Christopher I Cazzonelli, Xin Hou ... Barry J Pogson
Carotenoids are not just required as core components for plastid biogenesis, they can be cleaved into an apocarotenoid signal that regulates etioplast and chloroplast development during extended periods of darkness.
Thibaut Laboute, Jorge Gandía ... Jérôme AJ Becker
GPR88 inhibits G-protein signaling of nearby GPCRs, and dampens b-arrestin recruitment by all GPCRs tested, likely by sequestration in intracellular compartments.
The prediction accuracies of polygenic scores in humans vary depending on the characteristics of the samples, as well as based on the study design, within a single ancestry group.
Assembly of the human enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 into filaments promotes substrate-dependent resistance to feedback inhibition by downstream products, promoting increased flux during proliferative states.
Bruno Popik, Felippe Espinelli Amorim ... Lucas De Oliveira Alvares
Deconditioning is a safe and efficient new approach to updating traumatic memories, in which fear memory is rewritten to a very low level in a long-lasting way.
Quantitative experiments and analysis determine the limit of excitation power of 1300-nm three-photon microscopy, and the imaging depth where three-photon outperforms two-photon for calcium imaging in the mouse brain.
Andrés Aranda-Díaz, Benjamin Obadia ... Kerwyn Casey Huang
Shifts in pH that result from metabolic interactions between members of the Drosophila gut microbiota were sufficient to modulate Lactobacillus plantarum tolerance to the antibiotics rifampin and erythromycin.
Hundreds of proteins are involved in the DNA damage response but only three sensors for DSB were known but now SIRT6 is identified as a fourth DSB sensor.
Live imaging and genetic analyses revealed that notochord vacuoles play a critical role in spine morphogenesis by absorbing vertebral bone growth, thus implicating notochord mechanics in congenital scoliosis.
Justin Losacco, Daniel Ramirez-Gordillo ... Diego Restrepo
Tetrode recordings show that the amplitude of gamma oscillations encodes for information on contextual odorant identity when observed at the peak phase of the theta oscillation in the olfactory bulb.
Courtney R Johnson, Marc G Steingesser ... Michael A McMurray
A naturally-occurring small molecule acts as a chemical chaperone in vivo to alter the folding of a budding yeast septin and promote an oligomerization pathway that was lost during evolution.
Robust and wide-spread locomotion-related neural signals, revealed in the mouse auditory midbrain, suggest that integrating movement-related information is an essential aspect of midbrain sound processing.
Development of nanobodies against a model pentameric ligand-gated ion channel demonstrates they can be functionally active as negative or positive allosteric modulators and offers opportunities for future drug development.
Combined light and electron microscopy reveals a new function for Arp2/3-mediated actin assembly in nuclear envelope rupture, which leads to a separation of nuclear membranes and pores from the lamina.
Jordan G Okie, Amisha T Poret-Peterson ... James J Elser
Trait-based metagenomic analysis of an ecosystem fertilization experiment shows that genomic traits that affect the costs and rates of biochemical information-processing mediate community assembly.
Alasdair D Henderson, Maite Aubry ... Adam J Kucharski
A combination of eight serological surveys shows a decline in seroprevalence over a two-year period following the first reports of Zika transmission in Fiji and French Polynesia.
Marion V Guerin, Veronica Finisguerra ... Alain Trautmann
Dissecting structural, cellular and molecular differences between transplanted and spontaneous mouse tumor models, highlighting their relevance for predicting the efficacy of anti-cancer treatments in patients.
Klaas Bente, Sarah Mohammadinejad ... Damien Faivre
Bacteria reach swimming speeds of several hundred body lengths per second and change direction in less than 5 ms by using coordinated flagella bundle agitation.
Christopher A Jackson, Dayanne M Castro ... David Gresham
Single cell expression data can be used to determine how regulatory transcription factors and target genes are connected, and is especially useful when studying transcription factors controlling heterogeneous cell states.
Ana Filipa Domingues, Rashmi Kulkarni ... Cristina Pina
Histone acetyl-transferase Kat2a preserves leukemia stem cells through frequent transcriptional firing of metabolic and regulatory gene promoters and maintenance of a largely invariant self-renewal program.
