September 2021

Research articles

1. 1. Cancer Biology
   2. Cell Biology

   Localization of KRAS downstream target ARL4C to invasive pseudopods accelerates pancreatic cancer cell invasion

   Akikazu Harada, Shinji Matsumoto ... Akira Kikuchi

   Specific localization of KRAS downstream target ARL4C with its novel interacting proteins was the active site of invasion of pancreatic cancer cell and induced metastasis.
2. 1. Cell Biology

   A MET-PTPRK kinase-phosphatase rheostat controls ZNRF3 and Wnt signaling

   Minseong Kim, Carmen Reinhard, Christof Niehrs

   HGF-MET signaling phosphorylates- and PTPRK dephosphorylates ZNRF3 to regulate ZNRF3 internalization, functioning as a rheostat for Wnt signaling.
3. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
   2. Physics of Living Systems

   First-principles model of optimal translation factors stoichiometry

   Jean-Benoît Lalanne, Gene-Wei Li

   A parsimonious biophysical model correctly predicts the conserved expression stoichiometry of core bacterial mRNA translation factors, providing intuitive and quantitative design principles for in vivo pathway construction.
4. 1. Genetics and Genomics
   2. Plant Biology

   Principles of mRNA targeting via the Arabidopsis m⁶A-binding protein ECT2

   Laura Arribas-Hernández, Sarah Rennie ... Peter Brodersen

   The Arabidopsis N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A)-binding protein ECT2 binds to m⁶A in the canonical RR[m⁶A]CH motif, not a plant-specific motif as previously thought, and its intrinsically disordered region contributes to mRNA binding via contacts with U-rich motifs.
5. 1. Cell Biology
   2. Neuroscience

   The LRRK2 G2019S mutation alters astrocyte-to-neuron communication via extracellular vesicles and induces neuron atrophy in a human iPSC-derived model of Parkinson’s disease

   Aurelie de Rus Jacquet, Jenna L Tancredi ... Erin K O'Shea

   Extracellular vesicles are proposed as novel, non-cell-autonomous mediators of neuronal atrophy in Parkinson's disease.
6. 1. Cell Biology
   2. Plant Biology

   Members of the ELMOD protein family specify formation of distinct aperture domains on the Arabidopsis pollen surface

   Yuan Zhou, Prativa Amom ... Anna A Dobritsa

   Pollen aperture patterning in Arabidopsis is controlled by members of the ELMOD protein family, whose expression levels in developing pollen lineage are tightly regulated.
7. 1. Genetics and Genomics
   2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

   Adaptation and compensation in a bacterial gene regulatory network evolving under antibiotic selection

   Vishwa Patel, Nishad Matange

   Mutations in gene regulatory proteins set the stage for the evolution of antimicrobial resistance by shifting the fitness landscape of resistance-conferring mutations.
8. 1. Genetics and Genomics
   2. Plant Biology

   The YTHDF proteins ECT2 and ECT3 bind largely overlapping target sets and influence target mRNA abundance, not alternative polyadenylation

   Laura Arribas-Hernández, Sarah Rennie ... Peter Brodersen

   The Arabidopsis N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A) binding proteins ECT2 and ECT3 act redundantly in the cytoplasm to regulate m⁶A-containing mRNAs whose abundances are reduced in ect2/ect3/ect4 knockout plants although the locations of their polyadenylation sites remain unaffected, contrary to currently held beliefs.
9. 1. Neuroscience
   2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

   Mutational analysis to explore long-range allosteric couplings involved in a pentameric channel receptor pre-activation and activation

   Solène N Lefebvre, Antoine Taly ... Pierre-Jean Corringer

   A pentameric channel-receptor was studied by combining allosteric mutations, electrophysiology, fluorescent reporters and normal mode analysis, to dissect the long-range allosteric couplings specifically involved in its pre-activation and activation.
10. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Structure of mycobacterial CIII₂CIV₂ respiratory supercomplex bound to the tuberculosis drug candidate telacebec (Q203)

    David J Yanofsky, Justin M Di Trani ... John L Rubinstein

    The structure of the Mycobacterium smegmatis CIII₂CIV₂ respiratory supercomplex with telacebec (Q203) bound shows how this tuberculosis drug candidate blocks respiration in mycobacteria.
11. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

    Adult stem cells and niche cells segregate gradually from common precursors that build the adult Drosophila ovary during pupal development

    Amy Reilein, Helen V Kogan ... Daniel Kalderon

    Somatic stem and niche cells in the Drosophila ovary develop from common precursors through regulated proliferative expansion, followed by acquisition of position-specific behaviors, rather than through rigid early specification events.
12. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    3′HS1 CTCF binding site in human β-globin locus regulates fetal hemoglobin expression

    Pamela Himadewi, Xue Qing David Wang ... Xiaotian Zhang

    The 3'HS1 CTCF binding site directly modulates chromosomal loops to regulate γ-globin expression through the accession of the hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin enhancer.
13. 1. Medicine
    2. Neuroscience

    Neural basis for regulation of vasopressin secretion by anticipated disturbances in osmolality

    Angela Kim, Joseph C Madara ... Bradford B Lowell

    Two non-overlapping neural circuits that involve the lamina terminalis and arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus independently drive feedforward anticipatory suppression and activation of vasopressin neurons by drinking and feeding, respectively.
14. 1. Neuroscience

    Profiling sensory neuron microenvironment after peripheral and central axon injury reveals key pathways for neural repair

    Oshri Avraham, Rui Feng ... Valeria Cavalli

    The microenvironment surrounding sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia responds differently to peripheral and central injuries, revealing that non-neuronal cells can be manipulated to promote axon regeneration after central injury.
15. 1. Developmental Biology

    Differentiation of mouse fetal lung alveolar progenitors in serum-free organotypic cultures

    Konstantinos Gkatzis, Paolo Panza ... Didier YR Stainier

    A serum-free organotypic culture model of mouse lung epithelial progenitors was developed and used to screen WNT modulators for regulators of epithelial differentiation.
16. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Medicine

    APOE4 is associated with elevated blood lipids and lower levels of innate immune biomarkers in a tropical Amerindian subsistence population

    Angela R Garcia, Caleb Finch ... Benjamin C Trumble

    The relationship between APOE genotype and disease risks may be environmentally moderated, with APOE4 being less harmful and unlikely to increase cardiometabolic risk in a physically active, energy-limited population.
17. 1. Neuroscience

    Lying in a 3T MRI scanner induces neglect-like spatial attention bias

    Axel Lindner, Daniel Wiesen, Hans-Otto Karnath

    Exposing subjects to the magnetic field of an MRI scanner stimulates the vestibular organ and thereby induces a horizontal bias of spatial orienting and exploration similar to that seen in stroke patients with spatial neglect.
18. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Exposure to landscape fire smoke reduced birthweight in low- and middle-income countries: findings from a siblings-matched case-control study

    Jiajianghui Li, Tianjia Guan ... Tao Xue

    Gestational exposure to landscape fire smoke harms maternal health, especially in low and middle-income countries.
19. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    mRNA vaccination in people over 80 years of age induces strong humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 with cross neutralization of P.1 Brazilian variant

    Helen Parry, Gokhan Tut ... Paul Moss

    The BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine is highly effective at generating immune responses in people over the age of 80 years and provides good cross neutralization of the P.1 gamma variant of concern.
20. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Total parasite biomass but not peripheral parasitaemia is associated with endothelial and haematological perturbations in Plasmodium vivax patients

    João L Silva-Filho, João CK Dos-Santos ... Fabio TM Costa

    Data exploring host and parasite signatures in the peripheral blood indicate that total parasite biomass is a better predictor of P. vivax-induced host responses and pathogenesis than peripheral parasitemia.
21. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Phosphorylation of luminal region of the SUN-domain protein Mps3 promotes nuclear envelope localization during meiosis

    Hanumanthu BD Prasada Rao, Takeshi Sato ... Akira Shinohara

    Cytological analyses combined with in vitro liposome reconstitution reveal that yeast SUN domain protein, Mps3, shows meiosis-specific phosphorylation in the luminal region of the nuclear envelope during meiosis for chromosome motion and nuclear envelope remodelling.
22. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Cell Biology

    Quantitative proteomics reveals the selectivity of ubiquitin-binding autophagy receptors in the turnover of damaged lysosomes by lysophagy

