory effects during undulatory locomotion on hysteretic materials

    Perrin E Schiebel, Henry C Astley ... Daniel I Goldman

    Undulatory animals moving on the surface must manage material memory by either having a slender anatomy that facilitates avoiding previously remodeled substrate, or using waveshapes that effectively utilize the memory.
43. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Echinoderms provide missing link in the evolution of PrRP/sNPF-type neuropeptide signalling

    Luis Alfonso Yañez-Guerra, Xingxing Zhong ... Maurice R Elphick

    Discovery of a novel neuropeptide signalling system in a deuterostome invertebrate reveals the evolutionary origin of prolactin-releasing peptide and its relationship with neuropeptides in protostome invertebrates.
44. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Developmental Biology

    The E2 Marie Kondo and the CTLH E3 ligase clear deposited RNA binding proteins during the maternal-to-zygotic transition

    Michael Zavortink, Lauren N Rutt ... Olivia S Rissland

    In fruit flies, maternally deposited RNA-binding proteins are removed during the maternal-to-zygotic transition via a mechanism of translational upregulation of Kondo, the key E2 enzyme, at egg activation.
45. 1. Plant Biology

    Lack of evidence for associative learning in pea plants

    Kasey Markel

    A fully blinded replication of the most convincing report of associative learning in plants failed to reproduce the phenomenon.
46. 1. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

    Sequentially induced motor neurons from human fibroblasts facilitate locomotor recovery in a rodent spinal cord injury model

    Hyunah Lee, Hye Yeong Lee ... Jeong Beom Kim

    Sequential introduction of transcription factors enables large-scale generation of induced motor neurons (iMNs) from human somatic cells, and transplantation of iMNs exhibit therapeutic effects in spinal cord injury model.
47. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and their potential for therapeutic passive immunization

    PJ Klasse, John P Moore

    Antibodies hold promise for breakthrough treatment of COVID-19, the disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.
48. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Moyamoya disease factor RNF213 is a giant E3 ligase with a dynein-like core and a distinct ubiquitin-transfer mechanism

    Juraj Ahel, Anita Lehner ... Tim Clausen

    RNF213 is a giant E3 ligase with a dynein-like core and a unique ubiquitination mechanism that proceeds in a RING-independent manner and is linked with the Moyamoya disease.
49. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Skd3 (human ClpB) is a potent mitochondrial protein disaggregase that is inactivated by 3-methylglutaconic aciduria-linked mutations

    Ryan R Cupo, James Shorter

    Skd3 (human ClpB) is a potent ATP-dependent mitochondrial protein disaggregase that is activated by the rhomboid protease, PARL, and inactivated by MGCA7-linked mutations.
50. 1. Neuroscience
    2. Physics of Living Systems

    Tuning of feedforward control enables stable muscle force-length dynamics after loss of autogenic proprioceptive feedback

    Joanne C Gordon, Natalie C Holt ... Monica A Daley

    Running guinea fowl maintain stable running after loss of the stretch reflex in a major ankle extensor muscle, by increasing feedforward muscle activation to maintain ankle stiffness and work output.
51. 1. Computational and Systems Biology

    Unsupervised machine learning reveals risk stratifying glioblastoma tumor cells

    Nalin Leelatian, Justine Sinnaeve ... Jonathan M Irish

    A new automated and unsupervised algorithm, Risk Assessment Population IDentification, identifies risk-stratifying cells in single cell datasets with robust statistical and biological validation.
52. 1. Cancer Biology

    Combined deletion of Glut1 and Glut3 impairs lung adenocarcinoma growth

    Caroline Contat, Pierre-Benoit Ancey ... Etienne Meylan

    In lung adenocarcinoma, deleting one glucose transporter, whether it is Glut1 or Glut3 is insufficient, whereas their dual deletion reduces tumor growth.
53. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Neuroscience

    A new genetic strategy for targeting microglia in development and disease

    Gabriel L McKinsey, Carlos O Lizama ... Thomas D Arnold

    P2ry12-CreER robustly and specifically labels microglia in fate-mapping and ribosomal profiling experiments, revealing new markers for myeloid subpopulations in the central nervous system.
54. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    A community-maintained standard library of population genetic models

    Jeffrey R Adrion, Christopher B Cole ... Andrew D Kern

    The stdpopsim library, a community-driven open source project, is presented which provides easy access to a standard catalog of published simulation models for population genetics aimed at field-wide standardization.
55. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Neuroscience

    A single-cell transcriptomic and anatomic atlas of mouse dorsal raphe Pet1 neurons

    Benjamin W Okaty, Nikita Sturrock ... Susan M Dymecki

    Dorsal raphe Pet1 neurons are molecularly heterogeneous, comprising as many as fourteen distinct subtypes that show biased cell body distributions across dorsal raphe subdomains.
56. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Local frustration determines loop opening during the catalytic cycle of an oxidoreductase

    Lukas S Stelzl, Despoina AI Mavridou ... Christina Redfield

    The cysteine pair oxidation state in nDsbD acts as a ‘switch’ controlling the presence or absence of frustration in the active-site and determining the dynamic behavior of the cap loop.
57. 1. Neuroscience

    Brain states govern the spatio-temporal dynamics of resting-state functional connectivity