LAR-RPTPs are not essential for synapse formation, but they are important determinants of synapse properties as they contribute to regulate postsynaptic NMDA receptor function.
The use of forward genetic screens in zebrafish identifies a new model of vertebrate aging, defining the regulating of the onset of aging phenotypes through maintenance of progenitor cell populations.
The occupation of a sub-pocket near the Na+-binding site in D2R by the Na+-insensitive antagonists is the structural basis for their greater inverse agonism than that of the Na+-sensitive ligands.
Agata Wesolowska-Andersen, Grace Zhuo Yu ... Mark I McCarthy
Combination of deep learning models trained on tissue-specific genomic data and fine-mapping approaches supports efforts to identify causal variants and mechanisms at GWAS loci.
The C-terminal membrane binding domain of Bim is shown to interact with and activate Bim enabling it to kill cells not dependent on anti-apoptotic proteins for survival.
Louise P Kirsch, Sahba Besharati ... Aikaterini Fotopoulou
Lesion analyses in right hemisphere stroke patients reveal the crucial role of the right anterior and posterior insula in the perception of affective touch.
Jingjing Sherry Wu, Eunyoung Yi ... Elisabeth Glowatzki
Based on the animal’s recent history of sound exposure, cholinergic auditory brainstem neurons dynamically regulate dopamine synthesis for inhibitory feedback to the inner ear.
Coordinated microRNAs activity induced by VEGF represses cell proliferation and favors cell migration at the onset of sprouting angiogenesis in endothelial cells.
Thomas D Miller, Trevor T-J Chong ... Clive R Rosenthal
Human hippocampal cornu ammonis 3 damage impairs both recent and remote autobiographical episodic memory, and disrupts functional integration in medial temporal lobe subsystem regions of the default network.
Milene R Malheiros-Lima, Josiane N Silva ... Thiago S Moreira
An unbiased description reveals potential implications for understanding the developmental mechanisms that match respiratory supply and demand during hypoxia.
Area 2 of somatosensory cortex represents kinematic details of the entire arm during movement, but this mapping from limb state to neural activity differs for reaching and passive limb displacement.
The combination of statistical inference and perturbation experiments reveals that trans-generational inheritance of cell size and cell-cycle speed, coupled through a minimum-size checkpoint, shapes paradoxical cell-cycle correlations in lineage trees.
Madhumitha Narasimhan, Alexander Johnson ... Jiří Friml
The examination of the ultra-structure and in vivo dynamics of endocytosis in plants reveal plants unique actin-independent, clathrin-mediated endocytosis mechanisms to overcome their unique physiological properties.
Unveiling a novel role of the chemokine CXCL12 in the mature brain that opens up new lines of investigation for the development of therapeutics against cognitive impairment.
Miri Shnayder, Aharon Nachshon ... Michal Schwartz
Single-cell and bulk expression analyses reveal that HCMV latent infection drives cells towards a weaker immune-responsive state, which is important for its expression and reactivation.
Polarity cascade initiated by aPKC in the periderm is transduced by adherens junction component E-cadherin to the basal epidermis during the development of zebrafish bilayered epidermis.
Samuel A Neymotin, Dylan S Daniels ... Stephanie R Jones
Human Neocortical Neurosolver is a new user-friendly software tool for researchers to develop and test hypotheses on cellular/circuit origins of human MEG/EEG signals using a biophysical model.
Conditional deletion of TGFβ signaling results in tenocyte dedifferentiation in vivo demonstrating a key role for TGFβ signaling in the maintenance of the tendon cell fate.
Cancer cell expression of the T-cell co-stimulatory molecule CD80, or treatment with agonistic antibodies targeting the T-cell co-stimulatory receptors OX-40 or 4-1BB, enhances the anti-tumor activity of FAK inhibition.
A peptide derived from BK and JC polyomavirus protein VP2/3 inhibits viral infection by targeting a binding site in the pore of polyomavirus VP1 pentamers, enabling future VP1-targeted therapeutic strategies.