    Vinay V Eapen, Sharan Swarup ... J Wade Harper

    A combination of spatial proteomic and autophagic flux approaches was used to reveal the landscape of turnover of damaged lysosomes, demonstrating a key role for the autophagy receptor TAX1BP1 and its associated kinase TBK1 in both HeLa cells and iNeurons.
23. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Physics of Living Systems

    Autonomous clocks that regulate organelle biogenesis, cytoskeletal organization, and intracellular dynamics

    Mohammad Mofatteh, Fabio Echegaray-Iturra ... Mustafa G Aydogan

    Latest advances in biological timing studies substantiate an emerging concept of autonomous clocks that are normally entrained by the cell cycle and/or the circadian clock to run in synchrony, but have evolved to run independently to regulate different cellular events.
24. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease
    2. Physics of Living Systems

    A morphological transformation in respiratory syncytial virus leads to enhanced complement deposition

    Jessica P Kuppan, Margaret D Mitrovich, Michael D Vahey

    Respiratory syncytial virus produces filamentous particles that change shape when the viral matrix detaches from the viral membrane, and this change in shape results in enhanced deposition of complement proteins, with potential downstream consequences.
25. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Competitive binding of MatP and topoisomerase IV to the MukB hinge domain

    Gemma LM Fisher, Jani R Bolla ... David J Sherratt

    Topoisomerase IV and the ter-binding protein MatP competitively bind the hinge domain of the Escherichia coli Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes complex, MukB, leading to spatiotemporal regulation of MukBEF-topoisomerase IV activity.
26. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Tiled-ClickSeq for targeted sequencing of complete coronavirus genomes with simultaneous capture of RNA recombination and minority variants

    Elizabeth Jaworski, Rose M Langsjoen ... Andrew L Routh

    Tiled-ClickSeq provides a simple and novel next-generation sequencing approach for complete genome sequencing of viruses including SARS-CoV-2, whilst capturing RNA recombination events and minority variants.
27. 1. Medicine
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    An open label randomized controlled trial of tamoxifen combined with amphotericin B and fluconazole for cryptococcal meningitis

    Nguyen Thi Thuy Ngan, Nhat Thanh Hoang Le ... Jeremy N Day

    Despite evidence of significant anti-cryptococcal activity in vitro and animal models, including synergy with other antifungal agents, high-dose tamoxifen has no impact on cerebrospinal fluid sterilization in cryptococcal meningitis.
28. 1. Cell Biology

    Dietary nitrate supplementation prevents radiotherapy-induced xerostomia

    Xiaoyu Feng, Zhifang Wu ... Songlin Wang

    Dietary nitrate supplementation could effectively prevent irradiation therapy-induced xerostomia for patients with head and neck cancer, providing a novel, safe, and effective way to resolve this issue.
29. 1. Cell Biology

    Age-dependent changes in protein incorporation into collagen-rich tissues of mice by in vivo pulsed SILAC labelling

    Yoanna Ariosa-Morejon, Alberto Santos ... Tonia L Vincent

    Protein dynamics signatures in ageing collagen-rich tissues that are central to frequent age-related diseases such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis.
30. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Physics of Living Systems

    Mechanically transduced immunosorbent assay to measure protein-protein interactions

    Christopher J Petell, Kathyrn Randene ... Joshua P Steimel

    METRIS is a method that reports a mechanical readout of protein-protein interactions and due to its unique properties, it will allow many protein-protein interactions to be quantitatively measured easily that are currently laborious to measure with conventional methods.
31. 1. Neuroscience

    Individual history of winning and hierarchy landscape influence stress susceptibility in mice

    Katherine B LeClair, Kenny L Chan ... Scott J Russo

    Socially dominant mice, unlike subordinates, are protected from displaying a common stress-associated behavioral deficit, social avoidance, following exposure to multiple kinds of chronic stress.
32. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Deep evolutionary origin of gamete-directed zygote activation by KNOX/BELL transcription factors in green plants

    Tetsuya Hisanaga, Shota Fujimoto ... Keiji Nakajima

    Gamete-derived three-amino-acid-loop-extension homeodomain proteins activate zygote development in a strikingly similar manner between basal land plants and green algae, indicating an ancestral role of these transcription factors in green plants.
33. 1. Cancer Biology
    2. Medicine

    Mutation analysis links angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma to clonal hematopoiesis and smoking

    Shuhua Cheng, Wei Zhang ... Wayne Tam

    Comparative analysis establishes genetic links among angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), clonal hematopoiesis, and concomitant hematologic malignancies, and provides insights into the cell of origin, etiology, and biomarker discovery for AITL.
34. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    PGFinder, a novel analysis pipeline for the consistent, reproducible, and high-resolution structural analysis of bacterial peptidoglycans

    Ankur V Patel, Robert D Turner ... Stéphane Mesnage

    PGFinder is an open-source software dedicated to the analysis of peptidoglycan mass spectrometry data that paves the way for peptidoglycomics.
35. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Quantifying the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viral load and infectiousness

    Aurélien Marc, Marion Kerioui ... Jeremie Guedj

    Viral dynamic modeling reveals the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viral load and infectiousness and allows to anticipate the effects of variants of concern and of vaccination on transmission.
36. 1. Neuroscience

    A parameter-free statistical test for neuronal responsiveness

    Jorrit S Montijn, Koen Seignette ... J Alexander Heimel

    A simple and robust statistical test for neuronal stimulus response, that outperforms PSTH-based approaches such as t-tests and ANOVAs.
37. 1. Neuroscience

    A state space modeling approach to real-time phase estimation

    Anirudh Wodeyar, Mark Schatza ... Mark A Kramer

    A statistically principled approach developed to estimate phase of rhythmic signals in real-time shows robustness to multiple sources of error and also provides confidence criteria.
38. 1. Neuroscience

    Hippocampal replay of experience at real-world speeds

    Eric L Denovellis, Anna K Gillespie ... Loren M Frank

    A new state space decoder revealed that most hippocampal sharp-wave ripples contain coherent spatial content, and that this 'replay' typically progresses at speeds similar to those seen during actual experiences.
39. 1. Ecology

    Linking spatial self-organization to community assembly and biodiversity

    Bidesh K Bera, Omer Tzuk ... Ehud Meron

    A trait-based model of dryland vegetation uncovers the roles of spatial self-organization in maintaining biodiversity in a changing climate and offers novel ways of managing ecosystems at risk.
40. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Single-molecule imaging reveals the concerted release of myosin from regulated thin filaments

    Quentin M Smith, Alessio V Inchingolo ... Neil M Kad

    Direct single molecule visualization of striated muscle relaxation using thin filament tightropes reveals the concerted release of myosins, with implications for models of muscle function.
41. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Spatiotemporal dynamics of PIEZO1 localization controls keratinocyte migration during wound healing

    Jesse R Holt, Wei-Zheng Zeng ... Medha M Pathak

    Piezo1 activity within keratinocytes slows healing of wounded skin via dynamic channel enrichment at regions of the wound edge, causing localized retraction and thus hindering keratinocyte migration during wound healing.
42. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Phase response analyses support a relaxation oscillator model of locomotor rhythm generation in Caenorhabditis elegans

    Hongfei Ji, Anthony D Fouad ... Christopher Fang-Yen

    Behavioral, optogenetic, and computational modeling analyses show that the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans uses a relaxation oscillation mechanism to generate rhythmic locomotor patterns.
43. 1. Physics of Living Systems
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Conformational changes in twitchin kinase in vivo revealed by FRET imaging of freely moving C. elegans

    Daniel Porto, Yohei Matsunaga ... Hang Lu

    Quantitative FRET imaging in moving C. elegans shows that stretch-unfolding of twitchin kinase occurs in the active muscle, whereby mechanical activity titrates the signaling pathway of this cytoskeletal kinase.
44. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    TRPM7 is critical for short-term synaptic depression by regulating synaptic vesicle endocytosis

    Zhong-Jiao Jiang, Wenping Li ... Liang-Wei Gong

    Electrophysiological and live-cell imaging analyses identify a presynaptic function of Ca²⁺ influx via transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) channels.
45. 1. Neuroscience

    ASIC1a is required for neuronal activation via low-intensity ultrasound stimulation in mouse brain