    Felipe Aedo-Jury, Miriam Schwalm ... Albrecht Stroh

    Distinct brain states govern resting state functional architecture revealed by neurophysiologically defined simultaneous optic-fiber-based calcium recordings and task-free functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in rats.
58. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Evidence for transmission of COVID-19 prior to symptom onset

    Lauren C Tindale, Jessica E Stockdale ... Caroline Colijn

    Control of COVID-19 will require strong case finding and isolation of exposed individuals because transmission can occur days prior to symptom onset.
59. 1. Developmental Biology

    The Wg and Dpp morphogens regulate gene expression by modulating the frequency of transcriptional bursts

    Rachael Bakker, Madhav Mani, Richard W Carthew

    Experimental results in Drosophila support a model in which gene expression is fundamentally controlled by morphogens tuning the same transcription parameter for genes that are expressed in highly diverse patterns.
60. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    A divergent cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase complex controls the atypical replication of a malaria parasite during gametogony and transmission

    Aurélia C Balestra, Mohammad Zeeshan ... Mathieu Brochet

    Multiple steps of the atypical cell cycles underlying Plasmodium gametogony are controlled by a divergent cyclin/cyclin-dependent complex.
61. 1. Neuroscience

    The caudate nucleus contributes causally to decisions that balance reward and uncertain visual information

    Takahiro Doi, Yunshu Fan ... Long Ding

    Caudate neurons encode reward and sensory information and the effects of caudate microstimulation mimic the monkeys' voluntary reward bias strategy.
62. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Medicine

    Effective control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission between healthcare workers during a period of diminished community prevalence of COVID-19

    Nick K Jones, Lucy Rivett ... Michael P Weekes

    Diminished incidence of COVID-19 amongst healthcare workers in a comprehensive screening programme demonstrates how effective infection control measures and staff testing can prevent hospitals becoming independent 'hubs' of SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
63. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Developmental Biology

    Dynamic control of adipose tissue development and adult tissue homeostasis by platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha

    Sunhye Shin, Yiyu Pang ... Yuwei Jiang

    Combined fate mapping and genetic deletion studies reveal that PDGFRα+ cells and PDGFRα gene itself are required for adipose tissue development but not for adult tissue homeostasis.
64. 1. Cell Biology

    A quantitative inventory of yeast P body proteins reveals principles of composition and specificity

    Wenmin Xing, Denise Muhlrad ... Michael K Rosen

    Quantitative analyses of yeast P bodies reveals a small number of highly concentrated proteins and many weakly concentrated proteins, suggesting that the compartments are compositionally simpler than previously thought.
65. 1. Neuroscience

    Aberrant sorting of hippocampal complex pyramidal cells in type I lissencephaly alters topological innervation

    James A D'Amour, Tyler Ekins ... Chris J McBain

    The loss of lamination in mammalian brain structures under cellular heterotopia carries with it non-uniform ramifications for the various components of the canonical CA1 microcircuitry.
66. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    A trans-eQTL network regulates osteoclast multinucleation and bone mass

    Marie Pereira, Jeong-Hun Ko ... Jacques Behmoaras

    MMnet is a conserved, trans-regulated gene network that controls skeletal homeostasis through osteoclast multinucleation and bone resorptive function.
67. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Developmental Biology

    LUZP1, a novel regulator of primary cilia and the actin cytoskeleton, is a contributing factor in Townes-Brocks Syndrome

    Laura Bozal-Basterra, María Gonzalez-Santamarta ... Rosa Barrio

    LUZP1 is required for proper cilia and cytoskeleton formation.
68. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Ciliate mitoribosome illuminates evolutionary steps of mitochondrial translation

    Victor Tobiasson, Alexey Amunts

    The ciliate mitoribosome structure provides new insights into the diversity of translation and its evolution.
69. 1. Cancer Biology

    MEIS-mediated suppression of human prostate cancer growth and metastasis through HOXB13-dependent regulation of proteoglycans

    Calvin VanOpstall, Srikanth Perike ... Donald J Vander Griend

    The HOXB13 binding partner MEIS1 suppresses prostate cancer proliferation, invasion, and metastasis by promoting expression of the anti-oncogenic extracellular proteoglycan Decorin.
70. 1. Ecology

    Positive density dependence acting on mortality can help maintain species-rich communities

    Thomas G Aubier

    Some forms of positive density-dependence can favor species coexistence even if competitive species benefit the most from positive density-dependence.
71. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Droplet-based high-throughput cultivation for accurate screening of antibiotic resistant gut microbes

    William J Watterson, Melikhan Tanyeri ... Savaş Tay

    High-throughput droplet-based cultivation of gut microbes reduces biases of traditional cultivation strategies and thereby enables detection of difficult-to-culture organisms, which is required in applications such as antibiotic screening.
72. 1. Neuroscience

    The roles of online and offline replay in planning

    Eran Eldar, Gaëlle Lièvre ... Raymond J Dolan

    Replay of recently experienced trajectories during a decision task is coupled with more effective adaptation to change, whereas replay during rest is associated with limited decision making flexibility.
73. 1. Neuroscience