The tethering complex HOPS employs affinity for each of the 4 SNAREs to catalyze assembly of 3-SNARE intermediates, supporting an immediate burst of membrane fusion triggered by the 4th SNARE.
Cyanobacteria with chlorophyll f show substantial near-infrared radiation-driven photosynthesis and can play an important role for primary production in endolithic, intertidal habitats.
Cascades of transient pairwise interactions, stabilized by multisensory inputs, drive the formation of a well-organized social structure from a group of loosely distributed flies.
Two homologous kinesin motors, KIF5A and KIF5B, have distinct functions in dendritic spine morphogenesis, and KIF5B plays a role in synaptic plasticity and memory.
Aravindakshan Parthasarathy, Kenneth E Hancock ... Daniel B Polley
Ear canal EEG and pupillometry reveal disordered temporal processing in adults with normal hearing who struggle to understand conversations in noisy backgrounds.
Kishor K Sivaraj, Backialakshmi Dharmalingam ... Ralf H Adams
The interplay between the transcriptional co-regulators YAP1/TAZ and the hypoxia-controlled transcription factor HIF1α differentially regulates endothelial cell behavior in the hypoxic environment of bone compared to other organs.
Compared to other isoforms of RAS, KRAS4b has unique membrane diffusion behavior related to its biology, and the two major domains of the protein both contribute to this diffusion behavior.
Tatyana Bodrug, Elizabeth M Wilson-Kubalek ... Jawdat Al-Bassam
Biochemical, single molecule, cell and structural biology studies reveal an interaction between the kinesin-5 tail and motor domains regulating high-force production, which is critical for microtubule sliding motility.
Sundar Ram Sankaranarayanan, Giuseppe Ianiri ... Kaustuv Sanyal
The centromeres in Malassezia species, by breakage or inactivation, facilitate genome rearrangements that can result in varying karyotypes and contribute to the evolution of these species.
Jennifer A Honeycutt, Camila Demaestri ... Heather C Brenhouse
Early life adversity led to hyper-innervation from the basolateral amygdala to the prefrontal cortex earlier in females than males and disrupted maturation of functional connectivity, which predicted anxiety-like outcomes.
Alexander Karge, Nicolle A Bonar ... Christian P Petersen
RNAi screening in planarians finds that inhibition of the TEC-family protein tyrosine kinase tec-1 increases the regeneration of neurons through enhancement of cell survival.
Tobias Geiger, Maria Lara-Tejero ... Jorge E Galán
Biochemical analyses and the crystal structure of TtsA reveal fundamental insight into the mechanisms by which this muramidase recognizes its peptidoglycan substrate to facilitate typhoid toxin secretion.
An experimentally constrained multiscale mathematical model predicts that branched actin networks self-organize at endocytic sites and bend to produce force, which was verified with cryo-electron tomography of intact cells.
Ahmad Abdelzaher Zaki Khalifa, Muneyoshi Ichikawa ... Khanh Huy Bui
A structure of the ciliary inner junction at 3.6 Å resolution permits atomic modeling of six inner junction proteins and their interactions with acetylated lysine 40 loops of alpha tubulins.
Vahan Serobyan, Zacharias Kontarakis ... Didier YR Stainier
Genes implicated in mutant mRNA decay and small RNA maturation and transport into the nucleus are required for transcriptional adaptation in C. elegans.
Jonathan M Budzik, Danielle L Swaney ... Jeffery S Cox
Measurement of post-translational modifications in primary macrophages infected with Mtb revealed phosphorylation of TAX1BP1, an autophagy receptor that enables full maturation of the Mtb autophagosome.
Gab1 is a key downstream effector of PDGF signaling and essential to oligodendrocyte differentiation by linking PDGF signaling with GSK3β/β-catenin module.
Katrin Kierdorf, Fabian Hersperger ... Marc S Dionne
A cytokine partly derived from macrophages is required to promote normal muscle health and metabolism by inhibiting the activity of the insulin signalling pathway in the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster.