    Jormay Lim, Hsiao-Hsin Tai ... Jaw-Lin Wang

    Mouse brain neurons response to transcranial ultrasound at the energy level of 5 mW/cm² and repeated stimulations lead to neurogenesis while ASIC1a is required both in vitro and in vivo as one of the mechanoreceptors.
46. 1. Neuroscience

    Convergent and divergent brain structural and functional abnormalities associated with developmental dyslexia

    Xiaohui Yan, Ke Jiang ... Fan Cao

    Convergent structural and functional brain deficits associated with dyslexia were found in left superior temporal gyrus across languages, however, language-specific deficits were also identified.
47. 1. Medicine

    Characterization and prediction of clinical pathways of vulnerability to psychosis through graph signal processing

    Corrado Sandini, Daniela Zöller ... Stephan Eliez

    A novel methodical approach aimed at improving translation of network analyses to psychopathology provides an intuitive representation of longitudinal clinical pathways between symptoms and can assist in predicting prognosis.
48. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Developmental Biology

    Human embryo polarization requires PLC signaling to mediate trophectoderm specification

    Meng Zhu, Marta Shahbazi ... Magdalena Zernicka Goetz

    Functional analyses of in vitro fertilized, preimplanation human embryos reveal that the first lineage segregation depends on cell polarization signaling that is regulated by Phospholipase C (PLC) activity.
49. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Myopalladin knockout mice develop cardiac dilation and show a maladaptive response to mechanical pressure overload

    Maria Carmela Filomena, Daniel L Yamamoto ... Marie-Louise Bang

    Ablation of the sarcomeric protein myopalladin (MYPN), associated with human cardiomyopathies, results in dilated cardiomyopathy, which is severely aggravated by biomechanical stress, suggesting that skeletal myopathy patients carrying MYPN loss-of-function mutations may develop cardiomyopathy under conditions of cardiac stress.
50. 1. Neuroscience

    Task-specific roles of local interneurons for inter- and intraglomerular signaling in the insect antennal lobe

    Debora Fusca, Peter Kloppenburg

    In the antennal lobe of insects, nonspiking local interneurons play a crucial role in intraglomerular signaling.
51. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

    Multiscale analysis reveals that diet-dependent midgut plasticity emerges from alterations in both stem cell niche coupling and enterocyte size

    Alessandro Bonfini, Adam J Dobson ... Nicolas Buchon

    The nutrient composition of food alters both the size of gut epithelial cells and the ability of the stem cell niche to control tissue turnover, resulting in changes in size at the organ level.
52. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Physics of Living Systems

    Integrin α5β1 nano-presentation regulates collective keratinocyte migration independent of substrate rigidity

    Jacopo Di Russo, Jennifer L Young ... Joachim P Spatz

    The use of nanopatterned hydrogels and specific integrin α5β1 peptidomimetic revealed that keratinocytes require an optimum inter-ligand spacing to best propagate intercellular forces and efficiently coordinate cell sheet migration.
53. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Common host variation drives malaria parasite fitness in healthy human red cells

    Emily R Ebel, Frans A Kuypers ... Elizabeth S Egan

    Human red blood cells from healthy donors display marked biophysical and genetic variation that impacts the growth of Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites, outside of known disease alleles.
54. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Infection-exposure in infancy is associated with reduced allergy-related disease in later childhood in a Ugandan cohort

    Lawrence Lubyayi, Harriet Mpairwe ... Alison M Elliott

    In a Ugandan birth cohort, early childhood infection-exposure, notably to malaria, helminths, and diarrhoea, is associated with lower prevalence of atopy and allergy-related diseases in later childhood.
55. 1. Neuroscience

    Circadian regulation of vertebrate cone photoreceptor function

    Jingjing Zang, Matthias Gesemann ... Stephan CF Neuhauss

    Circadian expression of cone visual transduction genes and corresponding proteins correlates with circadian changes in photoresponse kinetics and visual behavior, linking circadian gene expression with physiological and behavioral rhythmicity.
56. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Neuroscience

    A zebrafish screen reveals Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors as neuroprotective via mitochondrial restoration in dopamine neurons

    Gha-Hyun J Kim, Han Mo ... Su Guo

    In vivo dopamine neuron imaging-based neuroprotective small molecule screen in larval zebrafish and mechanistic investigation using conditional CRISPR knockout and cell-type-specific RNA-seq analysis, coupled with cross-species analyses including human clinical data interrogation, uncover potential disease-modifying therapeutics for Parkinson's disease (PD).
57. 1. Cell Biology

    Impaired mRNA splicing and proteostasis in preadipocytes in obesity-related metabolic disease

    Julia Sánchez-Ceinos, Rocío Guzmán-Ruiz ... María M Malagón

    Alternative splicing and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein degradation (ERAD) system represent essential, fat depot-specific components of the adipogenesis that are altered in preadipocytes from obese individuals with metabolic disease.
58. 1. Cancer Biology
    2. Cell Biology

    Fine-tuned repression of Drp1-driven mitochondrial fission primes a ‘stem/progenitor-like state’ to support neoplastic transformation

    Brian Spurlock, Danitra Parker ... Kasturi Mitra

    A mitochondria-based 'priming' of stemness happens by fine-tuned repression of the level or activity of the master regulator of mitochondrial fission, Drp1, which supports carcinogen-induced transformation in a keratinocyte model.
59. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    Evolution of pathogen tolerance and emerging infections: A missing experimental paradigm

    Srijan Seal, Guha Dharmarajan, Imroze Khan

    An integrated empirical paradigm tracing immune strategies, underlying mechanisms and infection outcomes across reservoir host-pathogen systems, their specific ecological contexts, life-history features, and coevolutionary dynamics can reveal the actual patterns and processes underlying spillover in the wild.
60. 1. Cell Biology

    Metformin alleviates stress-induced cellular senescence of aging human adipose stromal cells and the ensuing adipocyte dysfunction

    Laura Le Pelletier, Matthieu Mantecon ... Veronique Bereziat

    Aging is associated with stress-induced senescence of adipose stromal cells, leading to impaired adipogenesis, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and insulin resistance, all being alleviated by metformin treatment of adipose stromal cells.
61. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Stretching of the retinal pigment epithelium contributes to zebrafish optic cup morphogenesis

    Tania Moreno-Mármol, Mario Ledesma-Terrón ... Paola Bovolenta

    Retinal pigment epithelium flattening is an efficient solution adopted by the fast-developing zebrafish to enable folding of the eye primordia, which contrasts with the proliferation-based mechanism used by amniotes.
62. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    A prion accelerates proliferation at the expense of lifespan

    David M Garcia, Edgar A Campbell ... Daniel F Jarosz

    In its capacity to switch into a heritable, prionogenic form, a conserved RNA-modifying enzyme epigenetically alters fundamental growth, aging, and protein synthesis properties of eukaryotic cells.
63. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Activity-dependent Golgi satellite formation in dendrites reshapes the neuronal surface glycoproteome

    Anitha P Govind, Okunola Jeyifous ... William N Green

    Neuronal activity triggers the dispersal of the Golgi into dendritic Golgi satellites, leading to reshaping of the neuronal surface glycoproteome through processing of glycans to mature, sialic acid-containing forms.
64. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Variation in human herpesvirus 6B telomeric integration, excision, and transmission between tissues and individuals

    Michael L Wood, Colin D Veal ... Nicola J Royle

    Human herpesvirus 6B can transition between telomere-integrated and free viral forms, and frequent telomere-loop-driven partial or complete viral genome excision events create mosaicism in germline carriers of inherited chromosomally integrated HHV-6B.
65. 1. Neuroscience

    The cell adhesion molecule Sdk1 shapes assembly of a retinal circuit that detects localized edges

    Pierre-Luc Rochon, Catherine Theriault ... Arjun Krishnaswamy

    A novel retinal ganglion cell requires a cell adhesion molecule to grow its dendrites, collect synaptic inputs, and become selective to edges placed in its receptive field.
66. 1. Physics of Living Systems

    Condensation tendency and planar isotropic actin gradient induce radial alignment in confined monolayers

    Tianfa Xie, Sarah R St Pierre ... Yubing Sun

    Radial alignment in confined cell monolayers with isotropic actin network is found to be mediated by the condensation tendency and tissue-scale actin gradient.
67. 1. Neuroscience