    Ca²⁺ entry through Na_V channels generates submillisecond axonal Ca²⁺ signaling

    Naomi AK Hanemaaijer, Marko A Popovic ... Maarten HP Kole

    High-speed calcium imaging from the axon initial segment shows that sodium channels are in part permeable to calcium ions.
74. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    MxB sensitivity of HIV-1 is determined by a highly variable and dynamic capsid surface

    Richard J Miles, Claire Kerridge ... Greg J Towers

    Conformational flexibility in HIV-1 capsid, provided by cyclophilin A binding, facilitates evasion of capsid-targeting restriction factor MxB, while allowing sequence change to facilitate cytotoxic T-cell evasion.
75. 1. Ecology

    Magnetic alignment enhances homing efficiency of hunting dogs

    Kateřina Benediktová, Jana Adámková ... Hynek Burda

    Before returning home, and when using novel routes, dogs align along the north-south axis, presumably to bring the mental map into register with the magnetic compass.
76. 1. Ecology

    Vessel noise levels drive behavioural responses of humpback whales with implications for whale-watching

    Kate R Sprogis, Simone Videsen, Peter T Madsen

    Controlled exposure experiments reveal that underwater vessel noise level from a motorised vessel is an adequate driver of behavioural disturbance in humpback whales.
77. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Nucleosome-CHD4 chromatin remodeler structure maps human disease mutations

    Lucas Farnung, Moritz Ochmann, Patrick Cramer

    The structure of the chromatin remodeller CHD4 bound to a nucleosome reveals differences to the known Chd1-nucleosome complex and maps cancer mutations.
78. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Topologically correct synthetic reconstruction of pathogen social behavior found during Yersinia growth in deep tissue sites

    Stacie A Clark, Derek Thibault ... Ralph Isberg

    Tissue infection by an extracellular pathogen is recapitulated by encasing a bacterial colony within a droplet gel to allow immune cell attack, driving spatially-controlled microbial social behavior.
79. 1. Neuroscience

    Dietary sugar inhibits satiation by decreasing the central processing of sweet taste

    Christina E May, Julia Rosander ... Monica Dus

    Taste-dependent satiation, which induces proper cessation of feeding in mammals as well as insects, is weakened by sugar-diet-driven taste impairment in the fruit fly.
80. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Pyphe, a python toolbox for assessing microbial growth and cell viability in high-throughput colony screens

    Stephan Kamrad, María Rodríguez-López ... Jürg Bähler

    An open-source python package for phenotype analyses provides a versatile, modular and user-friendly solution to determine complementary fitness-related traits from large-scale assays of microbial colonies.
81. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Hepatitis C virus exploits cyclophilin A to evade PKR

    Che C Colpitts, Sophie Ridewood ... Greg J Towers

    Hepatitis C virus evades IRF1-dependent intrinsic antiviral immunity by exploiting cyclophilin A and its regulation of PKR.
82. 1. Neuroscience

    Pupil-linked phasic arousal predicts a reduction of choice bias across species and decision domains

    Jan Willem de Gee, Konstantinos Tsetsos ... Tobias H Donner

    Across species and domains of decision-making, pupil-linked phasic arousal predicts suppression biases in the accumulation of evidence leading up to a choice.
83. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Physics of Living Systems

    The transition state and regulation of γ-TuRC-mediated microtubule nucleation revealed by single molecule microscopy

    Akanksha Thawani, Michael J Rale ... Sabine Petry

    Four αβ-tubulin dimers associate laterally on γ-TuRC to define the rate-limiting transition state for microtubule nucleation.
84. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    Evolutionarily conserved regulation of immunity by the splicing factor RNP-6/PUF60

    Chun Kew, Wenming Huang ... Adam Antebi

    The splicing factor RNP-6/PUF60 suppresses immunity by modulating host splicing and transcriptional responses to infection.
85. 1. Neuroscience

    PreBötzinger complex neurons drive respiratory modulation of blood pressure and heart rate

    Clément Menuet, Angela A Connelly ... Andrew M Allen

    The PreBötzinger complex, which contains neurons that are the kernel for inspiratory rhythm generation, also contains sympathoexcitatory and parasympathoinhibitory neurons that drive respiratory-phase oscillations in blood pressure and heart rate.
86. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Isolation and transcriptomic analysis of Anopheles gambiae oenocytes enables the delineation of hydrocarbon biosynthesis

    Linda Grigoraki, Xavier Grau-Bové ... Hilary Ranson

    Delineation of the cuticular hydrocarbon biosynthetic pathway in malaria vectors is a key step in understanding how mosquitoes adapt to anthropogenic change and vector control interventions.
87. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Physics of Living Systems

    Quantitative modeling of the effect of antigen dosage on B-cell affinity distributions in maturating germinal centers

    Marco Molari, Klaus Eyer ... Rémi Monasson

    Detailed and inferred model reproduces B-cell affinity distributions measured in mice immunized according to various protocols and explains non-monotonous effects of antigen dosage on maturation.
88. 1. Neuroscience

    Leptin increases sympathetic nerve activity via induction of its own receptor in the paraventricular nucleus

    Zhigang Shi, Nicole E Pelletier ... Virginia L Brooks

    Leptin acts in the paraventricular nucleus to slowly increase sympathetic nerve activity to skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue via induction of its own receptor in TRH glutamatergic neurons.
89. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    HIV-1 Vpr induces cell cycle arrest and enhances viral gene expression by depleting CCDC137

