April 2021

Research articles

1. 1. Neuroscience

   Response-based outcome predictions and confidence regulate feedback processing and learning

   Romy Frömer, Matthew R Nassar ... Nick Yeung

   Computational modeling, and empirical behavioral and EEG results show that learning relies not only on comparing current events to past experience, but integrates response-based outcome predictions and confidence.
2. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
   2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

   Molecular insights into substrate recognition and discrimination by the N-terminal domain of Lon AAA+ protease

   Shiou-Ru Tzeng, Yin-Chu Tseng ... Chung-I Chang

   The N-terminal domains enable Lon protease to discriminate and capture selected protein species for degradation by exposed hydrophobic patches and flexible linkages to the hexameric core complex.
3. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
   2. Genetics and Genomics

   Epigenetic analysis of Paget’s disease of bone identifies differentially methylated loci that predict disease status

   Ilhame Diboun, Sachin Wani ... Omar ME Albagha

   PDB-associated differences in DNA methylation are reproducible and reflect key environmental modulators of bone homeostasis including viral processes, vitamin D metabolism, as well as mechanical sheer load.
4. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

   CD8⁺ T cell self-tolerance permits responsiveness but limits tissue damage

   Emily N Truckenbrod, Kristina S Burrack ... Stephen C Jameson

   Identification and characterization of the responses of T lymphocytes that are specific for 'self' tissue antigens, revealing the functional limits of immune tolerance.
5. 1. Cell Biology
   2. Developmental Biology

   The transcription factor Rreb1 regulates epithelial architecture, invasiveness, and vasculogenesis in early mouse embryos

   Sophie M Morgani, Jie Su ... Anna-Katerina Hadjantonakis

   Loss of the transcription factor Rreb1 results perturbs epithelial architecture during mouse development resulting in invasive cell behaviors, severe cardiovascular defects, and embryonic lethality.
6. 1. Cell Biology
   2. Physics of Living Systems

   Flagellar energetics from high-resolution imaging of beating patterns in tethered mouse sperm

   Ashwin Nandagiri, Avinash Satish Gaikwad ... Ranganathan Prabhakar

   Calculations of flagellar energetics from beating patterns in sperm reveal that internal dissipation by dynein motors and other passive structures within the flagellum significantly exceeds external hydrodynamic dissipation.
7. 1. Neuroscience

   EEG-based detection of the locus of auditory attention with convolutional neural networks

   Servaas Vandecappelle, Lucas Deckers ... Tom Francart

   Convolutional neural networks can decode whether a person is listening to a speaker on the left or right solely from 1 to 2s of EEG data.
8. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

   De novo macrocyclic peptides dissect energy coupling of a heterodimeric ABC transporter by multimode allosteric inhibition

   Erich Stefan, Richard Obexer ... Robert Tampé

   By random nonstandard peptide integrated discovery, combinatorial macrocyclic peptides were leavaged that target a heterodimeric ABC transport complex and explore fundamental principles of the substrate translocation cycle.
9. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
   2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

   IL-33 promotes innate lymphoid cell-dependent IFN-γ production required for innate immunity to Toxoplasma gondii

   Joseph T Clark, David A Christian ... Christopher A Hunter

   Upon Toxoplasma gondii infection, IL-33 plays a critical role in driving early anti-parasite responses by innate lymphoid cells rendered responsive to its effects by infection.
10. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    ImmunoCluster provides a computational framework for the nonspecialist to profile high-dimensional cytometry data

    James W Opzoomer, Jessica A Timms ... Shahram Kordasti

    ImmunoCluster permits nonspecialist users to interrogate liquid and imaging mass, and flow cytometry datasets, resolving novel layers of cellular heterogeneity and insight, as well as producing publishable outputs and figures.
11. 1. Cancer Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    TAZ-CAMTA1 and YAP-TFE3 alter the TAZ/YAP transcriptome by recruiting the ATAC histone acetyltransferase complex

    Nicole Merritt, Keith Garcia ... Munir R Tanas

    The C terminal fusion partners of TAZ-CAMTA1, YAP-TFE3 and potentially other TAZ/YAP fusion proteins in cancer recruit epigenetic modifiers that modulate a baseline TEAD-based transcriptional program.
12. 1. Neuroscience

    GABA_B receptor auxiliary subunits modulate Cav2.3-mediated release from medial habenula terminals

    Pradeep Bhandari, David Vandael ... Peter Koppensteiner

    The direct interaction of R-type Ca²⁺ channel Cav2.3 and GABA_B receptor auxiliary subunits in the active zone of medial habenula terminals scales synaptic strength independent of GABA_B receptor activation.
13. 1. Neuroscience

    The causal role of auditory cortex in auditory working memory

    Liping Yu, Jiawei Hu ... Jinghong Xu

    Auditory cortex is essential for information encoding and maintenance in auditory working memory, especially during the early delay period.
14. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    ZC3H4 restricts non-coding transcription in human cells

    Chris Estell, Lee Davidson ... Steven West

    An unbiased proteomics approach in human cells identifies ZC3H4 and shows that it is important for controlling the transcription of unstable RNA synthesized upstream of promoters and over enhancers.
15. 1. Physics of Living Systems

    Optimal evolutionary decision-making to store immune memory

    Oskar H Schnaack, Armita Nourmohammad

    Actively regulated immune memory differentiation, with a preference for cross-reactive receptors with moderate affinity against pathogens as opposed to high-affinity receptors, confers a long-term benefit to the host.
16. 1. Cell Biology

    Compartment-specific opioid receptor signaling is selectively modulated by different dynorphin peptides

    Jennifer M Kunselman, Achla Gupta ... Manojkumar A Puthenveedu

    Different dynorphins, which signal similarly from the cell surface, can differentially localize G protein-coupled receptors to specific subcellular compartments and cause divergent receptor fates and distinct spatiotemporal patterns of signaling.
17. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    The final step of 40S ribosomal subunit maturation is controlled by a dual key lock

    Laura Plassart, Ramtin Shayan ... Celia Plisson-Chastang

    Cryo-EM and functional studies reveal how combined action of proteins RPS26/eS26 and RIO1 allows late precursors to the human small ribosomal particle to be matured into fully translation-competent 40S subunits.
18. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Electrical synaptic transmission requires a postsynaptic scaffolding protein

    Abagael M Lasseigne, Fabio A Echeverry ... Adam C Miller

    A postsynaptic, intracellular, scaffolding protein is necessary to build neuronal gap junctions, revealing an unanticipated complexity of molecular and functional organization of electrical synapses.
19. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Medicine

    eNOS-induced vascular barrier disruption in retinopathy by c-Src activation and tyrosine phosphorylation of VE-cadherin

    Takeshi Ninchoji, Dominic T Love ... Lena Claesson-Welsh

    Vascular leakage from pathological vessels in retinopathy aggravates the disease, but endothelial junction stability and barrier integrity can be restored by blocking formation of nitric oxide.
20. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Common virulence gene expression in adult first-time infected malaria patients and severe cases