Vascular endothelial cells in the brain, heart and lung exhibit tissue-specific heterogeneity and plasticity, expressing genes that were traditionally thought to be only expressed by the surrounding parenchymal tissue cells.
Alicia N Vagnozzi, Kiran Garg ... Polyxeni Philippidou
Molecular programs regulated by Hox5 transcription factors establish a set of inhibitory inputs onto phrenic motor neurons that control the pattern of respiratory motor output.
Unbiased mapping of viral open reading frames (ORFs) and transcripts in HHV-6 genomes uncovers novel ORFs and lncRNAs that are conserved across betaherpesviruses.
Adérito L Monjane, Simon Dellicour ... Darren P Martin
Phylogenetic analyses demonstrate an evolutionary trade-off between the amount of harm inflicted by a broad host-range virus and how effectively the virus positions itself within plants to enable onward transmission.
A theoretical model comprehensively describes the stepping dynamics of the motor protein myosin V, unraveling the significance of a recently discovered structural constraint on the angle between its lever arms.
Deletion of one copy of the postsynaptic density protein synGAP in rodents causes an increase in the level of the AMPA receptor auxiliary protein TARP in PSDs only in females.
Transcriptomes of cells in the Drosophila visual system combined with anatomy and other information reveal new functional insight into the visual circuit.
Sebastià Franch-Expósito, Laia Bassaganyas ... Jordi Camps
CNApp is a novel and unique web-based software that enables the performance of comprehensive and integrative analysis of genomic copy number alterations to uncover new associations with patient-oriented relevance.
Two cryo-EM structures of the mammalian BBSome show how the BBSome is recruited to membranes and activated by the GTPase ARL6 prior to binding transmembrane proteins.
BUD23 links ribosome function with mitochondrial protein expression and efficient oxidative phosphorylation by promoting selective mRNA translation and is therefore critical to mouse development and postnatal cardiac function.
Mechanical interactions between bacterial species with different motility characteristics play an important role in spatial-temporal dynamics of multi-species bacterial colonies and can lead to formation of complex patterns.
The protein TPX2 and the protein complex augmin together recruit the microtubule nucleator γ-TuRC to a pre-existing microtubule where they initiate branching microtubule nucleation.
In neuronal mitophagy, Parkin and OPTN induce efficient sequestration of damaged somal mitochondria into autophagosomes, but slow turnover via lysosomal acidification may be a point of vulnerability for the cell.
The transcription factor Lola is defined as a non-canonical Hippo signaling component essential for Drosophila midgut homeostasis via its interaction with Warts and suppression on Dref and SkpA expression levels.
Single molecule mRNA imaging uncovers post-transcriptional regulation of myc mRNA, via a cell-intrinsic mechanism allowing individualised control of neural stem cell proliferation during Drosophila brain development.
Both bottom-up and top-down processing are involved in the occipital-temporal face network, with the top-down modulation more extensively engaged when available information is sparse in the face images.
Tomomi Tsunematsu, Amisha A Patel ... Shuzo Sakata
Sub-second pontine waves functionally interact with hippocampal population activity in a state-dependent manner across sleep states, while brainstem ensemble dynamics exhibit slow, long-lasting state-predictive activity.
Matthew T Parker, Katarzyna Knop ... Gordon G Simpson
Sequencing mRNA directly with nanopores can reveal the authentic combinations of multiple mRNA processing events in full-length mRNA molecules in addition to identifying base modifications.
Hua-Qian Yang, Marta Pérez-Hernández ... William A Coetzee
The functional interaction of Na+ and KATP channels at the intercalated disk of cardiomyocytes depends on Ankyrin G and is clinically relevant since KATP channel mutations affect Na+ channel expression.
Combining Organs-on-Chips technology with adult intestinal organoids provides an improved model of human duodenum and a new platform for preclinical drug assessment.
Virapat Kieuvongngam, Paul Dominic B Olinares ... Jue Chen
Cryo-EM structure of a peptidase-containing ABC transporter in complex with its protein substrate reveals a mechanism of coupling substrate cleavage to translocation.