    Diverse inhibitory projections from the cerebellar interposed nucleus

    Elena N Judd, Samantha M Lewis, Abigail L Person

    Inhibitory cerebellar feedback to the inferior olive is central to computational models of learning, but novel targets of these neurons identified here expand their potential roles.
68. 1. Neuroscience

    Developmental change in prefrontal cortex recruitment supports the emergence of value-guided memory

    Kate Nussenbaum, Catherine A Hartley

    The use of prior experience to adaptively prioritize information in memory increases from childhood to adulthood and engages corticostriatal circuitry.
69. 1. Neuroscience

    Synaptotagmin 7 is targeted to the axonal plasma membrane through γ-secretase processing to promote synaptic vesicle docking in mouse hippocampal neurons

    Jason D Vevea, Grant F Kusick ... Edwin R Chapman

    Synaptotagmin 7 is asymmetrically localized to the axonal plasma membrane through γ-secretase processing to promote vesicle docking during short-term synaptic plasticity in mouse hippocampal neurons.
70. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Vaccination induces rapid protection against bacterial pneumonia via training alveolar macrophage in mice

    Hao Gu, Xi Zeng ... Yun Shi

    Intranasal immunization of inactivated whole cell of some Gram-negative bacteria induces very rapid and efficient protection against bacterial pulmonary by training alveolar macrophage response, which can be harnessed to design rapid-effecting vaccine against multidrug-resistant bacteria infection.
71. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Maturation of Purkinje cell firing properties relies on neurogenesis of excitatory neurons

    Meike E van der Heijden, Elizabeth P Lackey ... Roy V Sillitoe

    Intersectional genetics show that excitatory neurons are essential for the functional and anatomical maturation of cerebellar circuits in mice.
72. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Evolutionary dynamics of circular RNAs in primates

    Gabriela Santos-Rodriguez, Irina Voineagu, Robert J Weatheritt

    An analysis of the genomic features that distinguish conserved from species-specific circular RNAs reveals that the expansion of the downstream intron by insertion of retrotransposons stabilizes circular RNAs' production across 30+ millions years of evolution.
73. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Circular RNA repertoires are associated with evolutionarily young transposable elements

    Franziska Gruhl, Peggy Janich ... David Gatfield

    Evolutionary analyses suggest that most mammalian circRNAs did not emerge from common ancestral circRNA precursors, arguing against widespread functional conservation.
74. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Medicine

    SMA-miRs (miR-181a-5p, -324-5p, and -451a) are overexpressed in spinal muscular atrophy skeletal muscle and serum samples

    Emanuela Abiusi, Paola Infante ... Francesco Danilo Tiziano

    The identification of SMA-miR supports the pathogenic role of skeletal muscle in spinal muscular atrophy and, integrated in the SMA-score, may help to improve the phenotypic prediction for patients.
75. 1. Neuroscience

    Temporo-cerebellar connectivity underlies timing constraints in audition

    Anika Stockert, Michael Schwartze ... Sonja A Kotz

    With unique lesion-informed tractography, left hemisphere temporo-cerebellar structural connectivity has been established, supporting rapid auditory transmission and cortical functional lateralization.
76. 1. Ecology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Social-like responses are inducible in asocial Mexican cavefish despite the exhibition of strong repetitive behavior

    Motoko Iwashita, Masato Yoshizawa

    A new tracking method revealed the social-like interactions in the Mexican blind cavefish, which was thought to be evolutionarily lost, and also demonstrated its mammal-like antagonistic association between the social-like interaction and repetitive behavior.
77. 1. Computational and Systems Biology

    PARROT is a flexible recurrent neural network framework for analysis of large protein datasets

    Daniel Griffith, Alex S Holehouse

    PARROT makes it easy for anyone to train and use system- or data-specific deep learning models that map between protein sequence and arbitrary sequence annotations.
78. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Gamete expression of TALE class HD genes activates the diploid sporophyte program in Marchantia polymorpha

    Tom Dierschke, Eduardo Flores-Sandoval ... John L Bowman

    The ancestral mechanism to activate diploid gene expression via homeodomain transcription factors was retained in liverworts, an early diverging land plant lineage, and subsequently co-opted during evolution of the diploid sporophyte body.
79. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Structural characterization of NrnC identifies unifying features of dinucleases

    Justin D Lormand, Soo-Kyoung Kim ... Holger Sondermann

    Dinucleases, specialized enzymes that catalyze the final step in RNA degradation, have evolved independently and repeatedly to fulfill essential roles in cell growth.
80. 1. Neuroscience

    ‘Fearful-place’ coding in the amygdala-hippocampal network

    Mi-Seon Kong, Eun Joo Kim ... Jeansok J Kim

    By recording simultaneous spike trains from fear-responsive basal amygdala (BA) and place-responsive dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) neurons in rats foraging for food in a risky predatory situation, a novel BA-dHPC circuit coding mechanism for interfacing danger and place information was revealed.
81. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Characterizing human mobility patterns in rural settings of sub-Saharan Africa

    Hannah R Meredith, John R Giles ... Amy Wesolowski

    Mobile phone data reveal aspects of human mobility patterns in Sub-Saharan Africa missed by standard spatial models however, model estimates can be improved by accounting for trip urbanicity and region.
82. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Monocyte-derived transcriptome signature indicates antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis as a potential mechanism of vaccine-induced protection against HIV-1

    Shida Shangguan, Philip K Ehrenberg ... Rasmi Thomas

    Using single-cell CITE-seq to implicate monocytes as the cellular origin of a protective HIV vaccine gene signature.
83. 1. Cell Biology

    Ectocytosis prevents accumulation of ciliary cargo in C. elegans sensory neurons

    Adria Razzauti, Patrick Laurent

    Disposal of ciliary proteins via ectosomes budding from cilia tip or cilia base acts as a safeguard mechanism when cilia trafficking functions are impaired.
84. 1. Cancer Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Stimulation of hypothalamic oxytocin neurons suppresses colorectal cancer progression in mice

    Susu Pan, Kaili Yin ... Guo Zhang

    Assessments using chemogenetic and pharmacological approaches reveal that modulation of the activities of oxytocin neurons in the hypothalamus of the central nervous system could inhibit colorectal cancer progression in mice.
85. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Local adaptation and archaic introgression shape global diversity at human structural variant loci

    Stephanie M Yan, Rachel M Sherman ... Rajiv C McCoy

    Graph genotyping of structural variation in diverse human populations reveals functional associations and signatures of local adaptation within poorly resolved regions of the genome.
86. 1. Neuroscience

    A reduction in voluntary physical activity in early pregnancy in mice is mediated by prolactin

    Sharon R Ladyman, Kirsten M Carter ... David R Grattan

    Despite voluntary exercise being rewarding to mice, pregnancy hormones act in the maternal brain to markedly reduce the time females choose to engage in this activity.
87. 1. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

    Mesenchymal stromal cell aging impairs the self-organizing capacity of lung alveolar epithelial stem cells

    Diptiman Chanda, Mohammad Rehan ... Victor J Thannickal

    Lung stem cell niche aging is associated with altered bioenergetics, metabolic dysfunction, and senescence of mesenchymal stromal cells that restricts 3D organoid, or alveolosphere formation, potentially accounting for reduced regenerative capacity with aging.
88. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    A population-level invasion by transposable elements triggers genome expansion in a fungal pathogen

    Ursula Oggenfuss, Thomas Badet ... Daniel Croll

    The activation of transposable elements and relaxed purifying selection underpin an incipient expansion of the genome in populations of a major wheat pathogen.
89. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Developmental Biology

    Whole-organism 3D quantitative characterization of zebrafish melanin by silver deposition micro-CT

    Spencer R Katz, Maksim A Yakovlev ... Keith C Cheng

    Melanin staining for micro-CT imaging, using a novel application of ionic silver deposition, enables qualitative and quantitative 3D analysis of zebrafish pigmentation and reveals subtle phenotypes missed by light microscopy.
90. 1. Cell Biology

    A PX-BAR protein Mvp1/SNX8 and a dynamin-like GTPase Vps1 drive endosomal recycling

    Sho W Suzuki, Akihiko Oishi ... Scott D Emr

    PX-BAR Mvp1 and dynamin-like GTPase Vps1 drive retromer-independent endosomal recycling.
91. 1. Plant Biology