    Fengwen Zhang, Paul D Bieniasz

    A key target of the HIV-1 Vpr accessory protein is identified, whose depletion causes increased HIV-1gene expression and cell cycle arrest.
90. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Synergy between SIRT1 and SIRT6 helps recognize DNA breaks and potentiates the DNA damage response and repair in humans and mice

    Fanbiao Meng, Minxian Qian ... Baohua Liu

    SIRT1 deacetylates SIRT6 at K33 to facilitate DNA double-strand breaks-recognition, subsequent expansion and local chromatin remodeling.
91. 1. Developmental Biology

    Fatty acid β-oxidation is required for the differentiation of larval hematopoietic progenitors in Drosophila

    Satish Kumar Tiwari, Ashish Ganeshlalji Toshniwal ... Lolitika Mandal

    Genetic and molecular analyses reveal the decisive role of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) acting downstream to the ROS-JNK circuit essential for hemocyte progenitor differentiation in Drosophila..
92. 1. Cancer Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    FoxO suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress to inhibit growth of Tsc1-deficient tissues under nutrient restriction

    Avantika Gupta, Hugo Stocker

    Transcriptomic and genetic analyses of FoxO target genes reveal a key function of ER-associated protein degradation in growth regulation of Tsc1-deficient tissues.
93. 1. Neuroscience

    mPFC spindle cycles organize sparse thalamic activation and recently active CA1 cells during non-REM sleep

    Carmen Varela, Matthew A Wilson

    Sleep spindles provide a temporal framework to organize the reactivation of behaviorally relevant CA1 cells and sparsely active cells in the limbic thalamus.
94. 1. Neuroscience

    Globus pallidus dynamics reveal covert strategies for behavioral inhibition

    Bon-Mi Gu, Robert Schmidt, Joshua D Berke

    Rats can pre-position the state of their basal ganglia neural networks to adaptively influence their subsequent response to a Go signal.
95. 1. Neuroscience

    Distinct signals in medial and lateral VTA dopamine neurons modulate fear extinction at different times

    Lili X Cai, Katherine Pizano ... Ilana B Witten

    Dopamine neurons in medial versus lateral VTA encode different signals during fear extinction, yet inhibition of both populations influences fear extinction, at different times.
96. 1. Neuroscience

    The neurons that mistook a hat for a face

    Michael J Arcaro, Carlos Ponce, Margaret Livingstone

    Neuronal recordings reveal complex, heterogeneous inputs to face-selective neurons, suggesting that inferotemporal neurons do not represent objects in isolation, but are also sensitive to object relationships that reflect environmental regularities.
97. 1. Neuroscience

    Different neuronal populations mediate inflammatory pain analgesia by exogenous and endogenous opioids

    Xin-Yan Zhang, Yan-Nong Dou ... Yan-Gang Sun

    Exogenous opioid analgesia is mediated by MORs expressed in glutamatergic neurons, whereas endogenous opioid analgesia is mediated by MORs expressed in GABAergic neurons.
98. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    CRISPR-Cas12a exploits R-loop asymmetry to form double-strand breaks

    Joshua C Cofsky, Deepti Karandur ... Jennifer A Doudna

    The DNA flanks on either side of an R-loop differ in stability, and CRISPR-Cas12 enzymes form double-strand breaks by targeting the more unstable flank with their single DNase active site.
99. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

    Squalene emulsion-based vaccine adjuvants stimulate CD8 T cell, but not antibody responses, through a RIPK3-dependent pathway

    Eui Ho Kim, Matthew C Woodruff ... Bali Pulendran

    Experiments in mice provide insights into the immunological mechanisms of action the vaccine adjuvant MF59.
100. 1. Neuroscience

     Mature oligodendrocytes bordering lesions limit demyelination and favor myelin repair via heparan sulfate production

     Magali Macchi, Karine Magalon ... Pascale Durbec

     Heparan sulfate synthesis by mature oligodendrocytes creates a protective and permissive environment controling microglia and oligodendrocyte progenitors reactivation during remyelination.
101. 1. Cell Biology

     G protein-regulated endocytic trafficking of adenylyl cyclase type 9

     André M Lazar, Roshanak Irannejad ... Mark Von Zastrow

     An adenylyl cyclase isoform is shown to dynamically traffic to endosomes after activation by G protein in mammalian cells, contributing to cellular cAMP signaling by internalized GPCRs.
102. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Cell Biology

     Activin A forms a non-signaling complex with ACVR1 and type II Activin/BMP receptors via its finger 2 tip loop

     Senem Aykul, Richard A Corpina ... Vincent Idone

     The non-signaling complex formed by Activin A and ACVR1 is operant in vivo and is required to temper the degree of heterotopic ossification in the genetic disorder fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva.
103. 1. Cancer Biology

     The testis protein ZNF165 is a SMAD3 cofactor that coordinates oncogenic TGFβ signaling in triple-negative breast cancer

     Zane A Gibbs, Luis C Reza ... Angelique W Whitehurst

     Anomalous expression of the testis protein ZNF165 in cancer cells promotes assembly of a neomorphic transcriptional complex that modulates transcription of TGFβ target genes to support tumor cell survival.
104. 1. Evolutionary Biology