Rosa Maria Porreca, Emilia Herrera-Moyano ... Jean-Baptiste Vannier
TRF1 suppresses replication fork stalling, which triggers break induced replication at telomeres associated with DNA damage response, alteration in the telomere chromatin environment, and re-localisation of telomeres to PML bodies.
The Pkpk and Pksple isoforms of the Prickle protein determine right- or left-handed bristle morphogenesis by coupling Frizzled/Vang signaling to the Fat/Dachsous PCP directional signal in opposite directions.
Two cancer related proteins, tyrosine phosphatase PTPRK and ubiquitin ligase ZNRF3, interact to downregulate Wnt receptors, thereby regulating Spemann organizer function during Xenopus development.
Alejandra Escudero-Lara, Josep Argerich ... Rafael Maldonado
A mouse model of endometriosis reveals that moderate doses of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol produce clear regression of ectopic endometrial growths, pronounced alleviation of pelvic pain and unexpected memory improvements.
Stephanie L Tsai, Clara Baselga-Garriga, Douglas A Melton
Elucidation of the molecular basis of early wound epidermis dependence during salamander limb regeneration reveals midkine as a key modulator of wound epidermis development and wound-healing resolution.
Purification of two conserved protein complexes, the γ-TuRC and Augmin, using a simple affinity technique, demonstrates that they are necessary and sufficient for the essential phenomenon of branching microtubule nucleation.
Renumathy Dhanasekaran, Virginie Baylot ... Dean W Felsher
MYC and Twist1 drive metastasis by a novel non-cell-autonomous transcriptional mechanism of eliciting a cytokinome that mediates the crosstalk between cancer cells and macrophages, and its therapeutic blockade inhibits metastasis.
Andres de Groot, Bastijn JG van den Boom ... Tycho M Hoogland
A light-weight, compact and open-source miniaturized fluorescence microscope integrates dual region brain imaging, optogenetic stimulation and behavioral parsing using an accelerometer.
Ivana Strazic Geljic, Paola Kucan Brlic ... Tihana Lenac Rovis
Single mouse cytomegalovirus protein, m154, downmodulates surface expression of numerous targets important for NK and CD8 T cell activation by perturbing adaptor protein-1 sorting and redirecting targets to lysosomal degradation.
Machine learning and experimental tests of receiver bias identify signal components critical to correct species classification in guenons, linking face pattern diversity to selection for species discrimination.
The structure of the COMPASS methyltransferase bound to an H2B-ubiquitinated nucleosome provides insights into mechanisms of trans-histone cross-talk and the dynamic role of H2B ubiquitination in stimulating histone methylation.
1H-Magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 14T reveals a metabolic signature for anti-depressant-like effects of acetyl-L-carnitine in nucleus accumbens of susceptible mouse.
An in vitro reconstitution assay reveals stoichiometric levels of the short form of Opa1 work together with the long form of Opa1 to mediate efficient and fast membrane pore opening.
Olivier Thouvenin, Ludovic Keiser ... Claire Wyart
The combination of data and modelling shows the mechanisms underlying bidirectional flow of cerebrospinal fluid and its impact on long range transport in the CSF between brain and spinal cord.
Parisa Asghari, David RL Scriven ... Edwin DW Moore
Repositioning the type II ryanodine receptors on the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane is a potential new mechanism regulating their function, and therefore the strength of cardiac contraction.
E Mae Guthman, Joshua D Garcia ... Molly M Huntsman
Sst+ interneurons drive feedforward inhibition in the basolateral amygdala, and thus provide a framework for why interneuron subtypes may mediate different archetypal circuit motifs across different brain regions.
A coordinated humoral immune response that includes recognition, effector and cytotoxic factors engages the cell-mediated immune response to defend a snail against infection by schistosome parasites.
Understanding of bacterial protein degradation is illuminated by cryo-EM structures of the substrate-bound ClpXP complex from Neisseria meningitidis at 2.3 to 3.3 Å resolution.
Jennifer A Taylor, Benjamin P Bratton ... Nina R Salama
The helical bacterium Helicobacter pylori patterns cell wall synthesis using two distinct cytoskeletal proteins, CcmA and MreB, to achieve its characteristic shape.