    A novel bivalent chromatin associates with rapid induction of camalexin biosynthesis genes in response to a pathogen signal in Arabidopsis

    Kangmei Zhao, Deze Kong ... Seung Yon Rhee

    A previously uncharacterized type of bivalent chromatin plays an important role controlling the timely induction of genes involved in making a potent defense metabolite upon a pathogen signal in Arabidopsis.
92. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    A modified fluctuation assay reveals a natural mutator phenotype that drives mutation spectrum variation within Saccharomyces cerevisiae

    Pengyao Jiang, Anja R Ollodart ... Kelley Harris

    Certain mutational signatures vary in their contribution to genetic variation across the yeast phylogeny due to genetically encoded natural mutator phenotypes whose activity can be directly measured in the lab.
93. 1. Neuroscience

    A projectome of the bumblebee central complex

    Marcel Ethan Sayre, Rachel Templin ... Stanley Heinze

    Serial-section electron microscopy uncovers the intricate neural network of the bumblebee central complex, revealing highly conserved projection patterns as well as novel circuit elements potentially unique to bees.
94. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    A nascent polypeptide sequence modulates DnaA translation elongation in response to nutrient availability

    Michele Felletti, Cédric Romilly ... Kristina Jonas

    Specific amino acids in the N-terminus of the replication initiator protein DnaA inhibit translation elongation upon carbon starvation, illustrating that the identity of the N-terminal amino acids of a protein can modulate protein synthesis yield under changing conditions.
95. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    SUV39 SET domains mediate crosstalk of heterochromatic histone marks

    Alessandro Stirpe, Nora Guidotti ... Thomas Schalch

    Clr4, a highly conserved SUV39 histone methyltransferase, requires its SET domain to sense histone H3K14 ubiquitination in order to maintain heterochromatin and H3K9 methylation.
96. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Neuroscience

    Translational control of polyamine metabolism by CNBP is required for Drosophila locomotor function

    Sonia Coni, Federica A Falconio ... Laura Ciapponi

    A decrease of the type 2 myotonic dystrophy gene product CNBP causes an impairment of polyamine metabolism and locomotor dysfunction that can be reverted with polyamine supplementation.
97. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Continuous attractors for dynamic memories

    Davide Spalla, Isabel Maria Cornacchia, Alessandro Treves

    A neural network model with asymmetric synaptic interactions can store and retrieve multiple continuous memory sequences with their temporal structure.
98. 1. Ecology
    2. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Microbiome-pathogen interactions drive epidemiological dynamics of antibiotic resistance: A modeling study applied to nosocomial pathogen control

    David RM Smith, Laura Temime, Lulla Opatowski

    A novel mathematical modeling framework for antibiotic-resistant bacteria combining within-host microbiome-pathogen interactions with population-level pathogen epidemiology, demonstrating how antibiotic consumption and ecological competition come together to drive the spread of resistance.
99. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Bipartite binding and partial inhibition links DEPTOR and mTOR in a mutually antagonistic embrace

    Maren Heimhalt, Alex Berndt ... Roger L Williams

    The inhibitory protein DEPTOR make two widely separated interactions with mTOR that are both necessary for its unique partial mTOR inhibition, and DEPTOR is a more potent inhibitor of mutation- or RHEB-activated mTORC1 than basal mTORC1.
100. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Cryo-EM reveals new species-specific proteins and symmetry elements in the Legionella pneumophila Dot/Icm T4SS

     Michael J Sheedlo, Clarissa L Durie ... Melanie D Ohi

     Structural analysis of the type IV secretion system purified from Legionella pneumophila uncovers new complex components and symmetry mismatches.
101. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
     2. Developmental Biology

     An XRCC4 mutant mouse, a model for human X4 syndrome, reveals interplays with Xlf, PAXX, and ATM in lymphoid development

     Benoit Roch, Vincent Abramowski ... Jean-Pierre de Villartay

     A viable separation of function XRCC4 knock-in mutant mouse model recapitulates some aspects of XRCC4 deficiency in humans, notably the absence of immune deficiency.
102. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

     Filopodia powered by class x myosin promote fusion of mammalian myoblasts

     David W Hammers, Cora C Hart ... H Lee Sweeney

     Filopodia driven by class X myosin promote the fusion of mammalian myoblasts in the development of skeletal muscle and are important for the regeneration of skeletal muscle following muscle injury.
103. 1. Neuroscience

     Distinct population code for movement kinematics and changes of ongoing movements in human subthalamic nucleus

     Dennis London, Arash Fazl ... Roozbeh Kiani

     Subthalamic nucleus spiking activity, beta oscillation power, and locking of spikes to the beta oscillation are decreased prior to changes in ongoing movements.
104. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Optimal plasticity for memory maintenance during ongoing synaptic change

     Dhruva V Raman, Timothy O'Leary

     Simple mathematical reasoning shows that the large amount of synaptic turnover seen in many parts of the brain is in fact optimal for memory retention.
105. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Regulation of human mTOR complexes by DEPTOR

     Matthias Wälchli, Karolin Berneiser ... Timm Maier

     Structural and functional analysis reveals the mechanistic basis for mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent roles of DEP domain-containing mTOR interacting protein (DEPTOR) in cancer and metabolic regulation.
106. 1. Neuroscience

     Activation of mTORC1 and c-Jun by Prohibitin1 loss in Schwann cells may link mitochondrial dysfunction to demyelination

     Gustavo Della-Flora Nunes, Emma R Wilson ... M Laura Feltri

     mTORC1 and c-Jun are implicated in a possible mechanism causing myelin loss downstream of mitochondrial dysfunction in Schwann cells.
107. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
     2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Multiple introductions of multidrug-resistant typhoid associated with acute infection and asymptomatic carriage, Kenya

     Samuel Kariuki, Zoe A Dyson ... Gordon Dougan

     Carriage of MDR S. Typhi H58 sublineages that also cause acute disease provides understanding of the transmission dynamics of typhoid fever and maintenance of local pathogen populations in Kenya children.
108. 1. Plant Biology
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     In situ cryo-ET structure of phycobilisome–photosystem II supercomplex from red alga

     Meijing Li, Jianfei Ma ... Sen-Fang Sui

     The nature of the phycobilisome–photosystem II supercomplex on the native thylakoid determined with cryo-electron tomography at an unprecedented resolution reveals that one phycobilisome interconnects with six photosystem monomers.
109. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     RNA splicing programs define tissue compartments and cell types at single-cell resolution

     Julia Eve Olivieri, Roozbeh Dehghannasiri ... Julia Salzman

     Comprehensive analysis of alternative splicing from human droplet-based scRNA-seq data identifies genes with regulated splicing conserved in mouse and mouse lemur.
110. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Computational and Systems Biology

     Addressing shortfalls of laboratory HbA_1c using a model that incorporates red cell lifespan

     Yongjin Xu, Richard M Bergenstal ... Ramzi A Ajjan

     The person-specific adjusted HbA_1c addresses non-glycaemic variation in laboratory HbA_1c due to red blood cell lifespan differences, potentially providing a better marker to predict diabetes complications and guide glycaemic management.
111. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     Comparison of transcriptional initiation by RNA polymerase II across eukaryotic species

     Natalia Petrenko, Kevin Struhl

     Although the preinitiation complex for transcriptional initiation by RNA polymerase II contains highly conserved general transcription factors, there are kinetic and compositional differences in the initiation process among eukaryotic species.
112. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     Epigenome-wide analysis of DNA methylation and coronary heart disease: a nested case-control study

     Jiahui Si, Songchun Yang ... China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group

     Epigenetic regulations in the smoking- and blood pressure-related pathways to the future risk of coronary heart disease may reveal novel pathways or therapeutic targets.
113. 1. Cell Biology

     Structural basis for membrane recruitment of ATG16L1 by WIPI2 in autophagy

     Lisa M Strong, Chunmei Chang ... James H Hurley

     The crystal structure of human WIPI2 bound to the ATG16L1 WIPI2-interacting region, combined with in vitro reconstitution and cellular autophagy assays, shows how the LC3 lipidation machinery is recruited in autophagy initiation.
114. 1. Neuroscience

     Coherent theta activity in the medial and orbital frontal cortices encodes reward value