     Existence and functions of a kisspeptin neuropeptide signaling system in a non-chordate deuterostome species

     Tianming Wang, Zheng Cao ... Naiming Zhou

     Identification and functional characterization of the first non-chordate kisspeptin neuropeptide system in the sea cucumber indicates the ancient origin of the intracellular signaling and physiological functions of this molecular system.
105. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     An ECF-type transporter scavenges heme to overcome iron-limitation in Staphylococcus lugdunensis

     Angelika Jochim, Lea Adolf ... Simon Heilbronner

     An ECF-type transporter serves as broad-spectrum heme iron scavenger and allows an opportunistic pathogen to use multiple eukaryotic hemoproteins to overcome nutritional iron-limitation.
106. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

     Cohesion is established during DNA replication utilising chromosome associated cohesin rings as well as those loaded de novo onto nascent DNAs

     Madhusudhan Srinivasan, Marco Fumasoni ... Kim A Nasmyth

     Sister chromatid cohesion is established during replication by two independent pathways operating in parallel, one converts chromosomal cohesin into cohesive structures while the other loads cohesin onto nascent DNAs.
107. 1. Developmental Biology
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     Delineating the early transcriptional specification of the mammalian trachea and esophagus

     Akela Kuwahara, Ace E Lewis ... Jeffrey O Bush

     Tracheal and esophageal fate specification underlies human structural anomalies, multiple cancers, and human pluripotent stem cell approaches for generating respiratory and esophageal cell types for tissue engineering.
108. 1. Neuroscience

     Social aversive generalization learning sharpens the tuning of visuocortical neurons to facial identity cues

     Yannik Stegmann, Lea Ahrens ... Matthias J Wieser

     Measures of visuocortical activity during aversive generalization learning revealed sharpened representations of facial identity, reflecting inhibitory interactions between neuronal populations that represent facial features associated with threat versus safety.
109. 1. Neuroscience

     Modulation of dopamine D₁ receptors via histamine H₃ receptors is a novel therapeutic target for Huntington's disease

     David Moreno-Delgado, Mar Puigdellívol ... Peter J McCormick

     Progression of Huntington's disease can be slowed by altering dopamine signalling through the Dopamine 1 receptor - Histamine 3 receptor heteromer.
110. 1. Neuroscience

     Acute disruption of the synaptic vesicle membrane protein synaptotagmin 1 using knockoff in mouse hippocampal neurons

     Jason D Vevea, Edwin R Chapman

     Knockoff is a tool for researchers who wish to acutely disrupt a membrane protein.
111. 1. Neuroscience

     Hippocampal remapping as hidden state inference

     Honi Sanders, Matthew A Wilson, Samuel J Gershman

     Context representation in the hippocampus incorporates uncertainty and requires inference based on past experience.
112. 1. Cancer Biology

     Analysis of pulsed cisplatin signalling dynamics identifies effectors of resistance in lung adenocarcinoma

     Jordan F Hastings, Alvaro Gonzalez Rajal ... David R Croucher

     Overlaying single cell readouts of cell cycle and apoptosis onto a multidimensional analysis of pulsed cisplatin signalling dynamics reveals targetable mechanisms of platinum resistance in lung adenocarcinoma.
113. 1. Neuroscience

     Whole-organism behavioral profiling reveals a role for dopamine in state-dependent motor program coupling in C. elegans

     Nathan Cermak, Stephanie K Yu ... Steven W Flavell

     Simultaneous quantification of each of the main motor programs in the roundworm C. elegans yields new insights into the neural mechanisms that coordinate animal behavior.
114. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Physics of Living Systems

     Self-restoration of cardiac excitation rhythm by anti-arrhythmic ion channel gating

     Rupamanjari Majumder, Tim De Coster ... Daniël A Pijnappels

     Customization of ion channel gating enhances homeostatic regulation through automatic detection and correction of abnormal physiological changes, as illustrated by self-restoration of excitation rhythm in cardiac arrhythmias.
115. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Developmental Biology

     Shear stimulation of FOXC1 and FOXC2 differentially regulates cytoskeletal activity during lymphatic valve maturation

     Pieter R Norden, Amélie Sabine ... Tsutomu Kume

     Genetic and molecular analyses show that FOXC1 and FOXC2 play a role in controlling lymphatic valve maintenance as key mediators of mechanotransduction to control cytoskeletal organization and RhoA/ROCK signaling.
116. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Developmental Biology

     The dynamic transmission of positional information in stau^- mutants during Drosophila embryogenesis

     Zhe Yang, Hongcun Zhu ... Feng Liu

     In stau^-mutants, the Hunchback boundary shifts posteriorly by 10% EL but shows comparable variability to that of the wild type in short time windows in nuclear cycle 14.
117. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

     Biochemical basis for the regulation of biosynthesis of antiparasitics by bacterial hormones

     Iti Kapoor, Philip Olivares, Satish K Nair

     Biochemical and structural biological analyses show how bacteria can recognize hormones that control the production of important secondary metabolites such as antiparasitics and antibiotics.
118. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     FMRP promotes RNA localization to neuronal projections through interactions between its RGG domain and G-quadruplex RNA sequences