    J Stephan Wichers, Gerry Tonkin-Hill ... Anna Bachmann

    Parasites with pathogenic variant surface antigens are common in adult malaria patients with a naive immune status.
21. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Medicine

    An agnostic study of associations between ABO and RhD blood group and phenome-wide disease risk

    Torsten Dahlén, Mark Clements ... Gustaf Edgren

    The relationship between blood groups and disease is detangled, without preconceived ideas, using population-wide data, with millions of participants and lifetime follow-up, identifying not only previously known relationships but also new insights.
22. 1. Medicine

    Asprosin-neutralizing antibodies as a treatment for metabolic syndrome

    Ila Mishra, Clemens Duerrschmid ... Atul R Chopra

    Anti-asprosin monoclonal antibodies, a promising pharmacotherapy for the treatment of metabolic syndrome-associated hyperglycemia, obesity, and dyslipidemia.
23. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    HIV-1 uncoating by release of viral cDNA from capsid-like structures in the nucleus of infected cells

    Thorsten G Müller, Vojtech Zila ... Hans-Georg Kräusslich

    HIV-1 capsids enter the host cell nucleus, where they are partially disrupted to release the viral genome upon completion of reverse transcription.
24. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Mechanistic theory predicts the effects of temperature and humidity on inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and other enveloped viruses

    Dylan H Morris, Kwe Claude Yinda ... James O Lloyd-Smith

    Viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, retain infectivity longer at low temperatures and extreme relative humidities because these conditions slow down the chemical reactions that inactivate those viruses.
25. 1. Evolutionary Biology

    Chloroplast acquisition without the gene transfer in kleptoplastic sea slugs, Plakobranchus ocellatus

    Taro Maeda, Shunichi Takahashi ... Shuji Shigenobu

    The newly opened genome of a kleptoplastic mollusk, Plakobranchus ocellatus, indicated that sequestered plastids retain their activity within the animal cell without horizontal algal gene transfer to the animal nucleus.
26. 1. Neuroscience

    Attenuated dopamine signaling after aversive learning is restored by ketamine to rescue escape actions

    Mingzheng Wu, Samuel Minkowicz ... Yevgenia Kozorovitskiy

    Interconnected ventral tegmental area and medial prefrontal cortex circuits causally link dopamine dynamics, aversive learning, and the effects of a promising rapidly acting antidepressant ketamine.
27. 1. Neuroscience

    Neural effects of propofol-induced unconsciousness and its reversal using thalamic stimulation

    André M Bastos, Jacob A Donoghue ... Earl K Miller

    Understanding how general anesthesia changes neural dynamics in the cortex and thalamus can lead to its safer use and shed light on the nature of consciousness.
28. 1. Neuroscience

    GABA_A presynaptic inhibition regulates the gain and kinetics of retinal output neurons

    Jenna Nagy, Briana Ebbinghaus ... Raunak Sinha

    Elimination of GABA_A receptors from the axon terminals of specific retinal bipolar cell types alters the sensitivity and kinetics of retinal output.
29. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Single mosquito metatranscriptomics identifies vectors, emerging pathogens and reservoirs in one assay

    Joshua Batson, Gytis Dudas ... Hanna Retallack

    How large-scale single mosquito metatranscriptomics can define the mosquito’s complex microbiota and its blood meal sources, and contribute critical epidemiological information needed to control vector borne disease transmission, is shown.
30. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Computational and Systems Biology

    Simple biochemical features underlie transcriptional activation domain diversity and dynamic, fuzzy binding to Mediator

    Adrian L Sanborn, Benjamin T Yeh ... Roger D Kornberg

    Transcriptional activation domains achieve rapid, dynamic, specific interaction with Mediator through binding of an unstructured peptide to multiple hydrophobic surfaces without particular amino acid side chain interactions.
31. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Physics of Living Systems

    Quantitative analyses reveal extracellular dynamics of Wnt ligands in Xenopus embryos

    Yusuke Mii, Kenichi Nakazato ... Shinji Takada

    Wnt distribution is regulated by a dynamic exchange of its abundant scaffold-bound and rare freely diffusing populations, providing insights into a conceived dilemma of speed and stability of tissue patterning.
32. 1. Neuroscience

    Constructing an adult orofacial premotor atlas in Allen mouse CCF

    Jun Takatoh, Jae Hong Park ... Fan Wang

    A new three-step monosynaptic premotor tracing strategy in adult mice, together with registration to the Allen mouse common coordinate framework, uncovered precise spatial relationships of distinct orofacial premotor circuits in the brainstem.
33. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    CRISPR-based functional genomics in human dendritic cells

    Marco Jost, Amy N Jacobson ... Jonathan S Weissman

    A CRISPR-based method enables targeted knockouts and genetic screens in human dendritic cells.
34. 1. Cell Biology

    A robust method for particulate detection of a genetic tag for 3D electron microscopy

    James Rae, Charles Ferguson ... Robert G Parton

    Development of a new system for gold particle detection of a genetic tag for electron microscopy.
35. 1. Medicine
    2. Neuroscience

    The mechanism underlying transient weakness in myotonia congenita

    Jessica H Myers, Kirsten Denman ... Mark M Rich

    Transient weakness in myotonia congenita is caused by depolarization secondary to activation of persistent Na⁺ current in skeletal muscle.
36. 1. Cancer Biology

    Methionine restriction breaks obligatory coupling of cell proliferation and death by an oncogene Src in Drosophila

    Hiroshi Nishida, Morihiro Okada ... Sa Kan Yoo

    Src, an oncogene, promotes both cell proliferation and cell death simultaneously, which can be regulated by dietary methionine.
37. 1. Cell Biology

    Adiponectin preserves metabolic fitness during aging

    Na Li, Shangang Zhao ... Philipp E Scherer

    Adiponectin is an essential regulator for healthspan and is indispensable for sustaining a normal lifespan.
38. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Toxoplasma TgATG9 is critical for autophagy and long-term persistence in tissue cysts

    David Smith, Geetha Kannan ... Vern B Carruthers

    ATG9-dependent autophagy is an essential pathway for long-term survival within the cyst in the parasite Toxoplasma gondii and could be exploited in future studies seeking interventions against persistent Toxoplasma infection.
39. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Vascular-derived SPARC and SerpinE1 regulate interneuron tangential migration and accelerate functional maturation of human stem cell-derived interneurons

    Matthieu Genestine, Daisy Ambriz ... Edmund Au

    Species-specific timing of interneuron migration across mice and humans is regulated by two vascular-derived factors, SPARC and SerpinE1.
40. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Plant Biology

    Widespread premature transcription termination of Arabidopsis thaliana NLR genes by the spen protein FPA

    Matthew T Parker, Katarzyna Knop ... Gordon G Simpson

    The expression of Arabidopsis NLR immune response genes is modulated by premature transcription termination, and this has implications for understanding NLR regulation and evolutionary dynamics.
41. 1. Neuroscience