     Linda M Amarante, Mark Laubach

     The more you want it or the better it is, the stronger is medial frontal theta (paraphrased from a retweet of the preprint by Dr James Hyman).
115. 1. Ecology

     Little evidence that Eurasian jays protect their caches by responding to cues about a conspecific’s desire and visual perspective

     Piero Amodio, Benjamin G Farrar ... Nicola S Clayton

     Across five experiments, Eurasian jays’ caching behaviour provides little evidence of the ability to integrate cues about a potential pilferer’s visual perspective and desire and, challenging previous findings, to respond to either of the two social cues independently.
116. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     A Tad-like apparatus is required for contact-dependent prey killing in predatory social bacteria

     Sofiene Seef, Julien Herrou ... Tâm Mignot

     First identification of the molecular determinants driving contact-dependent predation in Myxococcus..
117. 1. Neuroscience

     Heterogeneous side effects of cortical inactivation in behaving animals

     Ariana R Andrei, Samantha Debes ... Valentin Dragoi

     Focal optogenetic inactivation of cortex induces complex changes in neural responses outside the targeted area that can influence behavioral performance.
118. 1. Developmental Biology

     End-of-life targeted degradation of DAF-2 insulin/IGF-1 receptor promotes longevity free from growth-related pathologies

     Richard Venz, Tina Pekec ... Collin Yvès Ewald

     Inducible degradation of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor shows that a doubling in lifespan is possible even at extremely old ages in an organism.
119. 1. Neuroscience

     Coupling between motor cortex and striatum increases during sleep over long-term skill learning

     Stefan M Lemke, Dhakshin S Ramanathan ... Karunesh Ganguly

     Sleep spindles, distinctive brain activity patterns occurring in non-REM sleep, modify cross-area connectivity in the motor network relevant for behavioral flexibility, impacting subsequent behavior.
120. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     The amyloid precursor protein is a conserved Wnt receptor

     Tengyuan Liu, Tingting Zhang ... Bassem A Hassan

     The amyloid precursor protein known for its role in causing familial Alzheimer's disease directly interacts with secreted proteins, called Wnts, known for their key roles in brain development and homeostasis, suggesting the two processes may be directly linked.
121. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Structural basis for diguanylate cyclase activation by its binding partner in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

     Gukui Chen, Jiashen Zhou ... Haihua Liang

     The diguanylate cyclase activity of SiaD is activated by its binding partner SiaC thourgh a dynamic mechanism of promoting the formation of active SiaD dimers.
122. 1. Cancer Biology

     Lipid droplets and ferritin heavy chain: a devilish liaison in human cancer cell radioresistance

     Luca Tirinato, Maria Grazia Marafioti ... Joao Seco

     Lipid Droplet accumulation is a fingerprint shared by different human cancer radioresistant cells and their biogenesis strongly depend on FTH1 presence.
123. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
     2. Evolutionary Biology

     Enhanced Cas12a multi-gene regulation using a CRISPR array separator

     Jens P Magnusson, Antonio Ray Rios ... Lei S Qi

     Cas12a CRISPR arrays are sensitive to the GC content of their spacers, but AT-rich separator sequences successfully remove this disruptive effect and enable enhanced multiplexed gene targeting and activation.
124. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

     Witnessing the structural evolution of an RNA enzyme

     Xavier Portillo, Yu-Ting Huang ... Gerald F Joyce

     An RNA enzyme is caught in the act of evolving a new structural domain within its active site, resulting in enhanced catalytic function.
125. 1. Neuroscience

     The corticospinal tract primarily modulates sensory inputs in the mouse lumbar cord

     Yunuen Moreno-Lopez, Charlotte Bichara ... Matilde Cordero-Erausquin

     While the corticospinal tract is often considered exclusively as a motor path, a combination of intersectional viral strategy and in vivo electrophysiology reveals that, in the mouse lumbar cord, its main role is the modulation of sensory inputs.
126. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Misic, a general deep learning-based method for the high-throughput cell segmentation of complex bacterial communities

     Swapnesh Panigrahi, Dorothée Murat ... Tâm Mignot

     A broadly applicable deep-learning based method that recognizes rod-shaped bacteria of virtually any species in complex bacterial communities.
127. 1. Genetics and Genomics
     2. Neuroscience

     Neuronal calmodulin levels are controlled by CAMTA transcription factors

     Thanh Thi Vuong-Brender, Sean Flynn ... Mario de Bono

     CAMTA transcription factors are evolutionarily conserved regulators of neuronal levels of the major Ca²⁺ sensor calmodulin.
128. 1. Developmental Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Activity-dependent modulation of synapse-regulating genes in astrocytes

     Isabella Farhy-Tselnicker, Matthew M Boisvert ... Nicola J Allen

     RNA sequencing and genetic mouse models reveal that transcriptional changes to astrocytes in the developing cortex are not intrinsic but influenced by their environment and determine that expression of astrocyte synapse-regulating genes and neuronal synaptogenesis is modulated by ongoing astrocyte-neuron communication.
129. 1. Neuroscience

     Sex-specific pubertal and metabolic regulation of Kiss1 neurons via Nhlh2

     Silvia Leon, Rajae Talbi ... Víctor M Navarro

     The transcription factor Nhlh2 is a marker of arcuate Kiss1 neurons in adulthood that activates the promotor activity of Kiss1 and Tac3 genes and controls puberty onset and the response of KNDy neurons to leptin in male mice.
130. 1. Physics of Living Systems
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Multicolor fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy in living cells via spectral detection

     Valentin Dunsing, Annett Petrich, Salvatore Chiantia

     Fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy is implemented for detection of up to four molecular species, allowing users to quantify molecular interactions and stoichiometry of multicomponent complexes in live cells, in a wide range of biological processes, from membrane signaling to viral assembly.
131. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

     The interplay of RNA:DNA hybrid structure and G-quadruplexes determines the outcome of R-loop-replisome collisions

     Charanya Kumar, Sahil Batra ... Dirk Remus

     Reconstitution of orientation-specific R-loop-replisome collisions with purified proteins reveals the differential impact of R-loop-associated RNA:DNA hybrids and G-quadruplexes on replication fork progression.
132. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

     Telomere length is associated with growth in children in rural Bangladesh

     Audrie Lin, Andrew N Mertens ... John M Colford Jr

     In a rural, low-income setting in Bangladesh, early-life telomere length was associated with concurrent growth.
133. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Cell Biology

     Endothelial pannexin 1–TRPV4 channel signaling lowers pulmonary arterial pressure in mice

     Zdravka Daneva, Matteo Ottolini ... Swapnil K Sonkusare

     Endothelial pannexin 1-P2Y2 purinergic receptor-TRPV4 channel signaling, facilitated by caveolin-1, is a novel pathway for lowering pulmonary arterial pressure.
134. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

     ACLY ubiquitination by CUL3-KLHL25 induces the reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism to facilitate iTreg differentiation

     Miaomiao Tian, Fengqi Hao ... Min Wei

     Metabolic flux analysis, biochemistry assays, and functional confirmation in mice show that the ubiquitination and degradation of ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) mediated by CUL3-KLHL25 promotes the switch from fatty acid synthesis to fatty acid oxidation for iTreg differentiation.
135. 1. Neuroscience

     Activity-dependent regulation of mitochondrial motility in developing cortical dendrites

     Catia AP Silva, Annik Yalnizyan-Carson ... Christian Lohmann

     Naturally occurring activity in the developing brain regulates mitochondrial motility such that mitochondria stop at active synapses, which is probably a fundamental process in brain wiring.
136. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

     A universal pocket in fatty acyl-AMP ligases ensures redirection of fatty acid pool away from coenzyme A-based activation

     Gajanan S Patil, Priyadarshan Kinatukara ... Rajan Sankaranarayanan

     The structural basis of how an enzyme differentiates chemically identical molecules unlike its homolog to channel fatty acids towards secondary metabolism is elucidated.
137. 1. Ecology
     2. Evolutionary Biology

     The evolution of strategy in bacterial warfare via the regulation of bacteriocins and antibiotics

     Rene Niehus, Nuno M Oliveira ... Kevin R Foster

     Evolutionary game theory identifies reciprocation as a key winning strategy for warring bacteria.
138. 1. Neuroscience