     Raeann Goering, Laura I Hudish ... J Matthew Taliaferro

     The molecular determinants for neuronal subcellular RNA transport by FMRP are defined, with interactions between RNA G-quadruplexes and the RGG domain of FMRP being of critical importance.
119. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Near-atomic structures of the BBSome reveal the basis for BBSome activation and binding to GPCR cargoes

     Shuang Yang, Kriti Bahl ... Maxence V Nachury

     Membrane recruitment of BBSome is coupled to a conformational change, and interaction of the BBSome with GPCR cargoes depends on the GPCRs releasing their amphipathic helix 8 from the membrane.
120. 1. Medicine

     TMAO, a seafood-derived molecule, produces diuresis and reduces mortality in heart failure rats

     Marta Gawrys-Kopczynska, Marek Konop ... Marcin Ufnal

     Trimethylamine-oxide (TMAO), a molecule present in seafood, reduces mortality and exerts beneficial effects on the circulatory system in heart failure rats.
121. 1. Neuroscience

     Fibrillar Aβ triggers microglial proteome alterations and dysfunction in Alzheimer mouse models

     Laura Sebastian Monasor, Stephan A Müller ... Sabina Tahirovic

     APPPS1 microglia express disease-associated proteomic signatures of Alzheimer's disease earlier, compared to the APP-KI, and these differences correlate with the levels of fibrillar Aβ and impaired microglial phagocytic function.
122. 1. Evolutionary Biology
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     Predicting geographic location from genetic variation with deep neural networks

     CJ Battey, Peter L Ralph, Andrew D Kern

     Neural networks allow fast and accurate prediction of individual spatial locations from genotypes or sequencing data.
123. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

     A non-linear system patterns Rab5 GTPase on the membrane

     Alice Cezanne, Janelle Lauer ... Marino Zerial

     Both protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions are essential for Rab5 symmetry breaking at the early endosome.
124. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Computational and Systems Biology

     Comprehensive exploration of the translocation, stability and substrate recognition requirements in VIM-2 lactamase

     John Z Chen, Douglas M Fowler, Nobuhiko Tokuriki

     Comprehensive mutational characterisation of VIM-2 metallo-beta-lactamase deciphered the residues responsible for key functional behavior, including translocation, stability, substrate recognition and catalysis.
125. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Immunology and Inflammation

     CD56 regulates human NK cell cytotoxicity through Pyk2

     Justin T Gunesch, Amera L Dixon ... Emily M Mace

     CD56/NCAM, the prototypical marker of human natural killer cells, promotes lytic function towards susceptible target cells by signaling through protein tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2).
126. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

     A non-canonical role for the EDC4 decapping factor in regulating MARF1-mediated mRNA decay

     William R Brothers, Steven Hebert ... Marc R Fabian

     Crosslink immunopreciptiation (iCLIP) studies reveal important mechanistic insights into how MARF1 post-transcriptionally regulates targeted mRNAs and uncover a novel mode by which EDC4 regulates mRNA metabolism.
127. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Immunology and Inflammation

     Formin-like 1 mediates effector T cell trafficking to inflammatory sites to enable T cell-mediated autoimmunity

     Scott B Thompson, Adam M Sandor ... Jordan Jacobelli

     Lymphocyte migration and autoimmunity induction rely on Formin-like 1-mediated actin network remodeling to push the lymphocyte nucleus through restrictive endothelial barriers.
128. 1. Neuroscience

     Dreaming with hippocampal damage

     Goffredina Spanò, Gloria Pizzamiglio ... Eleanor A Maguire

     A provoked awakening protocol during sleep reveals that selective bilateral hippocampal damage in humans is associated with reduced frequency, quality, and content of dreaming.
129. 1. Developmental Biology
     2. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

     Tgfβ signaling is required for tenocyte recruitment and functional neonatal tendon regeneration

     Deepak A Kaji, Kristen L Howell ... Alice H Huang

     TGFß signaling regulates migration of tenogenic cells from Scx- and non-Scx lineages and is required for functional regeneration after neonatal tendon injury.
130. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Developmental Biology

     An image-based data-driven analysis of cellular architecture in a developing tissue

     Jonas Hartmann, Mie Wong ... Darren Gilmour

     A computational strategy for extracting representative numerical features from 3D microscopy data enables in-depth quantitative analysis of cell and tissue organization through machine learning-driven data integration and context-guided visualization.
131. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Mechanisms of nucleotide selection by telomerase

     Matthew A Schaich, Samantha L Sanford ... Bret D Freudenthal

     The roles of key telomerase active site residues were elucidated to determine how telomerase selects the correct from the incorrect nucleotide to maintain telomere integrity.
132. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

     Diverse nucleosome Site-Selectivity among histone deacetylase complexes

     Zhipeng A Wang, Christopher J Millard ... Philip A Cole

     By analyzing five purified recombinant histone deacetylase complexes and designer acetylated mononucleosome substrates, the molecular basis of the unusual substrate specificity of the CoREST complex was revealed.
133. 1. Neuroscience

     Flexible motor sequence generation during stereotyped escape responses

     Yuan Wang, Xiaoqian Zhang ... Quan Wen

     Time-ordered and flexible motor sequences in C.elegans are generated by combining an excitatory feedforward coupling and mutual inhibitions between neurons in different functional modules.
134. 1. Neuroscience