    Variability in the Munc13-1 content of excitatory release sites

    Maria Rita Karlocai, Judit Heredi ... Zoltan Nusser

    Different numbers of Munc13-1 molecules build up the specialized regions of the presynaptic plasma membrane called the release sites.
42. 1. Neuroscience

    Medical education and distrust modulate the response of insular-cingulate network and ventral striatum in pain diagnosis

    Giada Dirupo, Sabrina Totaro ... Corrado Corradi-Dell'Acqua

    Behavioral and neural data converge in showing that medical experience reduces reactions to others' pain and distrust toward the target affects the processing of his feedback.
43. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Protomer alignment modulates specificity of RNA substrate recognition by Ire1

    Weihan Li, Kelly Crotty ... Peter Walter

    Biochemical analysis and computational modeling reveal how cells mechanistically control the quality of their proteomes and demonstrate that the precise alignment of subunits in oligomeric complexes can profoundly affect enzymatic properties.
44. 1. Physics of Living Systems

    The biomechanical role of extra-axonemal structures in shaping the flagellar beat of Euglena gracilis

    Giancarlo Cicconofri, Giovanni Noselli, Antonio DeSimone

    The 'spinning lasso' geometry of Euglena's beating flagellum is revealed, and a model based on the antagonistic forces exchanged by axoneme and paraflagellar rod is proposed to explain its emergence.
45. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Defects in translation-dependent quality control pathways lead to convergent molecular and neurodevelopmental pathology

    Markus Terrey, Scott I Adamson ... Susan L Ackerman

    Disruption of quality control pathways that function at distinct steps to mitigate errors in translation evoke similar cellular responses and pathologies.
46. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Medicine

    A Mendelian randomization study of the role of lipoprotein subfractions in coronary artery disease

    Qingyuan Zhao, Jingshu Wang ... Daniel J Rader

    High-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfraction traits appear to have heterogeneous effects on coronary artery disease, giving support to the HDL function hypothesis.
47. 1. Neuroscience

    Two opposite voltage-dependent currents control the unusual early development pattern of embryonic Renshaw cell electrical activity

    Juliette Boeri, Claude Meunier ... Antonny Czarnecki

    A simple mechanism, based on the synergy of two major opposing voltage-dependent currents that are ubiquitous in neurons, produces functional diversity of developing Renshaw cells in the embryo.
48. 1. Cell Biology
    2. Physics of Living Systems

    How cells determine the number of polarity sites

    Jian-geng Chiou, Kyle D Moran, Daniel J Lew

    Minimal essential features of Rho GTPase systems are elucidated that regulate the number of distinct domains developed by a cell’s polarity machinery, which in turn governs cell shape.
49. 1. Neuroscience

    DIAPH3 deficiency links microtubules to mitotic errors, defective neurogenesis, and brain dysfunction

    Eva On-Chai Lau, Devid Damiani ... Fadel Tissir

    DIAPH3 safeguards integrity of microtubule cytoskeleton during division of neural progenitor cells.
50. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Neuroscience

    Sensing the world and its dangers: An evolutionary perspective in neuroimmunology

    Aurora Kraus, Katherine M Buckley, Irene Salinas

    The investigation of neuroimmunology in non-model organisms is critical to diversify the field and identify primordial principles that govern neuroimmune communication across taxa.
51. 1. Neuroscience

    Learning excitatory-inhibitory neuronal assemblies in recurrent networks

    Owen Mackwood, Laura B Naumann, Henning Sprekeler

    The synaptic structure in mouse V1 is explained by a synergy of homeostatic plasticity in incoming and outgoing synapses of inhibitory interneurons, establishing a stimulus-specific balance of excitation and inhibition.
52. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    High infectiousness immediately before COVID-19 symptom onset highlights the importance of continued contact tracing

    William S Hart, Philip K Maini, Robin N Thompson

    Fitting a mechanistic model to data from SARS-CoV-2 source-recipient pairs generates improved estimates of changes in infectiousness during infection, indicating substantial transmission shortly before symptom onset.
53. 1. Ecology
    2. Neuroscience

    Probing the decision-making mechanisms underlying choice between drug and nondrug rewards in rats

    Youna Vandaele, Magalie Lenoir ... Serge H Ahmed

    In a drug choice setting, rats’ preference is initially driven by deliberative processes but shifts to more automatic selection processes after extended training, in accordance with the sequential choice model.
54. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Trading mental effort for confidence in the metacognitive control of value-based decision-making

    Douglas G Lee, Jean Daunizeau

    Intra-individual variability in choice, response time, subjective effort, confidence, and choice-induced preference change and certainty gain is explained by a cost–benefit model of cognitive resource allocation.
55. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Selection for increased tibia length in mice alters skull shape through parallel changes in developmental mechanisms

    Colton M Unger, Jay Devine ... Campbell Rolian

    Artificial selection for increased tibia length in mice made their skulls longer, narrower, and flatter, suggesting that even distant skeletal regions can evolve as correlated responses to selection acting locally.
56. 1. Cell Biology

    SARS-CoV-2 requires cholesterol for viral entry and pathological syncytia formation

    David W Sanders, Chanelle C Jumper ... Clifford P Brangwynne

    A high-throughput microscopy screen for drugs that modulate SARS-CoV-2 spike-mediated membrane fusion identifies an essential role for cholesterol in both virus entry and syncytia formation.
57. 1. Cancer Biology

    Post-transcriptional repression of circadian component CLOCK regulates cancer-stemness in murine breast cancer cells

    Takashi Ogino, Naoya Matsunaga ... Shigehiro Ohdo

    The expression of the major circadian component CLOCK is a key regulator of stemness in breast cancer cells, which can be a novel strategy for breast cancer treatment.
58. 1. Cell Biology

    Tyramine induces dynamic RNP granule remodeling and translation activation in the Drosophila brain

    Nadia Formicola, Marjorie Heim ... Florence Besse

    Tyramine-dependent signaling triggers decondensation of neuronal RNP components and rapid translation activation of target mRNAs.
59. 1. Neuroscience

    Pruriception and neuronal coding in nociceptor subtypes in human and nonhuman primates

    Amanda Klein, Hans Jürgen Solinski ... Matthias Ringkamp

    MRGPRD and MRGRPX1 are co-expressed in primate DRG neurons, but β-alanine and BAM8-22, preferentially activate CMH-subclasses, and co-activating different cutaneous nociceptors by pruritogens does not change itch sensation to pain.
60. 1. Cancer Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Co-regulation and function of FOXM1/RHNO1 bidirectional genes in cancer

    Carter J Barger, Linda Chee ... Adam R Karpf

    FOXM1 is co-expressed with its bidirectional gene partner RHNO1, and the two genes promote DNA repair, cell growth and survival, and chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer.
61. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Transcriptional profiling of mouse peripheral nerves to the single-cell level to build a sciatic nerve ATlas (SNAT)

    Daniel Gerber, Jorge A Pereira ... Ueli Suter

    Establishing transcriptional profiles of nerve-inhabitant cells as resource to foster the fundamental understanding of peripheral nerves.
62. 1. Developmental Biology