     Separable neural signatures of confidence during perceptual decisions

     Tarryn Balsdon, Pascal Mamassian, Valentin Wyart

     Neural processes for perception and confidence can be separated thanks to computational electroencephalography, thus revealing a neural circuit specific to metacognition.
139. 1. Genetics and Genomics
     2. Immunology and Inflammation

     Evolution of cytokine production capacity in ancient and modern European populations

     Jorge Domínguez-Andrés, Yunus Kuijpers ... Mihai G Netea

     Neolithic was a turning point for immune responses in Europeans, favoring tolerance against intracellular pathogens, promoting inflammation against extracellular microbes, and being related to current auto-immune diseases.
140. 1. Evolutionary Biology

     Ancient role of sulfakinin/cholecystokinin-type signalling in inhibitory regulation of feeding processes revealed in an echinoderm

     Ana B Tinoco, Antón Barreiro-Iglesias ... Maurice R Elphick

     Starfish feed by everting their stomach out of their mouth over prey and, interestingly, this unusual feeding mechanism is inhibited by substances similar to hormones that regulate feeding in humans.
141. 1. Evolutionary Biology

     Binding affinity landscapes constrain the evolution of broadly neutralizing anti-influenza antibodies

     Angela M Phillips, Katherine R Lawrence ... Michael M Desai

     CR9114, one of the most broadly neutralizing anti-influenza antibodies characterized to date, acquires affinity to divergent HA subtypes sequentially, due to higher order interactions between the nested sets of mutations required for binding each distinct subtype.
142. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease
     2. Physics of Living Systems

     Gut bacterial aggregates as living gels

     Brandon H Schlomann, Raghuveer Parthasarathy

     A theory of gut bacterial aggregation produces a cluster size distribution that matches that of several strains observed in zebrafish, suggesting principles generally applicable to the vertebrate gut.
143. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Cell Biology

     β-hydroxybutyrate accumulates in the rat heart during low-flow ischaemia with implications for functional recovery

     Ross T Lindsay, Sophie Dieckmann ... Andrew J Murray

     β-Hydroxybutyrate accumulates in the perfused rat heart during ischaemia, driven by flux through both HMGCS and SCOT, with implications for functional recovery.
144. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Physics of Living Systems

     A simple regulatory architecture allows learning the statistical structure of a changing environment

     Stefan Landmann, Caroline M Holmes, Mikhail Tikhonov

     Minimal modifications of common regulatory circuits can allow bacteria to learn from the past to better predict the future, on a physiological, rather than evolutionary, timescale.
145. 1. Neuroscience

     Distributed functions of prefrontal and parietal cortices during sequential categorical decisions

     Yang Zhou, Matthew C Rosen ... David J Freedman

     Prefrontal cortex plays a leading role in sequential decisions compared to posterior parietal cortex and relies on nonlinear integration of sensory and mnemonic information for decision formation.
146. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     The cooperative binding of TDP-43 to GU-rich RNA repeats antagonizes TDP-43 aggregation

     Juan Carlos Rengifo-Gonzalez, Krystel El Hage ... Ahmed Bouhss

     The RNA-mediated higher order assembly of TDP-43, a protein associated with neurodegenerative diseases, preserves its solubility by reducing the risk of multivalent interactions between low complexity domains.
147. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

     Structural variability and concerted motions of the T cell receptor – CD3 complex

     Prithvi R Pandey, Bartosz Różycki ... Thomas R Weikl

     The orientation of the TCR extracellular domain is highly variable and coupled to characteristic structural changes throughout the TCR - CD3 complex.
148. 1. Medicine

     Aorta smooth muscle-on-a-chip reveals impaired mitochondrial dynamics as a therapeutic target for aortic aneurysm in bicuspid aortic valve disease

     Mieradilijiang Abudupataer, Shichao Zhu ... Weijia Zhang

     An aorta smooth muscle-on-a-chip model indicated that NOTCH1 insufficiency in HAoSMCs induced phenotypic switching from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype accompanied by an impairment of mitochondrial fusion, implying its potential role as a therapeutic target for BAV-TAA.
149. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

     HspB8 prevents aberrant phase transitions of FUS by chaperoning its folded RNA-binding domain

     Edgar E Boczek, Julius Fürsch ... Florian Stengel

     Quantitative time-resolved crosslinking mass spectrometry is developed to monitor protein interactions and dynamics inside molecular condensates and used to identify misfolding of the RNA-binding domain of FUS as a key driver of condensate-aging.
150. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Structure and dynamics of the chromatin remodeler ALC1 bound to a PARylated nucleosome

     Luka Bacic, Guillaume Gaullier ... Sebastian Deindl

     Analysis of conformational heterogeneity in cryo-EM data by a recently developed deep learning method reveals the structure and dynamics of the oncogenic chromatin remodeler ALC1 bound to a poly-ADP-ribosylated nucleosome.
151. 1. Cancer Biology
     2. Computational and Systems Biology

     Integrated evaluation of telomerase activation and telomere maintenance across cancer cell lines

     Kevin Hu, Mahmoud Ghandi, Franklin W Huang

     Comprehensive analysis of telomere maintenance from transcriptomic, epigenetic, and loss-of-function profiles of cancer cell lines elucidates features of telomere regulation in cancer.
152. 1. Neuroscience

     Motor planning under uncertainty

     Laith Alhussein, Maurice A Smith

     New evidence shows that when there is uncertainty about an action's goal the motor system creates a single action plan that optimizes task performance rather than averaging multiple potential plans.
153. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     Information content differentiates enhancers from silencers in mouse photoreceptors

     Ryan Z Friedman, David M Granas ... Michael A White

     Silencers and enhancers targeted by a common transcription factor in photoreceptors are distinguished by the number and diversity of binding transcription factor binding sites they contain.
154. 1. Cell Biology

     Modelling the impact of decidual senescence on embryo implantation in human endometrial assembloids

     Thomas M Rawlings, Komal Makwana ... Emma S Lucas

     The study of embryo-endometrial interactions in assembloid co-cultures identifies novel mechanisms of reproductive failure.
155. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Developmental Biology

     Neuronal regulated ire-1-dependent mRNA decay controls germline differentiation in Caenorhabditis elegans

     Mor Levi-Ferber, Rewayd Shalash ... Sivan Henis-Korenblit

     Neuronal circuits can be disrupted by ire-1-dependent mRNA decay to affect germline tumor cell identity by regulating cross-tissue communication in Caenorhabditis elegans.
156. 1. Computational and Systems Biology

     Environmental fluctuations reshape an unexpected diversity-disturbance relationship in a microbial community

     Christopher P Mancuso, Hyunseok Lee ... Ahmad S Khalil

     Laboratory experiments using a microbial community and mathematical modeling reveal how environmental disturbances can predictably alter the diversity and composition of an ecosystem.
157. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

     LIN37-DREAM prevents DNA end resection and homologous recombination at DNA double-strand breaks in quiescent cells

     Bo-Ruei Chen, Yinan Wang ... Barry P Sleckman

     The LIN37-DREAM complex has a critical role in regulating DNA double-strand break end processing and suppressing aberrant homology-directed repair in quiescent cells.
158. 1. Computational and Systems Biology

     Inequalities in the distribution of National Institutes of Health research project grant funding

     Michael S Lauer, Deepshikha Roychowdhury

     Funding inequalities for NIH-supported research project grant investigators and organizations have increased over the past 25 years, but have modestly decreased over the past 3 years.
159. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

     Concerted conformational dynamics and water movements in the ghrelin G protein-coupled receptor

     Maxime Louet, Marina Casiraghi ... Jean-Louis Banères

     A combination of state-of-the-art biochemical, biophysical, and computational methods revealed that water molecules play a central role in signal propagation through G protein-coupled receptors.
160. 1. Developmental Biology
     2. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

     Dual expression of Atoh1 and Ikzf2 promotes transformation of adult cochlear supporting cells into outer hair cells

     Suhong Sun, Shuting Li ... Zhiyong Liu

     Adult cochlear supporting cells (SCs) are plastic and respond to ectopic Ikzf2 and Atoh1, and hair cell damage by up-regulating HC and down-regulating their endogenous SC genes.
161. 1. Neuroscience

     Functional independence of endogenous μ- and δ-opioid receptors co-expressed in cholinergic interneurons