     Circuits that encode and guide alcohol-associated preference

     Kristin M Scaplen, Mustafa Talay ... Karla R Kaun

     Alcohol modifies dopaminergic microcircuits required for acquisition and expression of sensory memories in Drosophila resulting in a shift in behavioral response from malleable to inflexible.
135. 1. Neuroscience
     2. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

     Hippocampal neural stem cells facilitate access from circulation via apical cytoplasmic processes

     Tamar Licht, Esther Sasson ... Eli Keshet

     Neural stem cells in the dentate gyrus have unique cytoplasmic processes that promote privileged access to circulating factors by a unique contact point with an endothelial cell.
136. 1. Neuroscience

     Microstructural organization of human insula is linked to its macrofunctional circuitry and predicts cognitive control

     Vinod Menon, Guillermo Gallardo ... Demian Wassermann

     In vivo quantitative analysis of multi-shell diffusion MRI reveals novel insights into microstructure of human insular cortex and its functional circuits associated with the salience network and cognitive control.
137. 1. Neuroscience

     Feedback contribution to surface motion perception in the human early visual cortex

     Ingo Marquardt, Peter De Weerd ... Kâmil Uludağ

     Novel evidence for a role of feedback in the perception of uniform surfaces in the human brain suggests that feedback already re-enters at an early visual processing stage.
138. 1. Neuroscience

     Activity-dependent tuning of intrinsic excitability in mouse and human neurogliaform cells

     Ramesh Chittajallu, Kurt Auville ... Chris J McBain

     Similar to their mouse counterparts, human neurogliaform cells that comprise a specialized from of inhibitory neuron, possess the ability to modulate their intrinsic excitability in response to ongoing network activity.
139. 1. Neuroscience
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     The His-Gly motif of acid-sensing ion channels resides in a reentrant ‘loop’ implicated in gating and ion selectivity

     Nate Yoder, Eric Gouaux

     The amino terminus of acid-sensing ion channel 1a forms a reentrant 'loop' that frames the lower pore and harbors a conserved 'His-Gly' motif implicated in gating and ion selectivity mechanisms.
140. 1. Developmental Biology
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     Genome editing enables reverse genetics of multicellular development in the choanoflagellate Salpingoeca rosetta

     David S Booth, Nicole King

     Genome editing in the choanoflagellate Salpingoeca rosetta opens newfound possibilities to functionally probe choanoflagellate genes that may illuminate the origin of their closest relatives, the animals.
141. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

     Specialization of the chromatin remodeler RSC to mobilize partially-unwrapped nucleosomes

     Alisha Schlichter, Margaret M Kasten ... Bradley R Cairns

     A SWI/SNF-family chromatin remodeling subcomplex from yeast is identified (RSC1) that is specialized to slide nucleosomes residing on DNA sequences that confer partial nucleosome unwrapping, with assistance from accessory factors.
142. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Developmental Biology

     Caenorhabditis elegans PIEZO channel coordinates multiple reproductive tissues to govern ovulation

     Xiaofei Bai, Jeff Bouffard ... Andy Golden

     Depletion of the mechanosensitive ion channel PEZO-1 in C. elegans disrupts the sheath and spermathecae cells to disrupt oocyte ovulation, resulting in crushed oocytes.
143. 1. Neuroscience

     A size principle for recruitment of Drosophila leg motor neurons

     Anthony W Azevedo, Evyn S Dickinson ... John C Tuthill

     Motor neurons controlling the leg of the fruit fly exhibit a gradient of physiological and functional properties that correlate with the order in which they fire during behavior.
144. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

     A conserved RNA degradation complex required for spreading and epigenetic inheritance of heterochromatin

     Gergana Shipkovenska, Alexander Durango ... Danesh Moazed

     Genetic and biochemical studies show that a conserved ribosome biogenesis complex also localizes to heterochromatin, where it triggers RNA degradation and promotes the spreading and epigenetic inheritance of histone methylation.
145. 1. Developmental Biology
     2. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

     Damage-responsive, maturity-silenced enhancers regulate multiple genes that direct regeneration in Drosophila

     Robin E Harris, Michael J Stinchfield ... Iswar K Hariharan

     The reduced ability of Drosophila imaginal discs to regenerate as they mature can be explained by the silencing of damage-responsive enhancers that regulate expression of genes required for regeneration.
146. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Synaptotagmin-1 is the Ca²⁺ sensor for fast striatal dopamine release

     Aditi Banerjee, Jinoh Lee ... Pascal S Kaeser

     Genetic and electrophysiological analyses reveal calcium-triggering mechanisms for dopamine release in the striatum that may enable fast and slow dopamine coding.
147. 1. Neuroscience

     Functional specification of CCK+ interneurons by alternative isoforms of Kv4.3 auxiliary subunits

     Viktor János Oláh, David Lukacsovich ... János Szabadics

     Single cell RNA, protein and electrophysiology data revealed that combinatorial availability of three auxiliary subunit isoforms of a single ion channel is sufficient for generating distinct, input frequency-sensitive firing phenotypes.
148. 1. Neuroscience

     Dopaminergic modulation of the exploration/exploitation trade-off in human decision-making

     Karima Chakroun, David Mathar ... Jan Peters

     Dopamine attenuates exploration during decision-making via a reduction of neural tracking of uncertainty.
149. 1. Developmental Biology
     2. Immunology and Inflammation