    Ongoing repair of migration-coupled DNA damage allows planarian adult stem cells to reach wound sites

    Sounak Sahu, Divya Sridhar ... Aziz Aboobaker

    Adult stem cells acquire increased DNA damage as they migrate to a wound site and require active DNA repair mechanisms for normal migration.
63. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    T cell self-reactivity during thymic development dictates the timing of positive selection

    Lydia K Lutes, Zoë Steier ... Ellen A Robey

    Developing T cells whose TCRs have relatively low reactivity experience very brief TCR signaling events, experience delayed positive selection, and retaina preselection gene expression signature as they mature.
64. 1. Neuroscience

    High-resolution imaging of skin deformation shows that afferents from human fingertips signal slip onset

    Benoit P Delhaye, Ewa Jarocka ... Philippe Lefèvre

    Synchronous recording of skin deformations at the contact with a transparent surface and of tactile afferents from the fingertip reveals that afferents signal incipient slip.
65. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    Identification of functionally distinct macrophage subpopulations in Drosophila

    Jonathon Alexis Coates, Elliot Brooks ... Iwan Robert Evans

    Drosophila macrophages are a heterogeneous population of cells containing subpopulations with enhanced responses to injury that display considerable variation in their abundance across development.
66. 1. Cell Biology

    UBTD1 regulates ceramide balance and endolysosomal positioning to coordinate EGFR signaling

    Stéphanie Torrino, Victor Tiroille ... Stephan Clavel

    UBTD1 coordinates EGFR signaling by modulating ceramides level through ASAH1 ubiquitination and EGFR degradation through SQSTM1/p62 ubiquitination, which together impact cell proliferation.
67. 1. Physics of Living Systems

    Confinement discerns swarmers from planktonic bacteria

    Weijie Chen, Neha Mani ... Jay X Tang

    For the same bacterial strain, the swarming phenotype can be biophysically discerned from swimming phenotype based on the motion pattern under circular confinement on a soft agar.
68. 1. Neuroscience

    Anticipation of temporally structured events in the brain

    Caroline S Lee, Mariam Aly, Christopher Baldassano

    The brain contains a hierarchy of anticipatory signals, with more anterior regions showing anticipation that reaches further into the future.
69. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    The cis-regulatory effects of modern human-specific variants

    Carly V Weiss, Lana Harshman ... David Gokhman

    A genome-wide catalog of the regulatory effects of variants that separate modern humans from archaic humans.
70. 1. Neuroscience

    Creating and controlling visual environments using BonVision

    Gonçalo Lopes, Karolina Farrell ... Aman B Saleem

    BonVision is an open-source software for real-time rendering and control of 2D and 3D visual environments that also enables easy replication of experiments.
71. 1. Neuroscience

    Corollary discharge promotes a sustained motor state in a neural circuit for navigation

    Ni Ji, Vivek Venkatachalam ... Aravinthan DT Samuel

    A primary sensory interneuron in the thermotaxis circuit of C. elegans integrates sensory input and corollary discharge to drive persistent navigational states and movement towards preferred environments.
72. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Computational and Systems Biology

    Tissue-specific modulation of gene expression in response to lowered insulin signalling in Drosophila

    Luke Stephen Tain, Robert Sehlke ... Linda Partridge

    Multi-omic profiling of gene expression in response to reduced insulin/IGF-like-signalling reveals tissue-specific regulation of DNA damage and lysosomal mannosidase regulation of tissue homeostasis as pro-longevity responses.
73. 1. Neuroscience
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Differences in interactions between transmembrane domains tune the activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors

    Jordana K Thibado, Jean-Yves Tano ... Joshua Levitz

    Homo- and heterodimeric group II metabotropic glutamate receptors show diverse modes of interaction between transmembrane domains that control their distinct assembly and activation properties.
74. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Ecology

    Nutrient dominance governs the assembly of microbial communities in mixed nutrient environments

    Sylvie Estrela, Alicia Sanchez-Gorostiaga ... Alvaro Sanchez

    There are regularities in how specific nutrients combine together to shape the taxonomic composition of self-assembled communities, with some types of nutrients dominating other types.
75. 1. Computational and Systems Biology

    A cross-sectional study of functional and metabolic changes during aging through the lifespan in male mice

    Michael A Petr, Irene Alfaras ... Rafael de Cabo

    A comprehensive cross-sectional assessment reveals functional decline in mice consistent with increased energetic cost of physical activity with age through metabolic rewiring in multiple organs.
76. 1. Medicine

    Insights from a Pan India Sero-Epidemiological survey (Phenome-India Cohort) for SARS-CoV2

    Salwa Naushin, Viren Sardana ... Shantanu Sengupta

    Widespread asymptomatic SARS-CoV2 infection affected nearly 100 million Indians by September 2020 with a subsequent decline in new cases, which may be attributable to increased population immunity, albeit seeing reduced neutralization activity at 6 months this respite may be temporary.
77. 1. Immunology and Inflammation

    Characterization and functional analysis of cathelicidin-MH, a novel frog-derived peptide with anti-septicemic properties

    Jinwei Chai, Xin Chen ... Xueqing Xu

    The novel cathelicidin cathelicidin-MH was identified from the skin of M. heymonsivogt frog, which protects against lipopolysaccharide- and cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis, effectively ameliorates multi-organ pathology, especially in lung.
78. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    In vitro proteasome processing of neo-splicetopes does not predict their presentation in vivo

    Gerald Willimsky, Christin Beier ... Peter M Kloetzel

    Analysis of neo-splicetope-specific T cell responses strongly questions the idea that in vitro proteasome-catalyzed peptide splicing reaction simulates the in vivo situation with the same high fidelity as the in vitro generation of non-spliced epitopes.
79. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Medicine

    Bacterial–fungal interactions in the neonatal gut influence asthma outcomes later in life

    Rozlyn CT Boutin, Charisse Petersen ... B Brett Finlay

    Overgrowth of the yeast Pichia kudriavzevii within the neonatal gut microbiota increases allergic airway disease severity later in life and may be inhibited by short-chain fatty acids.
80. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Therapeutic inhibition of keratinocyte TRPV3 sensory channel by local anesthetic dyclonine

    Qiang Liu, Jin Wang ... Jing Yao

    Identifying and understanding that local anesthetic dyclonine targets TRPV3 channels will help to conceive therapeutic interventions.
81. 1. Ecology

    Plant-associated CO₂ mediates long-distance host location and foraging behaviour of a root herbivore

    Carla CM Arce, Vanitha Theepan ... Ricardo AR Machado

    The larvae of the western corn rootworm use root-emitted CO₂ to successfully locate the most suitable host plant.
82. 1. Medicine

    Sensitivity of ID NOW and RT–PCR for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in an ambulatory population

    Yuan-Po Tu, Jameel Iqbal, Timothy O'Leary

    Although the ID NOW platform is less sensitive than RT–PCR for identification of SARS-CoV-2 infection, it provides high positive and negative predictive values in low-prevalence populations.
83. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

    The biphasic and age-dependent impact of klotho on hallmarks of aging and skeletal muscle function