In addition to its classic role in synaptic function and plasticity, macroautophagy regulates neuronal intrinsic excitability via degradation of acetylated Kir2 channels to control neurotransmission.
Najia A Elkahlah, Jackson A Rogow ... E Josephine Clowney
Sensory innervation density in the insect associative learning center is set by postsynaptic cells and accomplished by flexible allocation of processes by presynaptic cells.
In vitro culture of brain endothelial cells leads to a rapid loss of the blood-brain barrier transcriptional and accessible chromatin landscapes that is resistant to the effects of beta-catenin stabilization.
Travis A Babola, Calvin J Kersbergen ... Dwight E Bergles
Supporting cells in the cochlea change their shape in response to purinergic receptor activation, which influences hair cell excitability by altering potassium redistribution in the extracellular space.
Douaa Mugahid, Marian Kalocsay ... Marc W Kirschner
Besides a cell autonomous role in regulating proliferation, YAP regulates the production of several extracellular molecules allowing for population-level coordination of cell growth and death.
The different laminar profiles observed across the cortical depth for multisensory and attentional influences indicate partly distinct neural circuitries of information-flow control.
The tetrameric structure of a casposase bound to DNA and its biochemical properties show how a transposase could have evolved to perform CRISPR-Cas spacer acquisition.
The transcription coactivators SAGA and TFIID have redundant function at a subset of yeast genes while SAGA also contributes to transcription of all genes through regulation of chromatin modifications.
Jong Wook Kim, Christian Berrios ... William C Hahn
ST recruitment of STRIPAK facilitates PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation of MAP4K4 and induces cell transformation highlighting that STRIPAK complex plays a key role in defining PP2A specificity and activity.
RNA-Seq analysis and in vivo validation via genetic approach uncover that Scrt2 and Celf4 are expressed in inner ear auditory neurons throughout development.
Mor Gross-Vered, Sébastien Trzebanski ... Steffen Jung
Detailed analysis of the sequence of monocyte differentiation into distinct gut tissue macrophages provides insights into monocyte biology and can serve as a platform for the design of cell therapies.
Xrp1 contributes to cell competition as a heterodimer with the Drosophila C/EBP homolog Irbp18 and although rapidly evolving is itself conserved beyond Drosophila.
Direct-to-consumer genetic genealogy services that allow users to upload their own datasets are vulnerable to attacks on genetic privacy that exploit the structure of genetic variation.
Catherine E Eichler, Anna C Hakes ... Elizabeth R Gavis
RNP granules confer temporal and spatial regulation of oskar mRNA degradation to minimize inheritance of oskar mRNAby germ cells and thereby protect germline development.
Antoine Vigouroux, Baptiste Cordier ... Sven van Teeffelen
Class-A penicillin-binding proteins are dispensable for rod-like cell-shape but essential for mechanical integrity by sensing and repairing cell-wall defects locally, as investigated in the model system Escherichia coli.
Harrison Tudor Evans, Liviu-Gabriel Bodea, Jürgen Götz
Quantitative de novo proteomics paired with in vivo cell-specific non-canonical amino acid labelling identified several spatial long-term memory-induced changes in protein synthesis in hippocampal neurons.
Death receptor 5 can directly sense misfolded proteins downstream of the endoplasmic reticulum to provide a quality control mechanism that executes apoptosis and prevents further production of misfolded proteins.
Infrared laser-mediated gene induction microscopy enables precise single-cell labeling in various tissues of zebrafish, and in vivo visualized single-cell lineage tracing reveals the lineage heterogeneity in hematopoietic endothelial cells.
A molecular mechanism that involves highly conserved transcription factors enables cholinergic motor neurons of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to become and remain functional.
Sophia Karpenko, Sebastien Wolf ... Georges Debrégeas
Light-seeking strategies in Zebrafish larvae are dissected using a virtual-reality assay, and these data are used to establish minimal stochastic and neural-circuits models that quantitatively capture this behavior.