     Diverse homeostatic and immunomodulatory roles of immune cells in the developing mouse lung at single cell resolution

     Racquel Domingo-Gonzalez, Fabio Zanini ... Cristina M Alvira

     Single cell transcriptomics reveal a complex orchestration of lung immune cells during the transition from fetal to air-breathing life to fill context-specific functions in tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, and immunity.
150. 1. Cell Biology

     Lysosome activity is modulated by multiple longevity pathways and is important for lifespan extension in C. elegans

     Yanan Sun, Meijiao Li ... Xiaochen Wang

     Cell biological and genetic studies reveal age-associated alterations of lysosomes and modulation of lysosomal activity by longevity pathways.
151. 1. Physics of Living Systems
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Dynamic metastable long-living droplets formed by sticker-spacer proteins

     Srivastav Ranganathan, Eugene I Shakhnovich

     Multi-scale simulations reveal a potential, ATP-independent mechanism resulting in the formation of the long-living multi-droplet state by multi-valent, spacer-sticker proteins.
152. 1. Cancer Biology

     MARCH5 mediates NOXA-dependent MCL1 degradation driven by kinase inhibitors and integrated stress response activation

     Seiji Arai, Andreas Varkaris ... Steven P Balk

     MARCH5 mediates a pathway driving MCL1 degradation in response to cellular stress, which sensitizes to BH3 mimetic drugs targeting BCLXL and provides a broadly effective therapeutic strategy for solid tumors.
153. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

     Dithranol targets keratinocytes, their crosstalk with neutrophils and inhibits the IL-36 inflammatory loop in psoriasis

     Theresa Benezeder, Clemens Painsi ... Peter Wolf

     Targeting the differentiation regulators and/or AMPs of keratinocytes, rather than targeting immune cells, may be an alternative approach for topical anti-psoriatic treatment, an area with high need for new drugs.
154. 1. Neuroscience

     Hyperalignment: Modeling shared information encoded in idiosyncratic cortical topographies

     James V Haxby, J Swaroop Guntupalli ... Ma Feilong

     Hyperalignment provides a conceptual framework for cortical architecture that captures how shared information is encoded in idiosyncratic cortical topographies that preserve vector geometry for population response and connectivity patterns.
155. 1. Neuroscience

     Temperature compensation in a small rhythmic circuit

     Leandro M Alonso, Eve Marder

     Computational models demonstrate that circuit resilience to temperature perturbations are associated with smooth transitions between cellular mechanisms as the contributions of different currents are altered while activity is maintained.
156. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Developmental Biology

     TMEM95 is a sperm membrane protein essential for mammalian fertilization

     Ismael Lamas-Toranzo, Julieta G Hamze ... Pablo Bermejo-Álvarez

     TMEM95, a protein localized to the sperm acrosome cap, is essential for fertilization.
157. 1. Cell Biology

     Shear stress activates ADAM10 sheddase to regulate Notch1 via the Piezo1 force sensor in endothelial cells

     Vincenza Caolo, Marjolaine Debant ... David J Beech

     Cell protease and cell fate decisions are regulated by a bone fide force-sensor, the Piezo1 channel, and by this means achieve integration with the mechanical environment.
158. 1. Evolutionary Biology
     2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Retrocopying expands the functional repertoire of APOBEC3 antiviral proteins in primates

     Lei Yang, Michael Emerman ... Richard N McLaughlin Jnr

     Genomes take advantage of the gene-duplicating ability of retroelements to birth novel innate immune defense genes.
159. 1. Cell Biology

     The copy-number and varied strengths of MELT motifs in Spc105 balance the strength and responsiveness of the spindle assembly checkpoint

     Babhrubahan Roy, Simon JY Han ... Ajit P Joglekar

     Cell biological and genetic analyses reveal how budding yeast cells optimize Spindle Assembly checkpoint signaling to maximize chromosome segregation accuracy and minimize unnecessary delays in anaphase onset.
160. 1. Developmental Biology
     2. Immunology and Inflammation

     Tissue-resident macrophages promote extracellular matrix homeostasis in the mammary gland stroma of nulliparous mice

     Ying Wang, Thomas S Chaffee ... Kathryn L Schwertfeger

     A distinct resident macrophage subpopulation that localizes to the adipose stroma and fibrous capsule of the nulliparous mammary gland and to extracellular matrix-enriched stroma surrounding mammary tumors is identified.
161. 1. Neuroscience

     A Bayesian and efficient observer model explains concurrent attractive and repulsive history biases in visual perception

     Matthias Fritsche, Eelke Spaak, Floris P de Lange

     Attractive and repulsive history biases in visual perception occur simultaneously, yet over dissociable timescales, and are explained by efficient encoding and Bayesian decoding of visual information in a stable environment.
162. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     KRAB-zinc finger protein gene expansion in response to active retrotransposons in the murine lineage

     Gernot Wolf, Alberto de Iaco ... Todd S Macfarlan

     Unbiased ChIP-seq screens and genetic knockouts of large Kruppel associated box zinc finger protein (KRAB-ZFP) clusters reveal that evolutionarily young KRAB-ZFPs play a redundant role in retrotransposon restriction in mice.