    Zachary Clemens, Sruthi Sivakumar ... Fabrisia Ambrosio

    Transcriptomic analysis using a novel information-based network entropy approach provides mechanistic insights into the ability of Klotho to successfully ameliorate age-related sarcopenia in old mice, but not oldest-old mice.
84. 1. Neuroscience

    Robust and distributed neural representation of action values

    Eun Ju Shin, Yunsil Jang ... Min Whan Jung

    Action-value signals previously found in many brain areas can be accounted for neither by concurrent serial correlations in neural activity and action value nor by signals for other decision variables.
85. 1. Developmental Biology

    Multiscale analysis of single and double maternal-zygotic Myh9 and Myh10 mutants during mouse preimplantation development

    Markus Frederik Schliffka, Anna Francesca Tortorelli ... Jean-Léon Maître

    During mouse preimplantation development, the complete loss of actomyosin contractility abolishes cytokinesis but not apico-basal polarisation, lineage specification, or fluid accumulation, which are the critical steps to the formation of the blastocyst.
86. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Repeated introductions and intensive community transmission fueled a mumps virus outbreak in Washington State

    Louise H Moncla, Allison Black ... Trevor Bedford

    Social networks can be the primary risk factor for mumps infection and transmission, regardless of age and vaccination status.
87. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Structure of HIV-1 gp41 with its membrane anchors targeted by neutralizing antibodies

    Christophe Caillat, Delphine Guilligay ... Winfried Weissenhorn

    The structure of gp41with its membrane anchors highlights the flexible linkage of the transmembrane regions and the fuson peptides, which generates an asymmetric conformation, a potential target of MPER bNAbs.
88. 1. Cancer Biology
    2. Cell Biology

    Defective apoptotic cell contractility provokes sterile inflammation, leading to liver damage and tumour suppression

    Linda Julian, Gregory Naylor ... Michael F Olson

    In the absence of ROCK1 activation by caspases, apoptotic cells don’t undergo typical morphological changes, leading to sterile inflammation in the liver that increases tissue damage and suppresses tumor formation.
89. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Downregulation of glial genes involved in synaptic function mitigates Huntington's disease pathogenesis

    Tarik Seref Onur, Andrew Laitman ... Juan Botas

    Cross-species transcriptomic analysis and high-throughput behavioral assays in a Drosophila model of Huntington's disease show that downregulation of glial genes involved in synaptic function compensates for disease-related excitotoxicity.
90. 1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Genetic determinants facilitating the evolution of resistance to carbapenem antibiotics

    Peijun Ma, Lorrie L He ... Deborah T Hung

    High-level transposon insertional mutagenesis and a broader spectrum of resistance-conferring mutations for selected carbapenems facilitate the evolution of carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumonia clinical isolates.
91. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    Competitive binding of STATs to receptor phospho-Tyr motifs accounts for altered cytokine responses

    Stephan Wilmes, Polly-Anne Jeffrey ... Ignacio Moraga

    IL-27 exerts differential activation of STAT1 and STAT3 via IL-27Ra and GP130, respectively, leading to a kinetic decoupling of its gene expression program, which contributes to tune its immuno-modulatory activities.
92. 1. Developmental Biology

    Evolutionarily conserved sperm factors, DCST1 and DCST2, are required for gamete fusion

    Naokazu Inoue, Yoshihisa Hagihara, Ikuo Wada

    Mammalian fertilization is accomplished through integrating various molecular pathways that include evolutionarily conserved factors, DCST1 and DCST2.
93. 1. Neuroscience

    Spontaneous and evoked activity patterns diverge over development

    Lilach Avitan, Zac Pujic ... Geoffrey J Goodhill

    Spontaneous and evoked patterns of neural activity in the larval zebrafish tectum become less similar over development, in contrast with a previous hypothesis for the computational role of spontaneous activity.
94. 1. Developmental Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    DCC regulates astroglial development essential for telencephalic morphogenesis and corpus callosum formation

    Laura Morcom, Ilan Gobius ... Linda J Richards

    Axon guidance molecules DCC and NTN1 regulate astroglial-mediated interhemispheric remodelling required for corpus callosum formation in humans and mice.
95. 1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    Improving oligo-conjugated antibody signal in multimodal single-cell analysis

    Terkild B Buus, Alberto Herrera ... Sergei B Koralov

    Oligo-conjugated antibodies are a powerful tool but require thorough optimization to reduce background signal, increase sensitivity, and reduce sequencing costs.
96. 1. Cell Biology

    The Nesprin-1/-2 ortholog ANC-1 regulates organelle positioning in C. elegans independently from its KASH or actin-binding domains

    Hongyan Hao, Shilpi Kalra ... Daniel A Starr

    The giant KASH protein ANC-1 maintains the integrity of the cytoplasm to anchor nuclei, ER, and other organelles within the cell.
97. 1. Neuroscience

    Synaptic learning rules for sequence learning

    Eric Torsten Reifenstein, Ikhwan Bin Khalid, Richard Kempter

    Through mathematical analysis and computer simulations, the neuronal underpinnings of feasible models of sequence learning are delineated.
98. 1. Computational and Systems Biology

    A convolutional neural network for the prediction and forward design of ribozyme-based gene-control elements

    Calvin M Schmidt, Christina D Smolke

    Machine learning has been applied to develop predictive models for designing RNA gene-control elements with targeted gene-regulatory activities.
99. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Heterogeneity in transmissibility and shedding SARS-CoV-2 via droplets and aerosols

    Paul Z Chen, Niklas Bobrovitz ... Frank X Gu

    Broader case variation in respiratory viral load, and in shedding virus via droplets and aerosols, for SARS-CoV-2 than influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 facilitates greater transmission heterogeneity in the COVID-19 pandemic than the 2009 flu pandemic.
100. 1. Neuroscience

     Rapid recycling of glutamate transporters on the astroglial surface

     Piotr Michaluk, Janosch Peter Heller, Dmitri A Rusakov

     Rapid membrane turnover is the main 'redeployment' route for the immobile fraction of surface-expressed astroglial glutamate transporters that confine excitatory transmission to the synaptic cleft.
101. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     Live-cell single-molecule tracking highlights requirements for stable Smc5/6 chromatin association in vivo

     Thomas J Etheridge, Desiree Villahermosa ... Johanne M Murray

     In vivo single-molecule imaging demonstrates that Smc5/6 chromatin association depends on ATP hydrolysis and dsDNA binding, requires Nse6 and is modulated by Brc1 after DNA damage.
102. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

     Coordination between nucleotide excision repair and specialized polymerase DnaE2 action enables DNA damage survival in non-replicating bacteria

     Asha Mary Joseph, Saheli Daw ... Anjana Badrinarayanan

     Live-cell imaging shows that replication-independent specialized polymerase action is a consequence of lesion processing via NER and impacts cellular survival under stress outside replicative phases of the cell cycle.
103. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

     Channel nuclear pore complex subunits are required for transposon silencing in Drosophila