     Seksiri Arttamangkul, Emily J Platt ... David Farrens

     Endogenous µ- and δ-opioid receptors do not form stable heterodimers in cholinergic interneurons.
162. 1. Medicine

     Heparin-binding motif mutations of human diamine oxidase allow the development of a first-in-class histamine-degrading biopharmaceutical

     Elisabeth Gludovacz, Kornelia Schuetzenberger ... Thomas Boehm

     Because heparin-binding motif mutations of human diamine oxidase (hDAO) block cellular uptake and strongly decrease clearance in vivo, modified recombinant hDAO might be a good candidate for the treatment of symptoms induced by excessive endogenous histamine release.
163. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

     Ascorbic acid supports ex vivo generation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells from circulating hematopoietic stem cells

     Anders Laustsen, Renée M van der Sluis ... Rasmus O Bak

     Probing of various culture conditions leads to fundamental advances in ex vivo production of plasmacytoid dendritic cells for use in immunotherapy.
164. 1. Neuroscience

     Single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-seq uncovers shared and distinct axes of variation in dorsal LGN neurons in mice, non-human primates, and humans

     Trygve E Bakken, Cindy TJ van Velthoven ... Bosiljka Tasic

     Transcriptomic differences between relay neurons in the mature mammalian dLGN are subtle relative to striking differences in morphology and cortical projection targets.
165. 1. Evolutionary Biology
     2. Physics of Living Systems

     A framework for studying behavioral evolution by reconstructing ancestral repertoires

     Damián G Hernández, Catalina Rivera ... Gordon J Berman

     The behavioral repertoires from six species of flies are measured, and a statistical approach is developed to predict co-evolving behaviors, providing a potential framework for exploring behavioral evolution.
166. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Plant Biology

     Crosstalk between the chloroplast protein import and SUMO systems revealed through genetic and molecular investigation in Arabidopsis

     Samuel James Watson, Na Li ... R Paul Jarvis

     The small ubiquitin-like modifier system directly regulates components of the chloroplast protein import apparatus, that is, TOC proteins, to control chloroplast biogenesis and plant development.
167. 1. Neuroscience

     Modeling spinal locomotor circuits for movements in developing zebrafish

     Yann Roussel, Stephanie F Gaudreau ... Tuan V Bui

     Computational models of spinal locomotor circuits in developing zebrafish reveal how new movements can emerge during development through the integration of new spinal neurons and new connections.
168. 1. Physics of Living Systems

     Hybrid protein assembly-histone modification mechanism for PRC2-based epigenetic switching and memory

     Cecilia Lövkvist, Pawel Mikulski ... Martin Howard

     Extra protein memory storage elements with positive feedbacks, in addition to histone modifications, can explain epigenetic switching and memory at the PRC2 target gene FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC).
169. 1. Neuroscience

     DeepEthogram, a machine learning pipeline for supervised behavior classification from raw pixels

     James P Bohnslav, Nivanthika K Wimalasena ... Christopher D Harvey

     DeepEthogram automatically classifies animal behavior videos into researcher-defined behaviors of interest, saving researcher time and enabling more detailed downstream analysis of behavior.
170. 1. Physics of Living Systems

     Muscle-specific economy of force generation and efficiency of work production during human running

     Sebastian Bohm, Falk Mersmann ... Adamantios Arampatzis

     During human running, the soleus muscle was found to operate as work generator under optimal conditions for work production (high force-length potential and enthalpy efficiency) while the vastus lateralis promoted tendon energy storage and economical force generation (high force-length-velocity potential).
171. 1. Evolutionary Biology
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     Understanding patterns of HIV multi-drug resistance through models of temporal and spatial drug heterogeneity

     Alison F Feder, Kristin N Harper ... Pleuni S Pennings

     In triple-drug-treated HIV, partially resistant viruses can spread and resistance to specific drugs evolves in a predictable order, potentially a result of spatial or temporal heterogeneity in drug concentrations.
172. 1. Neuroscience

     Classification and genetic targeting of cell types in the primary taste and premotor center of the adult Drosophila brain

     Gabriella R Sterne, Hideo Otsuna ... Kristin Scott

     A split-GAL4 collection provides precise genetic targeting of 138 neuronal cell types in the subesophageal zone of adult Drosophila melanogaster.
173. 1. Neuroscience

     L-DOPA modulates activity in the vmPFC, nucleus accumbens, and VTA during threat extinction learning in humans

     Roland Esser, Christoph W Korn ... Jan Haaker

     Encoding an expected, but absent, threat is modulated by dopaminergic neurotransmission that regulates success of extinction learning in humans.
174. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

     Tissue environment, not ontogeny, defines murine intestinal intraepithelial T lymphocytes

     Alejandro J Brenes, Maud Vandereyken ... Mahima Swamy

     In-depth proteomic analyses of intestinal tissue-resident intraepithelial T lymphocytes reveals how these cells are adapted to the intestinal environment through increased cholesterol and lipid metabolism, tailored metabolic profiles, receptors for interacting with epithelial cells, and tightly regulated signalling pathways.
175. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Glycolytic preconditioning in astrocytes mitigates trauma-induced neurodegeneration

     Rene Solano Fonseca, Patrick Metang ... Peter M Douglas

     Promoting a Warburg-like shift in astrocytic metabolism through reduced mitochondrial electron transport accommodates the energetic burden caused by brain trauma without overwhelming cellular respiration and redox to salvage dopaminergic neurons.
176. 1. Medicine
     2. Neuroscience

     Skeleton interoception regulates bone and fat metabolism through hypothalamic neuroendocrine NPY

     Xiao Lv, Feng Gao ... Xu Cao

     PGE2/EP4 skeleton interoception regulates bone and fat metabolism via hypothalamic NPY.
177. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Structural insights into the activation of human calcium-sensing receptor

     Xiaochen Chen, Lu Wang ... Yong Geng

     The cryo-electron microscopy structures of inactive and active states of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) reveal the activation mechanisms of CaSR.
178. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     In situ imaging of bacterial outer membrane projections and associated protein complexes using electron cryo-tomography

     Mohammed Kaplan, Georges Chreifi ... Grant J Jensen

     Electron cryo-tomography reveals that bacteria can form structurally-diverse outer membrane extensions with various protein complexes associated with them.
179. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     Drosophila STING protein has a role in lipid metabolism

     Katarina Akhmetova, Maxim Balasov, Igor Chesnokov

     Drosophila STING protein, or stimulator of interferon genes, has a direct but previously unknown role in the lipid metabolism.
180. 1. Neuroscience

     Dorsal premammillary projection to periaqueductal gray controls escape vigor from innate and conditioned threats

     Weisheng Wang, Peter J Schuette ... Avishek Adhikari

     Activity in the hypothalamic dorsal premammillary nucleus predicts future escape from threat, represents escape velocity, and controls escape velocity via a projection to the brainstem.
181. 1. Genetics and Genomics

     Human genetic analyses of organelles highlight the nucleus in age-related trait heritability

     Rahul Gupta, Konrad J Karczewski ... Vamsi K Mootha

     Although cellular organelles show a functional deterioration in aging, genetic loci associated with common age-associated disease instead nominate nuclear transcription factors across several age-related diseases.
182. 1. Cell Biology

     Endoplasmic reticulum tubules limit the size of misfolded protein condensates

     Smriti Parashar, Ravi Chidambaram ... Susan Ferro-Novick

     The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) uses ER tubules and specific ER autophagy machinery to prevent toxic, dominant-interfering, disease-causing, mutant proteins from entering the secretory pathway.
183. 1. Cell Biology

     The mitochondrial permeability transition pore activates the mitochondrial unfolded protein response and promotes aging

     Suzanne Angeli, Anna Foulger ... Gordon Lithgow

     Loss of the F-ATP synthase c-subunit inhibits a pathological mitochondrial permeability transition pore that is coupled to a maladaptive mitochondrial unfolded protein response while also extending lifespan.
184. 1. Genetics and Genomics

     The dual role of amyloid-β-sheet sequences in the cell surface properties of FLO11-encoded flocculins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

     Clara Bouyx, Marion Schiavone ... Jean Marie François

     The role of amyloid-β-aggregation sequence and of the various domains in the physiological function of the FLO11-encoded adhesin in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are disclosed in this report.