     Marzia Munafò, Victoria R Lawless ... Benjamin Czech

     By linking export and licensing of a piRNA precursor transcript, channel nuclear pore complex subunits Nup54 and Nup58 are specifically required to silence transposons in the Drosophila ovary.
104. 1. Neuroscience

     Neuronal complexity is attenuated in preclinical models of migraine and restored by HDAC6 inhibition

     Zachariah Bertels, Harinder Singh ... Amynah A Pradhan

     In models of chronic migraine, neuronal complexity is diminished in head-pain processing regions but restored through HDAC6 inhibition, which increases tubulin acetylation and cytoskeletal flexibility, and CGRP receptor blockade.
105. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Inverse regulation of Vibrio cholerae biofilm dispersal by polyamine signals

     Andrew A Bridges, Bonnie L Bassler

     The global pathogen Vibrio cholerae monitors environmental polyamines to garner information about numbers of ‘self’ versus ‘other’ in the vicinity, and in response, to remain or disperse from biofilms.
106. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Physics of Living Systems

     Exceptional stability of a perilipin on lipid droplets depends on its polar residues, suggesting multimeric assembly

     Manuel Giménez-Andrés, Tadej Emeršič ... Alenka Čopič

     The amphipathic helix of perilipin 4 relies on the organization of its polar residues to form a remarkably immobile and stable protein layer on the surface of lipid droplets.
107. 1. Neuroscience

     Circuit organization of the excitatory sensorimotor loop through hand/forelimb S1 and M1

     Naoki Yamawaki, Martinna G Raineri Tapies ... Gordon MG Shepherd

     Cell-type-specific circuit analysis reveals a highly polysynaptic pattern of excitatory feedforward connections along the somatosensory-to-motor loop, from cuneate via VPL thalamus to S1 and M1 cortex and corticospinal neurons.
108. 1. Medicine
     2. Neuroscience

     PMCA-generated prions from the olfactory mucosa of patients with Fatal Familial Insomnia cause prion disease in mice

     Edoardo Bistaffa, Alba Marín-Moreno ... Fabio Moda

     The olfactory mucosa of patients with fatal familial insomnia contains traces of infectious prions, and their analyses could support the clinical diagnosis and elucidate disease-specific mechanisms.
109. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Lipoprotein DolP supports proper folding of BamA in the bacterial outer membrane promoting fitness upon envelope stress

     David Ranava, Yiying Yang ... Raffaele Ieva

     The envelope stress factor DolP associates with the outer membrane protein assembly machinery and supports proper folding and functioning of BamA contributing to preserve envelope integrity.
110. 1. Cell Biology

     A genetic screen identifies new steps in oocyte maturation that enhance proteostasis in the immortal germ lineage

     Madhuja Samaddar, Jérôme Goudeau ... Cynthia Kenyon

     A whole-genome genetic screen links new aspects of oocyte maturation to proteostasis renewal in the immortal Caenorhabditis elegans germ-cell lineage and reveals similarities to somatic cell maintenance during aging.
111. 1. Medicine
     2. Neuroscience

     Quantifying noxious-evoked baseline sensitivity in neonates to optimise analgesic trials

     Maria M Cobo, Caroline Hartley ... Rebeccah Slater

     Measuring individual differences in noxious-evoked baseline sensitivity in neonates can substantially reduce sample sizes required in neonatal analgesic trials.
112. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Allosteric communication in DNA polymerase clamp loaders relies on a critical hydrogen-bonded junction

     Subu Subramanian, Kent Gorday ... John Kuriyan

     Deep mutagenesis of a clamp-loader complex reveals a critical hydrogen-bonded junction that is important for allosteric communication in oligomeric AAA+ ATPases.
113. 1. Computational and Systems Biology

     Associations of topic-specific peer review outcomes and institute and center award rates with funding disparities at the National Institutes of Health

     Michael S Lauer, Jamie Doyle ... Deepshikha Roychowdhury

     An analysis of peer review and funding outcomes of NIH research applications shows that funding disparities of topics preferred by African American Black investigators are not due to peer review preferences or biases.
114. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
     2. Neuroscience

     Microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids modulate microglia and promote Aβ plaque deposition

     Alessio Vittorio Colombo, Rebecca Katie Sadler ... Arthur Liesz

     Experiments in a mouse model for Alzheimer’s disease using germ-free and conventionally housed animals reveal that microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids promote the deposition of cerebral Aβ plaques.
115. 1. Developmental Biology
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     Cell competition removes segmental aneuploid cells from Drosophila imaginal disc-derived tissues based on ribosomal protein gene dose

     Zhejun Ji, Jacky Chuen ... Nicholas Baker

     Cell competition is an important mechanism selecting against aneuploid cells.
116. 1. Genetics and Genomics

     Converting endogenous genes of the malaria mosquito into simple non-autonomous gene drives for population replacement

     Astrid Hoermann, Sofia Tapanelli ... Nikolai Windbichler

     Minimal genetic modifications of endogenous mosquito genes allow the tissue-specific expression of anti-malarial effectors and convert them into efficient non-autonomous gene drives.
117. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Membrane binding controls ordered self-assembly of animal septins

     Agata Szuba, Fouzia Bano ... Gijsje H Koenderink

     Nanoscaleimaging reveals that animal septins form dense filamentous networks on biomimeticlipid membranes, explaining how septins may regulate cell surface rigidity.
118. 1. Computational and Systems Biology

     Mouse aging cell atlas analysis reveals global and cell type-specific aging signatures

     Martin Jinye Zhang, Angela Oliveira Pisco ... James Zou

     Comprehensive single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals global and tissue-specific aging markers and characterizes the heterogeneous aging status of different cell types and tissues in mouse.
119. 1. Medicine
     2. Neuroscience

     AAV-Txnip prolongs cone survival and vision in mouse models of retinitis pigmentosa

     Yunlu Xue, Sean K Wang ... Constance L Cepko

     AAV-Txnip prolongs vision in mouse models of blindness, enhancing lactate catabolism, mitochondrial health, and ATP production in a condition that likely has a limited glucose supply.
120. 1. Neuroscience

     Distinct neuronal populations contribute to trace conditioning and extinction learning in the hippocampal CA1

     Rebecca A Mount, Sudiksha Sridhar ... Xue Han

     Large-scale imaging analysis of CA1 reveals that distinct neural networks are involved in trace conditioning versus extinction learning, shedding light on how the hippocampus encodes different types of memory.
121. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Immunology and Inflammation

     Molecular tracking devices quantify antigen distribution and archiving in the murine lymph node

     Shannon M Walsh, Ryan M Sheridan ... Beth Ann Jiron Tamburini

     Antigen-phosphorothioate DNA conjugation provides a vaccination strategy where stable barcodes facilitate the detection and quantification of antigen using single-cell RNA sequencing.
122. 1. Neuroscience

     Gamma rhythms and visual information in mouse V1 specifically modulated by somatostatin⁺ neurons in reticular thalamus

     Mahmood S Hoseini, Bryan Higashikubo ... Jeanne T Paz

     Gamma rhythms and representation of visual information in the primary visual cortex are specifically modulated by somatostatin⁺ but not parvalbumin⁺ neurons in reticular thalamic nucleus.
123. 1. Evolutionary Biology

     The essential role of Dnmt1 in gametogenesis in the large milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus

     Joshua T Washington, Katelyn R Cavender ... Patricia J Moore

     The maintenance DNA methyltransferase DNMT1 is required for the transition of spermatogonia to spermatocytes both during larval testis development and adult sperm replenishment in the insect Oncopeltus fasciatus.
124. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Distinct clonal evolution of B-cells in HIV controllers with neutralizing antibody breadth

     Deniz Cizmeci, Giuseppe Lofano ... Boris Julg

     Extended somatic hypermutation and clonal evolution associated with antibody neutralization breath in HIV controllers with low plasma viral loads provide promise for HIV vaccine development.
125. 1. Developmental Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Robo recruitment of the Wave regulatory complex plays an essential and conserved role in midline repulsion

     Karina Chaudhari, Madhavi Gorla ... Greg J Bashaw

     Axon repulsion in response to the midline repellent slit depends on an evolutionary conserved interaction between the Roundabout receptor and the wave regulatory complex.
126. 1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
     2. Evolutionary Biology

     Morphological and genomic shifts in mole-rat ‘queens’ increase fecundity but reduce skeletal integrity

     Rachel A Johnston, Philippe Vullioud ... Jenny Tung

     In cooperatively breeding Damaraland mole-rats, transitioning to 'queen' results in extensive gene regulatory and morphological remodeling, but also costs to skeletal integrity that scale with reproductive investment.
127. 1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
     2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     NusG is an intrinsic transcription termination factor that stimulates motility and coordinates gene expression with NusA

     Zachary F Mandell, Reid T Oshiro ... Paul Babitzke

     The general transcription elongation factor NusG functions as an intrinsic termination factor in Bacillus subtilis and together with NusA coordinates global gene expression including the motility regulon.
128. 1. Genetics and Genomics
     2. Immunology and Inflammation

     Simultaneous trimodal single-cell measurement of transcripts, epitopes, and chromatin accessibility using TEA-seq

     Elliott Swanson, Cara Lord ... Peter J Skene

     Simultaneous multimodal measurement of chromatin accessibility, gene expression, and protein expression provides a unified view of the molecular underpinnings of immune cell state in health and disease.
129. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Computational and Systems Biology

     Artistoo, a library to build, share, and explore simulations of cells and tissues in the web browser

     Inge MN Wortel, Johannes Textor

     By letting users build interactive simulations directly in a web browser, Artistoo unlocks new ways to communicate, teach, and collaborate in computational biology research.
130. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Medicine

     Augmenter of liver regeneration regulates cellular iron homeostasis by modulating mitochondrial transport of ATP-binding cassette B8

     Hsiang-Chun Chang, Jason Solomon Shapiro ... Hossein Ardehali

     Mammalian cellular iron homeostasis and the maturation of the cytosolic iron sulfur cluster proteins are dependent on the mitochondrial protein import machinery.
131. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Human airway cells prevent SARS-CoV-2 multibasic cleavage site cell culture adaptation

     Mart M Lamers, Anna Z Mykytyn ... Bart L Haagmans

     Cell culture adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 is prevented on human airway cells with an active serine protease-mediated entry pathway, allowing the production of genetically stable virus stocks for laboratory experiments.
132. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
     2. Medicine

     Effects of an urban sanitation intervention on childhood enteric infection and diarrhea in Maputo, Mozambique: A controlled before-and-after trial

     Jackie Knee, Trent Sumner ... Joe Brown

     Onsite sanitation maybe insufficient to interrupt transmission of enteric infections in high-burden urban settings, though risk of some infections may be reduced among children protected from birth.
133. 1. Developmental Biology

     Spatiotemporal recruitment of RhoGTPase protein GRAF inhibits actomyosin ring constriction in Drosophila cellularization

     Swati Sharma, Richa Rikhy

     The RhoGTPase domain containing protein GRAF recruits to the cleavage furrow during myosin II assembly to hydrolyze Rho-GTP and restrict actomyosin contractility for regulating the time of onset of constriction during Drosophila cellularization.
134. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Infection with a newly designed dual fluorescent reporter HIV-1 effectively identifies latently infected CD4⁺ T cells

     Jinfeng Cai, Hongbo Gao ... Kai Deng

     A novel reporter model system serves as a valuable tool for studying latent HIV-1 infection and identifies potent latency reversing agent.
135. 1. Neuroscience

     Neural signatures of vigilance decrements predict behavioural errors before they occur

     Hamid Karimi-Rouzbahani, Alexandra Woolgar, Anina N Rich

     Declined coding of sensory information in the brain reflects human vigilance decrements and allows prediction of behavioural errors.
136. 1. Developmental Biology

     A calcineurin-mediated scaling mechanism that controls a K⁺-leak channel to regulate morphogen and growth factor transcription

     Chao Yi, Tim WGM Spitters ... Christopher L Antos

     Calcineurin regulates an electrophysiological mechanism that activates the transcription of specific developmental genes in a heirarchical manner to scale fish appendages.
137. 1. Epidemiology and Global Health
     2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Single-dose BNT162b2 vaccine protects against asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection

     Nick K Jones, Lucy Rivett ... Michael P Weekes

     A fourfold reduction in the rate of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers ≥12 days after a single dose of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) has been found.
138. 1. Neuroscience

     Robust vestibular self-motion signals in macaque posterior cingulate region

     Bingyu Liu, Qingyang Tian, Yong Gu

     Macaque posterior cingulate region carries vestibular dominant self-motion signals with plentiful temporal components that could be useful for process of path integration.
139. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
     2. Medicine

     Inflammation rapidly recruits mammalian GMP and MDP from bone marrow into regional lymphatics

     Juana Serrano-Lopez, Shailaja Hegde ... Jose A Cancelas

     Endotoxemia recruits fast-acting anti-inflammatory innate myeloid progenitors from bone marrow into regional lymphatics through release of pre-formed Ccl19 secondary to NF-κB-independent, Traf6/IκB kinase-dependent signaling.
140. 1. Cell Biology
     2. Computational and Systems Biology

     CEM500K, a large-scale heterogeneous unlabeled cellular electron microscopy image dataset for deep learning

     Ryan Conrad, Kedar Narayan

     'Cellular Electron Microscopy 500,000 images' (CEM500K) is a highly heterogeneous, information-rich, non-redundant, unlabeled EM dataset curated to pre-train DL algorithms for better model generalization on EM segmentation tasks.
141. 1. Neuroscience

     Slowing the body slows down time perception

     Rose De Kock, Weiwei Zhou ... Martin Wiener

     The perception of time is influenced by movement environments, with slower movements associated with shorter perceived time intervals.
142. 1. Evolutionary Biology

     Evolution of the complex transcription network controlling biofilm formation in Candida species

     Eugenio Mancera, Isabel Nocedal ... Alexander D Johnson

     The transcription networks controlling biofilm formation in Candida species exhibit 'structural' similarities, but show gradual substitutions of transcription regulators and frequent changes in target genes.
143. 1. Neuroscience

     Stimulus-dependent relationships between behavioral choice and sensory neural responses

     Daniel Chicharro, Stefano Panzeri, Ralf M Haefner

     New stimulus-dependencies of choice-related signals in sensory neurons uncovered by new analytical results and methods.
144. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Membrane transporter dimerization driven by differential lipid solvation energetics of dissociated and associated states

     Rahul Chadda, Nathan Bernhardt ... Janice L Robertson

     Differences in the lipid solvation energetics of associated and dissociated states is a primary driving force for membrane protein oligomerization, presenting a molecular mechanism for lipid regulation in biology.
145. 1. Cell Biology

     Glucose restriction drives spatial reorganization of mevalonate metabolism

     Sean Rogers, Hanaa Hariri ... W Mike Henne

     Genetic and biochemical analyses, coupled with fluorescence imaging, reveal that spatial compartmentalization of HMG-CoA Reductases at yeast ER-lysosome contacts modulates mevalonate pathway flux during glucose restriction, enabling metabolic adaptation.
146. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     The metal cofactor zinc and interacting membranes modulate SOD1 conformation-aggregation landscape in an in vitro ALS model

     Achinta Sannigrahi, Sourav Chowdhury ... Krishnananda Chattopadhyay

     How do the metal cofactors present in the protein SOD1 collaborate with the interacting membrane to define the role of this protein in the disease ALS?
147. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease
     2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Discovery and characterization of a novel family of prokaryotic nanocompartments involved in sulfur metabolism

     Robert J Nichols, Benjamin LaFrance ... David F Savage

     A protein-bounded organelle-like compartment from Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 is upregulated under sulfur starvation and contains a cysteine desulfurase cargo enzyme.
148. 1. Cancer Biology
     2. Developmental Biology

     An NKX2-1/ERK/WNT feedback loop modulates gastric identity and response to targeted therapy in lung adenocarcinoma

     Rediet Zewdu, Elnaz Mirzaei Mehrabad ... Eric L Snyder

     Genetically engineered murine models reveal novel mechanisms of cell identity regulation in lung cancer and provide insights into the complex interplay between lineage specifiers and oncogenic signaling pathways in this disease.
149. 1. Physics of Living Systems

     Ligand sensing enhances bacterial flagellar motor output via stator recruitment

     Farha Naaz, Megha Agrawal ... KV Venkatesh

     Sensing of ligands by chemoreceptors of Escherichia coli not only causes changes in the rotational bias of the flagellar motors but also increases motor speed via temporary recruitment of stators.
150. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Medicine

     Identification of human glucocorticoid response markers using integrated multi-omic analysis from a randomized crossover trial

     Dimitrios Chantzichristos, Per-Arne Svensson ... Gudmundur Johannsson

     A human experimental model for physiological glucocorticoid exposure and glucocorticoid withdrawal identifies a multi-omic cluster, including microRNA miR-122-5p and metabolites, associated with glucocorticoid-responsive genes.
151. 1. Evolutionary Biology
     2. Genetics and Genomics

     High social status males experience accelerated epigenetic aging in wild baboons

     Jordan A Anderson, Rachel A Johnston ... Jenny Tung

     Among the factors that predict fitness in wild baboons, dominance rank in males, but not in females, is the best predictor of epigenetic aging.
152. 1. Neuroscience

     Impaired spatial learning and suppression of sharp wave ripples by cholinergic activation at the goal location

     Przemyslaw Jarzebowski, Clara S Tang ... Y Audrey Hay

     Elevated cholinergic activity disrupts offline hippocampal state and impairs memory formation highlighting the need for a precise timing of cholinergic activity in learning and memory.
153. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Cerebrospinal fluid proteome maps detect pathogen-specific host response patterns in meningitis

     Anahita Bakochi, Tirthankar Mohanty ... Johan Malmström

     Statistical analysis and LASSO regression modeling provide insights into pathogen-specific host response patterns in cerebrospinal fluid from different disease etiologies to support future classification of pathogen type based on host response patterns in meningitis.
154. 1. Computational and Systems Biology
     2. Neuroscience

     Uncovering the computational mechanisms underlying many-alternative choice

     Armin W Thomas, Felix Molter, Ian Krajbich

     A comparison of different computational models reveals that looking behavior, during value-based choices from 9, 16, 25, or 36 snack foods, actively influences the subjective values of the available alternatives.
155. 1. Immunology and Inflammation
     2. Neuroscience

     Development and characterization of a chronic implant mouse model for vagus nerve stimulation

     Ibrahim T Mughrabi, Jordan Hickman ... Stavros Zanos

     Long-term, dose-controlled vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is feasible in mice using a multi-lab validated implantation procedure, allowing therapeutic testing of VNS in many disease models.
156. 1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

     Unmasking coupling between channel gating and ion permeation in the muscle nicotinic receptor

     John R Strikwerda, Steven M Sine

     Mutating a highly conserved intramembrane salt bridge unmasks structural and functional coupling between channel gating and ion permeation in the muscle nicotinic receptor.
157. 1. Neuroscience

     Excitation of medium spiny neurons by ‘inhibitory’ ultrapotent chemogenetics via shifts in chloride reversal potential

     Stephanie C Gantz, Maria M Ortiz ... Khaled Moussawi

     Modifying membrane potential by an 'inhibitory' chloride conductance such as PSAM⁴-GlyR is inherently unstable because the normally low intracellular concentration of chloride is readily increased by influx of chloride.
158. 1. Neuroscience

     Likelihood approximation networks (LANs) for fast inference of simulation models in cognitive neuroscience

     Alexander Fengler, Lakshmi N Govindarajan ... Michael J Frank

     A novel method and software provides researchers with the capability to rapidly, flexibly, and robustly perform Bayesian parameter estimation of theoretically meaningful models in cognitive neuroscience that were heretofore intractable.
159. 1. Neuroscience

     The role of oxytocin in delay of gratification and flexibility in non-social decision making

     Georgia Eleni Kapetaniou, Matthias A Reinhard ... Alexander Soutschek

     Oxytocin was found to significantly improve non-social decision making in a healthy sample, suggesting a domain-general function of the hormone, in contrast to its previously hypothesized social domain specificity.
160. 1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

     Colistin kills bacteria by targeting lipopolysaccharide in the cytoplasmic membrane

     Akshay Sabnis, Katheryn LH Hagart ... Andrew M Edwards

     Modulation of cytoplasmic lipopolysaccharide levels sensitises bacteria to polymyxin antibiotics, revealing a novel combination therapeutic approach.
161. 1. Neuroscience

     IGF-1 facilitates extinction of conditioned fear

     Laura E Maglio, José A Noriega-Prieto ... David Fernández de Sevilla

     Insulin-like growth factor-1 activates the prefrontal cortex and improves the extinction of aversive memories.